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Molecular Psychiatry Oct 2021Co-infection between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and groups of periodontal pathogens may alter the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and all-cause dementia. We examined the...
Co-infection between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and groups of periodontal pathogens may alter the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and all-cause dementia. We examined the interactive associations among Hp sero-positivity, periodontal disease (Pd), and infections with incident AD and all-cause dementia, among older adults (≥65 years at baseline). Up to 1431 participants from phase 1 of the National Health and Nutrition Survey III (1988-1991) had complete data till January 1st, 2014 on Hp sero-positivity with a mean follow-up of 10-11 years for AD and all-cause dementia incidence. Exposures consisted of 19 periodontal pathogens, constructed factors and clusters, and two Pd markers- probing depth and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Cox proportional hazards models were performed. Around 55% of the selected sample was Hp. We found that Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter Rectus, Factor 2 (Pi/Prevotella nigrescens/Prevotella melaninogenica), and the Orange-Red cluster interacted synergistically with Hp sero-positivity, particularly with respect to AD incidence. The presence of higher levels of Actinomyces Naeslundii (An) enhanced the effect of being Hp on both AD and all-cause dementia incidence. In contrast, Fusobacterim nucleatum (Fn), and Factor 1 (which included Fn), exhibited an antagonistic interaction with Hp in relation to all-cause dementia. Both probing depth and CAL had direct associations with all-cause dementia among Hp individuals, despite nonsignificant interaction. Selected periodontal pathogen titers, factors, and clusters interacted mostly synergistically, with Hp sero-positivity, to alter the risk of AD and all-cause dementia. Ultimately, a randomized controlled trial is needed, examining effects of co-eradication of Hp and select periodontal pathogens on neurodegenerative disease.
Topics: Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Incidence; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Prevotella intermedia
PubMed: 32366948
DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0736-2 -
Skeletal Radiology Aug 2019Infection of costal cartilage is a rare observation. We report the case of a 43-year-old male patient without relevant history who presented with a progressive painful...
Infection of costal cartilage is a rare observation. We report the case of a 43-year-old male patient without relevant history who presented with a progressive painful swelling of the left chest wall since 4 months. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated an abscess within the left ninth costal cartilage with surrounding reactive changes. A CT-guided biopsy was performed and the culture of the sample revealed the presence of Prevotella nigrescens. Musculoskeletal infections by Prevotella are rarely described in the literature, Prevotella oralis and Prevotella bivia being the most frequently observed pathogens. These infections usually originate from a hematogenous spread after thoracic surgery or dental procedure. In our patient, conservative treatment was chosen. A clinical improvement was noted after 1-month antibiotherapy, confirmed by short-term and 6-month imaging follow-up showing the complete disappearance of all previously observed abnormalities.
Topics: Adult; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Prevotella nigrescens; Tietze's Syndrome
PubMed: 30683976
DOI: 10.1007/s00256-019-3148-0 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2023Titanium implants are regarded as a promising treatment modality for replacing missing teeth. Osteointegration and antibacterial properties are both desirable...
Vapor-Induced Pore-Forming Atmospheric-Plasma-Sprayed Zinc-, Strontium-, and Magnesium-Doped Hydroxyapatite Coatings on Titanium Implants Enhance New Bone Formation-An In Vivo and In Vitro Investigation.
OBJECTIVES
Titanium implants are regarded as a promising treatment modality for replacing missing teeth. Osteointegration and antibacterial properties are both desirable characteristics for titanium dental implants. The aim of this study was to create zinc (Zn)-, strontium (Sr)-, and magnesium (Mg)-multidoped hydroxyapatite (HAp) porous coatings, including HAp, Zn-doped HAp, and Zn-Sr-Mg-doped HAp, on titanium discs and implants using the vapor-induced pore-forming atmospheric plasma spraying (VIPF-APS) technique.
METHODS
The mRNA and protein levels of osteogenesis-associated genes such as collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), decorin (DCN), osteoprotegerin (TNFRSF11B), and osteopontin (SPP1) were examined in human embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells. The antibacterial effects against periodontal bacteria, including and , were investigated. In addition, a rat animal model was used to evaluate new bone formation via histologic examination and micro-computed tomography (CT).
RESULTS
The ZnSrMg-HAp group was the most effective at inducing mRNA and protein expression of TNFRSF11B and SPP1 after 7 days of incubation, and TNFRSF11B and DCN after 11 days of incubation. In addition, both the ZnSrMg-HAp and Zn-HAp groups were effective against and . Furthermore, according to both in vitro studies and histologic findings, the ZnSrMg-HAp group exhibited the most prominent osteogenesis and concentrated bone growth along implant threads.
SIGNIFICANCE
A porous ZnSrMg-HAp coating using VIPF-APS could serve as a novel technique for coating titanium implant surfaces and preventing further bacterial infection.
Topics: Rats; Humans; Animals; Durapatite; Osteogenesis; Titanium; Magnesium; Zinc; X-Ray Microtomography; Hydroxyapatites; Gases; Strontium; Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Surface Properties
PubMed: 36902368
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054933 -
General Dentistry 2020Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been used in management of dentinal hypersensitivity and dental caries. This in vitro study evaluated the antimicrobial effects of SDF...
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been used in management of dentinal hypersensitivity and dental caries. This in vitro study evaluated the antimicrobial effects of SDF on subgingival microorganisms from severe human periodontitis lesions. Subgingival biofilm specimens from 24 adults with severe periodontitis were mixed in vitro with 19% or 38% SDF or left untreated (n = 24 per group) and then inoculated on enriched Brucella blood agar with anaerobic incubation. Selected red- and orange-complex periodontal pathogens were phenotypically identified in the subgingival specimens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens, Parvimonas micra, Campylobacter rectus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Streptococcus constellatus. Other microbial species recovered from SDF-treated specimens were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption- ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The SDF-treated specimens yielded significantly lower mean total viable counts and significantly lower mean total cultivable proportional levels of red- and orange-complex periodontal pathogens (0.5%-0.6%) than did untreated specimens (25.9%) (P < 0.001). The only red- and orange-complex species recovered from SDF-treated specimens were P micra (3 patients) and S constellatus (1 patient). The predominant cultivable isolates from SDF-treated specimens were Streptococcus oralis and other streptococci of relatively low periodontopathic and cariogenic potential. No statistically significant in vitro antimicrobial differences were found between 19% and 38% SDF against subgingival biofilm specimens. In this experiment, SDF exhibited substantial in vitro antimicrobial activity against putative periodontal pathogens from severe periodontitis lesions. The suppression of red- and orange-complex periodontal pathogens in subgingival biofilms by SDF treatment, along with the selection of SDF-resistant Streptococcus species that are associated with periodontal health, suggests a potential new therapeutic use for SDF in the management of human periodontal infections.
Topics: Adult; Dental Caries; Firmicutes; Fluorides, Topical; Humans; Microbiota; Periodontitis; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Silver Compounds
PubMed: 32857044
DOI: No ID Found -
ACS Chemical Biology Jun 2024Eliminating the core fucose from the -glycans of the Fc antibody segment by pathway engineering or enzymatic methods has been shown to enhance the potency of therapeutic...
Eliminating the core fucose from the -glycans of the Fc antibody segment by pathway engineering or enzymatic methods has been shown to enhance the potency of therapeutic antibodies, especially in the context of antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC). However, there is a significant challenge due to the limited defucosylation efficiency of commercially available α-l-fucosidases. In this study, we report a unique α-l-fucosidase (fucA) from the bacterium that has a low sequence identity compared with all other known α-l-fucosidases and is highly reactive toward a core disaccharide substrate with fucose α(1,3)-, α (1,4)-and α(1,6)-linked to GlcNAc, and is less reactive toward the Fuc-α(1,2)-Gal on the terminal trisaccharide of the oligosaccharide Globo H (Bb3). The kinetic properties of the enzyme, such as its and , were determined and the optimized expression of fucA gave a yield exceeding 30 mg/L. The recombinant enzyme retained its full activity even after being incubated for 6 h at 37 °C. Moreover, it retained 92 and 87% of its activity after freezing and freeze-drying treatments, respectively, for over 28 days. In a representative glycoengineering of adalimumab (Humira), fucA showed remarkable hydrolytic efficiency in cleaving the α(1,6)-linked core fucose from FucGlcNAc on the antibody with a quantitative yield. This enabled the seamless incorporation of biantennary sialylglycans by Endo-S2 D184 M in a one-pot fashion to yield adalimumab in a homogeneous afucosylated glycoform with an improved binding affinity toward Fcγ receptor IIIa.
PubMed: 38912881
DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.4c00196 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Aug 2023Knowledge about the impact of gastroplasty on oral health and salivary biomarkers is limited. The aim was to prospectively evaluate oral health status, salivary...
OBJECTIVES
Knowledge about the impact of gastroplasty on oral health and salivary biomarkers is limited. The aim was to prospectively evaluate oral health status, salivary inflammatory markers, and microbiota in patients undergoing gastroplasty compared with a control group undergoing a dietary program.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty participants with obesity class II/III were included (20 individuals in each sex-matched group; 23-44 years). Dental status, salivary flow, buffering capacity, inflammatory cytokines, and uric acid were assessed. Salivary microbiological analysis (16S-rRNA sequencing) assessed the abundance of genus, species, and alpha diversity. Cluster analysis and mixed-model ANOVA were applied.
RESULTS
Oral health status, waist-to-hip ratio, and salivary alpha diversity were associated at baseline. A subtle improvement in food consumption markers was observed, although caries activity increased in both groups, and the gastroplasty group showed worse periodontal status after three months. IFNγ and IL10 levels decreased in the gastroplasty group at 3 months, while a decrease was observed in the control group at 6 months; IL6 decreased in both groups (p < 0.001). Salivary flow and buffering capacity did not change. Significant changes in Prevotella nigrescens and Porphyromonas endodontalis abundance were observed in both groups, while alpha diversity (Sobs, Chao1, Ace, Shannon, and Simpson) increased in the gastroplasty group.
CONCLUSIONS
Both interventions changed in different degrees the salivary inflammatory biomarkers and microbiota, but did not improve the periodontal status after 6 months.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Although the observed discrete improvement in dietary habits, caries activity increased with no clinical improvement in the periodontal status, emphasizing the need of oral health monitoring during obesity treatment.
Topics: Humans; Oral Health; Saliva; Gastroplasty; Dental Caries; Research Design; Microbiota; Obesity; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 37294353
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05101-3 -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2019Type-2-Diabetes (T2D) and Periodontitis are major inflammatory diseases. However, not much is known about the specific subgingival microbiota in Mexicans with diabetes...
BACKGROUND
Type-2-Diabetes (T2D) and Periodontitis are major inflammatory diseases. However, not much is known about the specific subgingival microbiota in Mexicans with diabetes and metabolic dysbiosis. The aim of this study was to describe the subgingival microbiota of Mexicans with T2D and the different periodontal and metabolic conditions, through "Checkerboard" DNA-DNA hybridization.
METHODS
Subjects were divided into two groups-periodontal-health (PH) (PH_non-T2D; = 59, PH_T2D; = 14) and generalized-periodontitis (GP) (GP_non-T2D; = 67, GP_T2D; = 38). Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m) and serum levels of glycated-hemoglobin (HbA1c), total-lipids, triglycerides, total-cholesterol, high-density-lipids, and low-density-lipids were measured for the T2D individuals. Subgingival microbial identification was processed for 40 species through DNA-probes.
RESULTS
Subjects with T2D harbored significantly higher mean total levels (PH: < 0.001, and GP_NS), a lower proportion of "red" complex (GP: < 0.01), a higher proportion of "yellow" (GP; < 0.001), and "orange" (GP; < 0.01) complex than the non-T2D. GP_T2D individuals exhibited a greater proportion of putative-species- and ( < 0.001), and and ( < 0.01), than GP_non-T2D. T2D individuals with HbA1c > 8% had presented significantly higher mean pocket-depth and higher levels of ( < 0.05) and those with obesity or dyslipidemia harbored higher levels, prevalence, or proportion of sp., sp., and sp.
CONCLUSIONS
T2D individuals harbored a particular microbial profile different to non-T2D microbiota. Metabolic control was related to dysbiosis of microbiota-HbA1c>8% related to periodontitis and obesity or dyslipidemia with the predominance of saccharolytic bacteria, irrespective of their periodontal condition.
Topics: Adult; Bacteria; Campylobacter; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Gingival Diseases; Humans; Male; Mexico; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Periodontitis
PubMed: 31480468
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173184 -
Natural Product Research Nov 2020is a tree species that naturally occurs in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. This paper aims to investigate the chemical composition and antibacterial, antileishmanial and...
is a tree species that naturally occurs in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. This paper aims to investigate the chemical composition and antibacterial, antileishmanial and antiproliferative activities of essential oil from leaves (NM-EO). It displayed high antibacterial activity against , and . NM-EO also exhibited high antileishmanial activity against promastigote forms of . Its antiproliferative activity was evaluated against the following cells: GM07429A (normal cell), MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma), HeLa (human cervical adenocarcinoma) and M059J (human glioblastoma). Its major components, which were determined by GC-FID and GC-MS, were α-bisabolol (13.7%), bicyclogermacrene (10.9%), (,)-farnesene (10.6%), -caryophyllene (9.5%) and ()-β-farnesene (7.0%). These results suggest that , a Brazilian plant, shows initial evidence of a new and alternative source of substances of medicinal interest.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antiprotozoal Agents; Brazil; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Lauraceae; Leishmania; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; Oils, Volatile; Plant Leaves; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes
PubMed: 31084218
DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1608539 -
European Journal of Medical Research Jun 2024The use of probiotics could promote the balance of the subgingival microbiota to contribute to periodontal health. This study aimed to identify the potential of bacteria...
OBJECTIVES
The use of probiotics could promote the balance of the subgingival microbiota to contribute to periodontal health. This study aimed to identify the potential of bacteria commonly associated with healthy periodontal tissues as probiotic candidates.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines using the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Ovid databases as well as the combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and non-MeSH terms. Based on the selection criteria, original studies published in English and identifying the microorganisms present in the periodontium of healthy individuals and patients with periodontitis using the high-throughput 16S ribosomal gene sequencing technique were included.
RESULTS
Out of 659 articles, 12 met the criteria for this review. These articles were published from 2012 to 2020 and mainly originated from the United States, China, and Spain. Most of these studies reported adequate criteria for selecting participants, using standardized clinical criteria, and compliance with quality based on the tools used. In periodontal healthy tissue were identified species like Actinomyces viscosus, Actinomyces naeslundii, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Rothia dentocariosa, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus intermedius, and Prevotella nigrescens which have recognized strains with a capacity to inhibit periodontopathogens.
CONCLUSIONS
S. sanguinis, S. oralis, S. mitis, and S. gordonii are among the bacterial species proposed as potential probiotics because some strains can inhibit periodontopathogens and have been reported as safe for humans.
Topics: Humans; Probiotics; Periodontium; Periodontitis; Bacteria; Microbiota
PubMed: 38877601
DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01908-2 -
Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni Apr 2020Prevotella species, being members of the human microbiota, are obligate anaerobic gram-negative bacteria. These organisms may cause opportunistic infections, including...
Prevotella species, being members of the human microbiota, are obligate anaerobic gram-negative bacteria. These organisms may cause opportunistic infections, including specific oral infections, local or systemic infections. A significant increase of resistance to some antimicrobials has been detected among Prevotella species. The frequency of resistance vary among isolates from different infection sources and between geographic locations. The knowledge about the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of different Prevotella species is limited in Turkey. Providing the antimicrobial susceptibility data of these bacteria is very important for effective empirical treatment. In this study, we aimed to determine susceptibility data for 12 antimicrobial agents against Prevotella strains originating from human infections, collected in two centers in Turkey. A total of 118 Prevotella strains, isolated from different clinical samples in Marmara University Faculty of Medicine Medical Microbiology and Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry Oral Microbiology Laboratories between January 2014-December 2017, were tested. Organisms were identified by using MALDI-TOF MS and by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Minimal inhibitor concentrations of ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoxitin, meropenem, imipenem, clindamycin, tetracycline, tigecycline, moxifloxacin and metronidazole were determined using gradiyent test methodology (E-test; bioMerieux, France) and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute and Food and Drug Administration guidelines were used for interpretation. Thirteen different Prevotella species were identified, Prevotella bivia and Prevotella nigrescens were the most prevalent species (n= 21) followed by Prevotella buccae (n= 19). All Prevotella strains were susceptible to piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoxitin, meropenem, imipenem and tigecycline. A total of 2 (1.7%) isolates were resistant to metronidazole and 1 (0.8%) isolate was intermediately resistant to ampicillin/sulbactam. The frequency of resistant isolates against ampicillin, clindamycin, tetracycline and moxifloxacin were 57.6%, 36.4%, 18% and 16.3%, respectively. In conclusion, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoxitin, and tigecycline displayed high in vitro activity against Prevotella spp. and they all remained good candidates for empiric therapy. Imipenem and meropenem were also found to be very active, but the usage of carbapenems should be reserved for serious mixed infections, potentially accompanied by other resistant organisms. Intermediate resistance to ampicillinsulbactam and the resistance against metronidazole emphasized the need of periodic monitoring of their susceptibility patterns. The high rates of non-susceptibility to ampicillin, clindamycin, tetracycline and moxifloxacin indicated that these antimicrobials should not be used for treatment of infections without prior antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Prevotella; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Turkey
PubMed: 32723280
DOI: 10.5578/mb.69309