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Pharmaceutics Jan 2022(1) Background: Colchicine is a natural alkaloid with anti-inflammatory properties used to treat various disorders, including some skin diseases. This paper aims to... (Review)
Review
(1) Background: Colchicine is a natural alkaloid with anti-inflammatory properties used to treat various disorders, including some skin diseases. This paper aims to incorporate all the available studies proposing colchicine as a treatment alternative in the management of cutaneous conditions. (2) Methods: In this systematic review, the available articles present in various databases (PubMed, Scopus-Embase, and Web of Science), proposing colchicine as a treatment for cutaneous pathological conditions, have been selected. Exclusion criteria included a non-English language and non-human studies. (3) Results: Ninety-six studies were included. Most of them were case reports and case series studies describing colchicine as single therapy, or in combination with other drugs. Hidradenitis suppurativa, pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema nodosum, erythema induratum, storage diseases, perforating dermatosis, bullous diseases, psoriasis, vasculitis, acne, urticaria, stomatitis, actinic keratosis, and pustular dermatosis were the main diseases discussed in literature. Although the therapeutic outcomes were variable, most of the studies reported, on average, good clinical results (4) Conclusions: Colchicine could be, as a single therapy or in combination with other drugs, a possible treatment to manage several skin diseases.
PubMed: 35214027
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020294 -
Cancer Treatment and Research... 2023Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) is one of the common toxic reactions from ionizing radiation and normal tissue injuries as a complication of radiation therapy... (Review)
Review
Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) is one of the common toxic reactions from ionizing radiation and normal tissue injuries as a complication of radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Radiation therapy is an option for the treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC). The use of natural products is an alternative therapy for RIOM. This review aimed to describe the effectiveness of natural-based products (NBPs) in reducing the severity, pain score, incidence, oral lesion size, and other symptoms such as dysphagia, dysarthria, and odynophagia. This systematic review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Ebscohost-CINAHL Plus databases were used for article searches. The inclusion criteria were studies published from 2012 to 2022 with full text available, in English, a study in humans, and a Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) that evaluate the effect of NBPs therapy in RIOM patients diagnosed with HNC. This study's population was HNC patients who had oral mucositis after receiving radiation or chemical therapy. The NBPs were manuka honey, thyme honey, aloe vera, calendula, zataria multiflora, Plantago major L., and turmeric. Eight of the twelve included articles showed significant effectiveness against RIOM in various parameters, such as a decrease in severity, incidence rate, pain score, oral lesion size, and the other symptoms of oral mucositis such as dysphagia and burning mouth syndrome. This review concludes that NBPs therapy is effective for RIOM in HNC patients.
Topics: Humans; Deglutition Disorders; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Radiation Injuries; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Stomatitis
PubMed: 37209466
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100720 -
Seizure Nov 2022Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are extensively used to manage epilepsy and other comorbidities associated with seizures. Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) has a strong... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are extensively used to manage epilepsy and other comorbidities associated with seizures. Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) has a strong association with AED-induced severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify, critically evaluate, and synthesize the best possible evidence on HLA-associated AED-induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS/TEN).
METHODS
MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched for literature from inception up to July 2022. We included case control studies analyzing association between HLA and AED-induced SJS/TEN. We assessed the studies' risk of bias in using Quality of genetic studies (Q-genie) tool. Outcomes focused on association (risk) between HLA and AED-induced SJS/TEN. The estimated risk was presented in the form of odds ratio (OR).
RESULTS
We included 37 studies (51,422 participants; 7027 cases and 44,395 controls). There was a significantly higher risk of Carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN with HLA-A (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.17), HLA-B (OR: 1.94; 95% CI: 1.45 to 2.58), HLA-C (OR: 7.83; 95% CI: 4.72 to 12.98), and HLA-DRB1 (OR: 2.82; 95% CI: 1.94 to 4.12). Lamotrigine-induced SJS/TEN posed a higher risk with HLA-A (OR: 2.38; 95% CI: 1.26 to 4.46) and HLA-B (OR: 2.79; 95% CI: 1.75 to 4.46). Phenytoin-induced SJS/TEN showed a higher risk with HLA-A (OR: 3.47; 95% CI: 2.17 to 5.56), HLA-B (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.38 to 2.15), and HLA-C (OR: 2.92; 95% CI: 1.77 to 4.83). Phenobarbital-induced SJS/TEN had a higher risk with HLA-A (OR: 6.98; 95% CI: 1.81 to 26.84), HLA-B (OR: 2.40; 95% CI: 1.39 to 4.17), and HLA-C (OR: 3.37; 95% CI: 1.03 to 11.01). Zonisamide-induced SJS/TEN was significantly associated with HLA-A*02:07 (OR: 9.77; 95% CI: 3.07 to 31.1), HLA-B*46:01 (OR: 6.73; 95% CI: 2.12 to 21.36), and HLA-DRB1×08:03 (OR: 3.78; 95% CI: 1.20 to 11.97). All other alleles of HLA were observed to have a non-significant association with AED-induced SJS/TEN. All included studies were of good quality, with a score of >50 and a mean score of 54.96 out of 77.
CONCLUSION
Our study showed a significant association between few variants of HLA alleles and AED-induced SJS/TEN. Evidences from our study could help in population-based studies and in implementation of individualized treatment regimens. These findings could be part of translational research helping in precision therapy.
Topics: Humans; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome; HLA-DRB1 Chains; HLA-C Antigens; Asian People; HLA-B Antigens; Anticonvulsants; HLA Antigens
PubMed: 36183454
DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2022.09.011 -
Oncotarget Oct 2020Alpelisib is a first-in-class α-specific phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of patients with estrogen receptor-positive metastatic... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Alpelisib is a first-in-class α-specific phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of patients with estrogen receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer. High absolute risk (AR) of relevant toxicities has been observed with this treatment. This meta-analysis aimed to improve the precision of the estimated AR of selected adverse events (AEs) associated with this new agent.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A literature search was conducted in August 2019 to identify trials analyzing the anti-tumor efficacy and toxicity profile of alpelisib. Heterogeneity was assessed by using statistics. Data were analyzed using random effect meta-analyses for AR. Eleven trials and 511 patients were included.
RESULTS
There was no evidence of heterogeneity between studies regarding the AR of most AEs except for all-grade weight loss and grade 3-4 stomatitis. The number of serious AEs was clearly reported in only one study, of which the most common was hyperglycemia; the most common all-grade AEs were hyperglycemia (59%), diarrhea (56%), nausea (44%), and rash (38%). Grade 3/4 hyperglycemia and rash occurred in 28% and 10% of patients, respectively. No treatment-associated deaths were observed, and 18% of patients had to stop treatment due to toxicities.
CONCLUSIONS
Alpelisib is associated with clinically relevant AEs that can lead to treatment discontinuation. The most common AE was hyperglycemia. No treatment-related deaths were observed.
PubMed: 33144920
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27770 -
BMC Oral Health Mar 2024Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) known as recurrent aphthous ulcer is a common and painful ulcerations in oral cavity. It has been suggested that hematological... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) known as recurrent aphthous ulcer is a common and painful ulcerations in oral cavity. It has been suggested that hematological parameters seems to be considered as an etiologic factor. So, this meta-analysis and systematic review was aimed to examine the relationship between RAS and hematological parameters.
METHODS
Relevant studies were found using online international databases including Scopus, Science direct, Web of science (ISI), PubMed, and Google Scholar search engine between 2000 and October 2023. The quality of all papers was determined by NOS checklist. Heterogeneity between the results of primary studies was evaluated with I-square index and publication bias was performed by Egger's test and funnel plots. Also, sensitivity analysis was done to check the effect of each of the primary studies on the overall estimate. Also, the statistical analyses were done using Stata software Ver. 11.
RESULTS
By combining the results of primary studies, the standardized mean difference (SMD) of vitamin B12, ferritin, folic acid, hemoglobin, iron and zinc indices with a 95% confidence interval (CI) between the case (patients with RAS) and control (Healthy) groups were estimated -0.52(-0.89, -0.14), -0.20(-0.51, 0.11), -0.42(-0.95, 0.11), -0.58(-0.90, -0.27), 0.01(-0.12, 0.15), -0.33(-0.81, 0.14) respectively. The patients with vitamin B12, ferritin, folic acid, and iron deficiencies and reduced hemoglobin (Hb) level reported 2.93(2.28, 3.78), 2.50(1.48, 4.22), 1.51(0.53, 4.29), 1.46(0.70, 3.03), and 2.14(1.38, 3.32), times more susceptible to develop RAS than healthy individuals.
CONCLUSION
The results of the meta-analysis indicated that the SMD of vitamin B12 serum and Hb levels in the case group was 52%. Our result have also showed that the odds ratio of vitamin B12, ferritin deficiencies, and decreased Hb level in case group was 2.93, 2.50, and 2.14 times more than healthy group.
Topics: Humans; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Folic Acid Deficiency; Folic Acid; Vitamin B 12; Hemoglobins; Ferritins
PubMed: 38493289
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04072-5 -
European Review For Medical and... Mar 2022Children undergoing chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may suffer from Oral mucositis. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to find the...
OBJECTIVE
Children undergoing chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may suffer from Oral mucositis. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to find the protocols which are used in the management of oral mucositis (OM) in children.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A search was performed to find the related studies. After reading the searched articles, 15 studies were selected for this review.
RESULTS
Good oral care, glutamine, some biological agents, and laser therapy, had a significant effect to reduce the pain sensation and occurrence of oral mucositis in children.
CONCLUSIONS
It has been concluded that there are many types of management, such as oral care and laser therapy, which can be used to reduce the severity of oral mucositis.
Topics: Child; Glutamine; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Laser Therapy; Low-Level Light Therapy; Mucositis; Stomatitis
PubMed: 35302212
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202203_28233 -
Viruses Feb 2021The exponential growth in the use of dental implants in the last decades has been accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of peri-implant disease. It appears that... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The exponential growth in the use of dental implants in the last decades has been accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of peri-implant disease. It appears that viruses may have pathogenic potential for the development of this pathology. The objective of this systematic review is to study the possible association between the presence of Epstein-Barr virus and the development of peri-implantitis. An electronic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scielo and Embase databases for cross-sectional and case-control studies in humans published up to and including 4 January 2021. Five studies were included in the qualitative analysis. The meta-analysis did not show a statistically significant difference regarding the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus in the peri-implant sulcus between implants with peri-implantitis and healthy implants. In conclusion, no association between the human herpesvirus 4 and peri-implantitis was found. Further research on this topic is essential to develop more effective treatments.
Topics: Dental Implants; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; Female; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Humans; Male; Peri-Implantitis; Prevalence; Stomatitis
PubMed: 33562820
DOI: 10.3390/v13020250 -
BMC Oral Health Oct 2023To evaluate the clinical efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct or alternative to traditional antifungal drugs in the treatment of oral candidiasis, and to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the clinical efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct or alternative to traditional antifungal drugs in the treatment of oral candidiasis, and to provide evidence-based medical evidence for its use in the treatment of oral candidiasis.
METHODS
Computer combined with manual retrieval of China Academic Journals Full-text Database (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Wanfang Database, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus retrieval for articles published before January 2023, basic information and required data were extracted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Revman V5.4 software was used to conduct Meta-analysis of the included literature.
RESULTS
A total of 11 articles were included, 7 of which used nystatin as an antifungal drug, 2 of which were combined treatment of PDT and nystatin, 2 of the remaining 4 articles were treated with fluconazole, and 2 were treated with miconazole. Meta results showed that PDT was superior to nystatin in reducing the number of oral candida colonies in the palate of patients MD = -0.87, 95%CI = (-1.52,-0.23), P = 0.008, the difference was statistically significant, and the denture site MD = -1.03, 95%CI = (-2.21, -0.15), P = 0.09, the difference was not statistically significant; compared with the efficacy of fluconazole, RR = 1.01, 95%CI = (0.56,1.83), P = 0.96; compared with miconazole RR = 0.55, 95%CI = (0.38, 0.81), P = 0.002; PDT combined with nystatin RR = 1.27, 95%CI = (1.06, 1.52), P = 0.01; recurrence rate RR = 0.28, 95%CI = (0.09, 0.88), P = 0.03.
CONCLUSIONS
PDT was effective in the treatment of oral candidiasis; PDT was more effective than nystatin for the treatment of denture stomatitis in the palate, while there was no significant difference between the two for the denture site; The efficacy of PDT for oral candidiasis was similar to that of fluconazole; PDT was less effective than miconazole for oral candidiasis; Compared with nystatin alone, the combination of PDT and nystatin is more effective in treating oral candidiasis with less risk of recurrence.
Topics: Humans; Candidiasis, Oral; Antifungal Agents; Nystatin; Fluconazole; Miconazole; Photochemotherapy
PubMed: 37884914
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03484-z -
Cureus Aug 2022The importance of oral care and its relationship with an individual's well-being has been identified over the past few decades. As there is a drastic increase in the... (Review)
Review
The importance of oral care and its relationship with an individual's well-being has been identified over the past few decades. As there is a drastic increase in the aging population, so did the use of removable dentures more than ever before. The use of dentures among the elderly provides functional advantages and esthetic benefits. However, improper use and poor oral hygiene with removable dentures come with complications, including denture stomatitis, ulcerations, pneumonia, and many more. The study aims to determine the complications associated with inappropriate use and poor oral care and bring forth evidence-based dentist-recommended guidelines for denture maintenance. Articles were systematically screened in PubMed/Medline (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), PubMed Central (PMC), and Cochrane Library using keywords. Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) was also utilized to identify relevant articles. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, duplicate articles were discarded, and then the articles were reviewed by title and abstract screening. The remaining articles went through a detailed full-text review. A quality appraisal check was conducted for each unique type of research publication, after which a total of 22 articles were finalized. In this study, we have seen pathological biofilm formation on dentures, life-threatening pneumonia, denture stomatitis, and accidental ingestion/aspiration of dentures amongst the elderly population. The study also identified members with low literacy rates, minorities, and low-income families seem to be at higher risk of poor oral care and denture hygiene. We identified that most of these complications could be prevented with proper guidance and education. In the future, a further detailed study is important as no clear consensus exists in terms of best practices of denture cleaning methods. In addition, measures should be initiated to encourage regular dentist appointments and increase accessibility among members of low socioeconomic status and minorities.
PubMed: 36148203
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28144 -
Integrative Cancer Therapies 2023Despite significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, many people across the world still suffer from this chronic disease and its complications.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Despite significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, many people across the world still suffer from this chronic disease and its complications. Chamomile as an herbal medicine has gained an increasing attention for relieving cancer complications. This study aimed to integrate and synthesize current international evidence regarding the effect of chamomile on cancer complications.
METHODS
A systematic review was undertaken. Five online databases including Web of Science, PubMed [including MEDLINE], Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Embase were searched and articles published from inception to January 2023 were retrieved. All clinical trials and similar interventional studies on human subjects examining the effects of chamomile on cancer complications were included in the review and research synthesis. Relevant data were extracted from eligible studies after quality appraisals using proper methodological tools. The review results were presented narratively given that meta-analysis was impossible.
RESULTS
A total of 2240 studies were retrieved during the search process, but 18 articles were selected. The total sample size was 1099 patients with cancer of which 622 participants were female. Fifteen studies used an RCT design. Various forms of chamomile were used such as mouthwash, topical material, tea, capsule, syrup and aromatherapy massage. Chamomile effectively reduced oral mucositis, skin complications, depression, and vomiting and also improved appetite and quality of life among cancer patients.
CONCLUSION
The use of chamomile as a non-pharmacologic and safe method can be helpful for mitigating cancer complications in patients with cancer. Therefore, it can be incorporated into routine care along with other therapeutic measures to reduce patients' suffering related to cancer.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER (PROSPERO)
CRD42022307887.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Chamomile; Massage; Neoplasms; Plant Extracts; Quality of Life; Stomatitis
PubMed: 37052390
DOI: 10.1177/15347354231164600