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Cell Reports. Medicine Oct 2023To construct a urine extracellular vesicle long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) classifier that can detect high-grade prostate cancer (PCa) of grade group 2 or greater and...
To construct a urine extracellular vesicle long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) classifier that can detect high-grade prostate cancer (PCa) of grade group 2 or greater and estimate the risk of progression during active surveillance, we identify high-grade PCa-specific lncRNAs by combined analyses of cohorts from TAHSY, TCGA, and the GEO database. We develop and validate a 3-lncRNA diagnostic model (C, being made of AC015987.1, CTD-2589M5.4, RP11-363E6.3) that can detect high-grade PCa. C shows higher accuracy than prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3), multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), and two risk calculators (Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial [PCPT]-RC 2.0 and European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer [ERSPC]-RC) in the training cohort (n = 350), two independent cohorts (n = 232; n = 251), and TCGA cohort (n = 499). In the prospective active surveillance cohort (n = 182), C at diagnosis remains a powerful independent predictor for overall active surveillance progression. Thus, C is a potential biomarker for high-grade PCa and can also serve as a biomarker for improved selection of candidates for active surveillance.
Topics: Male; Humans; RNA, Long Noncoding; Prospective Studies; Prostatic Neoplasms; Neoplasm Grading; Biomarkers
PubMed: 37852185
DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101240 -
Pathology, Research and Practice Aug 2023Globally, prostate cancer (PC) is leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men worldwide. Despite significant advances in the treatment and management of this... (Review)
Review
Globally, prostate cancer (PC) is leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men worldwide. Despite significant advances in the treatment and management of this disease, the cure rates for PC remains low, largely due to late detection. PC detection is mostly reliant on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination (DRE); however, due to the low positive predictive value of current diagnostics, there is an urgent need to identify new accurate biomarkers. Recent studies support the biological role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the initiation and progression of PC, as well as their potential as novel biomarkers for patients' diagnosis, prognosis, and disease relapse. In the advanced stages, cancer-cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) may constitute a significant part of circulating vesicles and cause detectable changes in the plasma vesicular miRNA profile. Recent computational model for the identification of miRNA biomarkers discussed. In addition, accumulating evidence indicates that miRNAs can be utilized to target PC cells. In this article, the current understanding of the role of microRNAs and exosomes in the pathogenesis and their significance in PC prognosis, early diagnosis, chemoresistance, and treatment are reviewed.
Topics: Male; Humans; MicroRNAs; Biomarkers, Tumor; Early Detection of Cancer; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prostatic Neoplasms; Prognosis
PubMed: 37331185
DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154618 -
AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology Jun 2020In this article, we discuss the evolving roles of imaging modalities in patients presenting with biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy. Multiple imaging... (Review)
Review
In this article, we discuss the evolving roles of imaging modalities in patients presenting with biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy. Multiple imaging modalities are currently available to evaluate patients with prostate cancer presenting with biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy. Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) focuses on the postsurgical bed as well as regional lymph nodes and bones. PET/CT studies using F-fluciclovine, C-choline, and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligands are useful in detecting locoregional and distant metastasis. Multiparametric MRI is preferred for patients with low risk of metastasis for localizing recurrence in prostate bed as well as pelvic lymph node and bone recurrence. Moreover, mpMRI aids in guiding biopsy and additional salvage treatments. For patients with high risk of metastatic disease, both mpMRI and whole-body PET/CT may be performed. PET/MRI using Ga-PSMA has potential to enable a one-stop shop for local recurrence and metastatic disease evaluation, and clinical trials of PET/MRI are ongoing.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Contrast Media; Humans; Lymph Node Excision; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatectomy; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radiopharmaceuticals; Whole Body Imaging
PubMed: 32130049
DOI: 10.2214/AJR.19.21905 -
Cancer Radiotherapie : Journal de La... Oct 2021Immunotherapy occupies a growing place in urologic oncology, mainly for kidney and bladder cancers. On the basis of encouraging preclinical work, the combination of... (Review)
Review
Immunotherapy occupies a growing place in urologic oncology, mainly for kidney and bladder cancers. On the basis of encouraging preclinical work, the combination of immunotherapy with radiotherapy aims to increase the tumor response, including in metastatic tumors, which raises many hopes, which this article reviews.
Topics: Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; Immunomodulation; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radiotherapy; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 34391648
DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2021.06.033 -
The Quarterly Journal of Nuclear... Sep 2021With the development of new imaging technologies and tracers, the applications of radioguided surgery for prostate cancer are growing rapidly. The current paper aims to...
With the development of new imaging technologies and tracers, the applications of radioguided surgery for prostate cancer are growing rapidly. The current paper aims to give an overview of the recent advances of radioguided surgery in the management of prostate cancer. We performed a literature search to give an overview of the current status of radioguided surgery for prostate cancer. Three modalities of radioguided surgery, the sentinel node procedure, Cerenkov Luminescence / beta-radio-guided surgery and radio-guided salvage surgery in recurrent prostate cancer, were reviewed in detail. Radioguided surgery for prostate cancer has shown promising value in the treatment of primary diagnosed prostate cancer and recurrent loco-regional lymph node positive prostate cancer. Advances have been made into minimal invasive (robot-assisted) laparoscopic surgery. The sentinel node procedure for prostate cancer has been further developed and is currently performed with high diagnostic sensitivity. Cerenkov luminescence imaging is a feasible and encouraging technique for intraoperative margin assessment in prostate cancer. Radioguided surgery in recurrent prostate cancer has shown to be feasible, yielding high sensitivity and specificity for detecting small local recurrences and metastases. With the availability of different new tracers, the road has been paved towards clinically feasible radioguided surgery for prostate cancer. Novel technologies now being developed for minimal invasive surgery are speeding up clinical research. Currently, none of the radioguided surgery techniques mentioned have been accepted as standard of care.
Topics: Humans; Lymph Nodes; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prostatic Neoplasms; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; Surgery, Computer-Assisted
PubMed: 34105337
DOI: 10.23736/S1824-4785.21.03348-3 -
Current Problems in Cancer Aug 2023Nearly 15% of individuals with localized prostate cancer are identified as high risk for recurrence and progression of the disease, which is why the correct staging is... (Review)
Review
Nearly 15% of individuals with localized prostate cancer are identified as high risk for recurrence and progression of the disease, which is why the correct staging is vital for the definition of correct treatment-also developing novel therapeutic strategies to find a balance between getting better outcomes without sacrificing the quality of life (QoL). In this narrative review, we introduced the current standards of staging and primary treatment of high-risk localized prostate cancer (PCa), based on international guidelines and arguments in the debate, under the light of the most recent literature. It brings essential tools such as PSMA PET/CT and different nomograms (Briganti. MSKCC, Gandaglia) for accurate staging and selecting wisely the definitive therapy. Even though there is a broad discussion over the best local treatment in curative-intent treatment, it looks more important to define which patient profile would adapt correctly to every different treatment, highlighting the benefits and superior outcomes with multimodal treatment.
Topics: Male; Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Quality of Life; Prostatic Neoplasms; Nomograms; Neoplasm Staging
PubMed: 37418998
DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.100993 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Oct 2023
Topics: Humans; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatectomy; Prostatic Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 37851879
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMe2309502 -
The Canadian Journal of Urology Oct 2020INTRODUCTION To interpret data and update the traditional categorization of prostate cancer in order to help treating clinicians make more informed decisions. These... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
INTRODUCTION To interpret data and update the traditional categorization of prostate cancer in order to help treating clinicians make more informed decisions. These updates include guidance regarding how to best use next generation imaging (NGI) with the caveat that the new imaging technologies are still a work in progress.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Literature review.
RESULTS
Critical goals in prostate cancer management include preventing or delaying emergence of distant metastases and progression to castration-resistant disease. Pathways for progression to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) involve transitional states: nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC), metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), and oligometastatic disease. Determination of clinical state depends in part on available imaging modalities. Currently, fluciclovine and gallium-68 (⁶⁸Ga) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) are the NGI approaches with the most favorable combination of availability, specificity, and sensitivity. PET imaging can be used to help guide treatment selection in most patients. NGI can help determine patients who are candidates for new treatments, most notably (next-generation androgen antagonists, eg, apalutamide, enzalutamide, darolutamide), that can delay progression to advanced disease.
CONCLUSIONS
It is important to achieve a consensus on new and more easily understood terminology to clearly and effectively describe prostate cancer and its progression to health care professionals and patients. It is also important that description of disease states make clear the need to initiate appropriate treatment. This may be particularly important for disease in transition to mCRPC.
Topics: Disease Progression; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Prostatic Neoplasms; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant
PubMed: 33049187
DOI: No ID Found -
Nature Communications Feb 2023Prostate cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease. Progression on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) to castration-resistant (CRPC), or neuroendocrine prostate cancer...
Prostate cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease. Progression on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) to castration-resistant (CRPC), or neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), is associated with poor patient survival. This comment highlights recent evidence on the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the emergence of lineage plasticity and neuroendocrine differentiation in treatment-resistant prostate tumors.
Topics: Male; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prostatic Neoplasms; Epigenesis, Genetic
PubMed: 36732329
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36253-1 -
Clinical Genitourinary Cancer Feb 2023Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) reflect a new promising approach in prostate cancer, even more so after the practice-changing results in other malignancies, either... (Review)
Review
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) reflect a new promising approach in prostate cancer, even more so after the practice-changing results in other malignancies, either hematologic or solid. ADCs consist of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeted at specific antigens overly expressed on cancer cells compared to normal cells. A cytotoxic payload is attached to the mAb using a stable linker. In prostate cancer, PSMA, STEAP1, TROP2, CD46 and B7-H3 are antigens currently being studied as targets for ADCs. In this paper, we discuss the composition of ADCs and focus on their application and challenges as treatment options in prostate cancer.
Topics: Male; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Prostatic Neoplasms; Antineoplastic Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Neoplasms; Antigens, Neoplasm; Oxidoreductases
PubMed: 35999150
DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2022.07.009