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Archives of Dermatological Research Dec 2023Vitiligo manifests as depigmented macules and patches on the skin and can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. Despite the availability of several treatment... (Review)
Review
Vitiligo manifests as depigmented macules and patches on the skin and can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. Despite the availability of several treatment modalities, rates of repigmentation can vary widely among individuals and disease subtypes. For patients with stable vitiligo who have not achieved satisfactory results with medical treatments, the melanocyte-keratinocyte transplantation procedure (MKTP) is a viable option. While variations of this autologous non-cultured cellular grafting procedure are performed by dermatologic surgeons worldwide and has shown good tolerability and effectiveness, it remains under utilized in the United States. We present a comprehensive overview of MKTP, highlighting evidence-based and practical techniques to enhance patient outcomes. By serving as a valuable resource, this review aims to support dermatologic surgeons seeking to incorporate MKTP into their practice and promote awareness regarding its benefits, ultimately fostering a more comprehensive approach to vitiligo care.
Topics: Humans; Vitiligo; Quality of Life; Keratinocytes; Skin; Melanocytes; Treatment Outcome; Skin Transplantation
PubMed: 38038734
DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02761-9 -
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Nov 2022The nail apparatus is the largest and most complex skin appendage. Defects in this unit can result in significant functional insufficiency and cosmetic disfigurement.... (Review)
Review
The nail apparatus is the largest and most complex skin appendage. Defects in this unit can result in significant functional insufficiency and cosmetic disfigurement. Common nail deformities include split nail, short nail, onycholysis, nail malalignment, hooked nail, and absent nail. Currently, surgical repair is the primary treatment for such deformities. Based on the etiological and anatomical classifications, one or more appropriate operations can be selected to repair nail unit deformities. These include autologous fat grafting, longitudinal cicatrectomy, Z-plasties, nail bed elongation, split-thickness sterile matrix grafting, volar V-Y advanced flap reconstruction, sterile matrix particle grafting, germinal matrix flaps, and germinal matrix grafting. This review discusses the fundamental classification of nail unit deformities, common reconstructive surgical techniques, and their features.
Topics: Humans; Surgical Flaps; Nails; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Nail Diseases; Skin Transplantation
PubMed: 35770304
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15198 -
Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North... May 2020Hair loss can be a debilitating condition, especially for individuals who already have chronic underlying medical conditions that complicate the treatment of hair loss.... (Review)
Review
Hair loss can be a debilitating condition, especially for individuals who already have chronic underlying medical conditions that complicate the treatment of hair loss. This article addresses the challenges posed by scarring alopecia in hair-loss treatment and the evidence-based practices that exist for hair transplantation in scarring alopecia.
Topics: Alopecia; Hair Follicle; Humans; Inflammation; Platelet-Rich Plasma; Skin Transplantation
PubMed: 32312504
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2020.01.001 -
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za... Jul 2023To summarize the research progress of surgical technique and immunosuppressive regimen of abdominal wall vascularized composite allograft transplantation in animals and... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To summarize the research progress of surgical technique and immunosuppressive regimen of abdominal wall vascularized composite allograft transplantation in animals and clinical practice.
METHODS
The literature on abdominal wall transplantation at home and abroad in recent years was extensively reviewed and analyzed.
RESULTS
This review includes animal and clinical studies. In animal studies, partial or total full-thickness abdominal wall transplantation models have been successfully established by researchers. Also, the use of thoracolumbar nerves has been described as an important method for functional reconstruction and prevention of long-term muscle atrophy in allogeneic abdominal wall transplantation. In clinical studies, researchers have utilized four revascularization techniques to perform abdominal wall transplantation, which has a high survival rate and a low incidence of complications.
CONCLUSION
Abdominal wall allotransplantation is a critical reconstructive option for the difficulty closure of complex abdominal wall defects. Realizing the recanalization of the nerve in transplanted abdominal wall to the recipient is very important for the functional recovery of the allograft. The developments of similar research are beneficial for the progress of abdominal wall allotransplantation.
Topics: Animals; Abdominal Wall; Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation; Transplantation, Homologous; Skin Transplantation; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
PubMed: 37460189
DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202302077 -
Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE Jun 2022The human skin xenograft model, in which human donor skin is transplanted onto an immunodeficient mouse host, is an important option for translational research in skin...
The human skin xenograft model, in which human donor skin is transplanted onto an immunodeficient mouse host, is an important option for translational research in skin immunology. Murine and human skin differ substantially in anatomy and immune cell composition. Therefore, traditional mouse models have limitations for dermatological research and drug discovery. However, successful xenotransplants are technically challenging and require optimal specimen and mouse graft site preparation for graft and host survival. The present protocol provides an optimized technique for transplanting human skin onto mice and discusses necessary considerations for downstream experimental aims. This report describes the appropriate preparation of a human donor skin sample, assembly of a surgical setup, mouse and surgical site preparation, skin transplantation, and post-surgical monitoring. Adherence to these methods allows for maintenance of xenografts for over 6 weeks post-surgery. The techniques outlined below allow maximum grafting efficiency due to the development of engineering controls, sterile technique, and pre- and post-surgical conditioning. Appropriate performance of the xenograft model results in long-lived human skin graft samples for experimental characterization of human skin and preclinical testing of compounds in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Heterografts; Humans; Immunity; Mice; Skin; Skin Transplantation; Transplantation, Heterologous
PubMed: 35848826
DOI: 10.3791/64040 -
Clinics in Plastic Surgery Apr 2021The perforator-plus flap is a new concept for lower extremity reconstruction. It combines a perforator flap with a traditional skin rotation flap. It can be another... (Review)
Review
The perforator-plus flap is a new concept for lower extremity reconstruction. It combines a perforator flap with a traditional skin rotation flap. It can be another option for lower extremity soft tissue defects since the flap has an augmented blood supply. The ability to detect cutaneous perforators has improved with the Duplex scan imaging technique. These advances have made the perforator-plus flap a viable option for soft tissue reconstruction. It can be versatile and reduces donor site morbidity; it is technically simple to perform and faster than traditional free flaps. It achieves durable soft tissue coverage for lower extremity wounds.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Lower Extremity; Male; Middle Aged; Perforator Flap; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Skin Transplantation; Soft Tissue Injuries
PubMed: 33674040
DOI: 10.1016/j.cps.2020.12.003 -
Open Veterinary Journal Oct 2023The recovery of auto skin graft is a dynamic and complex process that requires a suitable environment for vascularization as nutrition delivery to cells and donor skin...
BACKGROUND
The recovery of auto skin graft is a dynamic and complex process that requires a suitable environment for vascularization as nutrition delivery to cells and donor skin reception.
AIMS
This research aimed to determine the effect of Tilapia skin dressing on the recovery of auto skin graft treatment on domestic cats through subjective and objective observation.
METHODS
Six male Indonesian local cats aged 1-2 years old weighing 3-4 kg were separated into two groups. The surgical procedure was performed in a sterile and aseptic environment. The first surgery created wound defects on the forelimb area 2 × 2 cm in size to whole groups. The wounds were left for 4 days and then treated with the following treatments; Group I (G-I) was treated with Tilapia skin dressing, and Group II (G-II) was treated with moist dressing Sofra-tulle. The dressing of the two groups was replaced every 3 days and evaluated subjectively and objectively.
RESULTS
Subjective observation showed that skin was reddish (day 3), the bleeding test showed bleeding immediately occurred after incision, and pain response was observed on day 6 post-surgery on both treatment groups showed significantly differences with 95% confidence level ( < 0.05). Objective observation in the form of NaCl 0.9% absorption and medicine effect on auto skin graft did not show a significant difference between the two treatment groups ( > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Auto skin graft treatment by moist dressing showed better healing, but Tilapia skin dressing can be an alternative choice during auto skin graft treatment.
Topics: Male; Cats; Animals; Skin Transplantation; Tilapia; Bandages; Wound Healing; Administration, Cutaneous
PubMed: 38027407
DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i10.14 -
Journal of Burn Care & Research :... Jan 2023The self-assembled skin substitute (SASS) is an autologous bilayered skin substitute designed by our academic laboratory, the Laboratoire d'Organogenèse Expérimentale... (Review)
Review
The self-assembled skin substitute (SASS) is an autologous bilayered skin substitute designed by our academic laboratory, the Laboratoire d'Organogenèse Expérimentale (LOEX) to offer definitive treatment for patients lacking donor sites (unwounded skin) to cover their burn wounds. This product shows skin-like attributes, such as an autologous dermal and epidermal layer, and is easily manipulable by the surgeon. Its development stems from the need for skin replacement in high total body surface area burned survivors presenting few donor sites for standard split-thickness skin grafting. This review aims to present the history, successes, challenges, and current therapeutic indications of this skin substitute. We review the product's development history, before discussing current production techniques, as well as clinical use. The progression observed since the initial SASS production technique described in 1999, up to the most recent technique expresses significant advances made in the technical aspect of our product, such as the reduction of the production time. We then explore the efficacy and benefits of SASS over existing skin substitutes and discuss the outcomes of a recent study focusing on the successful treatment of 14 patients. Moreover, an ongoing cross-Canada study is further assessing the product's safety and efficacy. The limitations and technical challenges of SASS are also discussed.
Topics: Humans; Skin, Artificial; Burns; Skin; Skin Transplantation; Epidermis
PubMed: 36567476
DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irac074 -
Dermatologic Surgery : Official... Oct 2022Autologous fractional full-thickness skin grafting is a method of harvesting full-thickness skin with reduced donor site morbidity compared with conventional skin...
BACKGROUND
Autologous fractional full-thickness skin grafting is a method of harvesting full-thickness skin with reduced donor site morbidity compared with conventional skin grafting.
OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate that full-thickness skin microbiopsies can be harvested with minimal scarring or complications.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In a nonrandomized, self-controlled, pilot trial, subjects ( n = 8) underwent tissue harvesting of full-thickness skin columns of 200, 400, 500, 600, 800 μm, 1, and 2 mm diameters. The extent of scarring was measured by using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale and blinded evaluation of photographs at 6 weeks postprocedure. Pain visual analog scale (VAS) and side effects were recorded.
RESULTS
When present, scars were first observed after 2 to 4 weeks, much more often for wounds >400 μm ( p < .001). Blinded dermatologists increasingly identified clinical scarring on photographs with larger harvested microcolumn diameters ( p < .001). Median VAS pain score was 0 (range 0-4). All subjects rated the procedure safe and tolerable.
CONCLUSION
Harvesting full-thickness skin microcolumns is well-tolerated over a wide range of column diameters. At diameters of less than 500 μm, side effects including scarring are minimal.
Topics: Burns; Cicatrix; Humans; Pain; Skin; Skin Transplantation; Wound Healing
PubMed: 36036977
DOI: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003552 -
Trends in Biotechnology Mar 2020Great strides have been taken towards the in vitro engineering of clinically relevant tissue constructs using the classic triad of cells, materials, and biochemical... (Review)
Review
Great strides have been taken towards the in vitro engineering of clinically relevant tissue constructs using the classic triad of cells, materials, and biochemical factors. In this perspective, we highlight ways in which these elements can be manipulated or stimulated using a fourth component: the application of remote fields. This arena has gained great momentum over the last few years, with a recent surge of interest in using magnetic, optical, and acoustic fields to guide the organization of cells, materials, and biochemical factors. We summarize recent developments and trends in this arena and then lay out a series of challenges that we believe, if met, could enable the widespread adoption of remote fields in mainstream tissue engineering.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Cartilage; Humans; Magnetic Fields; Optical Tweezers; Optogenetics; Skin Transplantation; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds; Ultrasonics
PubMed: 31439372
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.07.005