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Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2023is a Gram-negative bacterial species that causes disease in fish and is nowadays increasingly recurrent in enteric infections of humans. This study was performed to...
is a Gram-negative bacterial species that causes disease in fish and is nowadays increasingly recurrent in enteric infections of humans. This study was performed to characterize newly sequenced isolates by comparing them with complete genomes deposited at the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information). Nine isolates from fish, environments, and humans from the São Francisco Valley (Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil) were sequenced and compared with complete genomes available in public databases to gain insight into taxonomic assignment and to better understand virulence and resistance profiles of this species within the One Health context. One local genome and four NCBI genomes were misidentified as . A total of 239 virulence genes were identified in the local genomes, with most encoding adhesion, motility, and secretion systems. In total, 60 genes involved with resistance to 22 classes of antibiotics were identified in the genomes, including and . The results suggest that the use of methods such as ANI is essential to avoid misclassification of the genomes. The virulence content of from local isolates is similar to those complete genomes deposited at the NCBI. Genes encoding colistin resistance are widespread in the species, requiring greater attention for surveillance systems.
PubMed: 37370358
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12061039 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Mar 2024Aeromonas veronii is a very rare and highly pathogenic microorganism. We investigate the clinical characteristics and significance of endogenous endophthalmitis caused...
BACKGROUND
Aeromonas veronii is a very rare and highly pathogenic microorganism. We investigate the clinical characteristics and significance of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Aeromonas veronii in our patient.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 30-year-old Asian women with systemic lupus erythematosus, uremia, and hypertension developed acute infectious endophthalmitis caused by Aeromonas veronii. After emergency vitrectomy and antibiotic therapy, the clinical condition worsened requiring enucleation.
CONCLUSIONS
Aeromonas veronii can cause infection in the human eye, which can manifest as acute endophthalmitis. Early diagnosis and targeted therapy are important for successful treatment.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adult; Aeromonas veronii; Endophthalmitis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Vitrectomy; Aeromonas; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
PubMed: 38504363
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-024-04412-7 -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2020is a virulent fish pathogen that causes extensive economic losses in the aquaculture industry worldwide. In this study, a virulent strain of TH0426 was used to... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
is a virulent fish pathogen that causes extensive economic losses in the aquaculture industry worldwide. In this study, a virulent strain of TH0426 was used to establish an in vitro biofilm model. The results show that the biofilm-forming abilities of TH0426 were similar in different media, peaking under conditions of 20 °C and pH 6. Further, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics methods were used to compare the differential expression of between the biofilm and planktonic cells. The results show alterations in 277 proteins, with 130 being upregulated and 147 downregulated. Pathway analysis and GO (Gene Ontology) annotations indicated that these proteins are mainly involved in metabolic pathways and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and antibiotics. These proteins are the main factors affecting the adaptability of to its external environment. MRM (multiple reaction 27 monitoring) and qPCR (qPCR) were used to verify the differential proteins of the selected . This is the first report on the biofilm and planktonic cells of , thus contributing to studying the infection and pathogenesis of
Topics: Aeromonas veronii; Bacterial Proteins; Biofilms; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Proteomics
PubMed: 32093365
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041450 -
Microorganisms Jan 2023According to the findings of a sheep breeding farm in Shaanxi, China, 2.53% (15/594) of sheep exhibited respiratory (clinical) symptoms such as dyspnoea, nasal...
According to the findings of a sheep breeding farm in Shaanxi, China, 2.53% (15/594) of sheep exhibited respiratory (clinical) symptoms such as dyspnoea, nasal discharge, wet cough, fever, and progressive emaciation. Although multi-drug treatment strategies (including ampicillin, tylosin, florfenicol, and ceftiofur) have been attempted to improve clinical outcomes, they have only been met with limited success, with a mortality rate of 40%. Ultimately, () was identified as the causative pathogen for respiratory disease. The rates of symptomatic and asymptomatic sheep positive to were 64.28% (95% CI 52.25-76.31%) and 8.02% (95% CI 6.96-9.08%), respectively. Pathogenicity tests demonstrated that the is pathogenic to sheep and mice. The results of the antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed that the strain was sensitive to cefotaxime, gentamicin, and enrofloxacin and resistant to ampicillin, ceftiofur, amoxicillin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, florfenicol, and tylosin. We suggest that the combination of cefotaxime and gentamicin is an effective treatment based on the results of an antimicrobial susceptibility test, which exhibited good therapeutic efficacy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in which pathogenic has been documented as the cause of death in sheep in China. We concluded that pathogenic poses a potential risk to the industry of sheep husbandry. This study's findings can help guide prevention and treatment plans for infection in sheep.
PubMed: 36838298
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020333 -
Journal of Food Protection Apr 2023In Mexico, bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) are produced as gourmet food. However, bullfrogs can be carriers of pathogens because the frogs' preferred living...
In Mexico, bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) are produced as gourmet food. However, bullfrogs can be carriers of pathogens because the frogs' preferred living conditions occur in stagnant water. The present study aimed to identify bacteria that cause foodborne diseases or are associated with human diseases. For molecular identification, based on the sequential analysis by 16S rRNA or rpoD was conducted on all isolates obtained from bullfrog. A total of 91 bacterial isolates were obtained from bullfrogs; 14 genera and 23 species were identified, including Acinetobacter johnsonii 16.5%; Aeromonas media 14.3%; Aeromonas veronii 13.2%; Providencia rettgeri 7.7%; Citrobacter freundii 6.6%; Aeromonas caviae 4.4%; Aeromonas hydrophila and Elizabethkingia ursingii 3.3%; Pseudomonas stutzeri, Raoultella ornithinolytica, and Shewanella putrefaciens 2.2%; Acinetobacter guillouiae, Acinetobacter pseudolwoffii, Citrobacter portucalensis, Citrobacter werkmanii, Edwardsiella anguillarum, Klebsiella michiganensis, Kluyvera intermedia, Kocuria rosea, Myroides odoratimimus, Myroides odoratus, Proteus sp., and Proteus hauseri 1.1%. In this study, 49.4% of the isolates obtained cause foodborne disease, 19.8% are bacteria that play an important role in the spoilage of food, 5.5% of isolates have nosocomial significance, 13.2% of bacteria are considered to be pollutants of the ecosystem, and in the case of A. salmonicida and Edwardsiella anguillarum (12.1%) to have a negative impact on aquaculture. Acinetobacter pseudolwoffii and Citrobacter portucalensis have not been reported to cause disease. Lastly of these isolates, 97.8% (89/91) can cause disease by food consumption or by direct contact for immunocompromised persons. The presence of these bacteria in bullfrogs represents a significant problem for human health. There is evidence that these microorganisms are pathogenic and frogs may also be reservoirs.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Rana catesbeiana; Ecosystem; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Foodborne Diseases
PubMed: 36948016
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100067 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022species are Gram-negative bacteria that infect various living organisms and are ubiquitously found in different aquatic environments. In this study, we used whole...
species are Gram-negative bacteria that infect various living organisms and are ubiquitously found in different aquatic environments. In this study, we used whole genome sequencing (WGS) to identify and compare the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, integrons, transposases and plasmids found in , and isolated from Indian major carp (, Indian carp (, catfish () and Nile tilapia () sampled in India. To gain a wider comparison, we included 11 whole genome sequences of spp. from different host species in India deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Our findings show that all 15 sequences examined had multiple AMR genes of which the Ambler classes B, C and D β-lactamase genes were the most dominant. The high similarity of AMR genes in the sequences obtained from different host species point to interspecies transmission of AMR genes. Our findings also show that all sequences examined encoded several multidrug efflux-pump proteins. As for genes linked to mobile genetic elements (MBE), only the class I integrase was detected from two fish isolates, while all transposases detected belonged to the insertion sequence (IS) family. Only seven of the 15 sequences examined had plasmids and none of the plasmids encoded AMR genes. In summary, our findings show that spp. isolated from different host species in India carry multiple AMR genes. Thus, we advocate that the control of AMR caused by spp. in India should be based on a One Health approach.
PubMed: 36532495
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1008870 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2021This prospective study aimed to investigate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of different species. Clinical isolates of species between 2016 to 2018...
Pancreaticobiliary Cancers and Aeromonas Isolates Carrying Type Ⅲ Secretion System Genes Are Associated With Increased Mortality: An Analysis of 164 Aeromonas Infection Episodes in Southern Taiwan.
This prospective study aimed to investigate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of different species. Clinical isolates of species between 2016 to 2018 were collected in a university hospital in southern Taiwan. The species was determined by or sequencing. A total of 222 isolates from 160 patients in 164 episodes were identified. The crude in-hospital mortality was 17.2%. The most frequently isolated species was (30.6%), followed by (24.8%), (23%), and (16.7%). The major clinical manifestations were primary bacteremia (31.1%), skin and soft tissue infection (22.6%), and biliary tract infection (18.3%). The most common underlying diseases were malignancy (45.1%), diabetes mellitus (27.4%), and liver cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis (26.2%). and predominated in the skin and soft tissue infection (p<0.0001), whereas and prevailed in primary bacteremia and biliary tract infections (p=0.012). Pneumonia, malignancy, and genotype were independent factors associated with mortality. Ertapenem susceptibility was decreased in (42.9%), (66.7%), (73%), and (84.3%). Cefotaxime resistance was found in 30.9% of and 18.9% of isolates, much more prevalent than the other species. The metallo-β-lactamase was almost invariably present in , , and (100%, 100% and 89.9%, respectively). Amp-C β-lactamases such as and were identified in all and 91.9% of isolates. Cefepime, fluoroquinolones and tigecycline showed good activity against aeromonads.
Topics: Aeromonas; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Neoplasms; Prospective Studies; Taiwan; Type III Secretion Systems
PubMed: 34737976
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.749269 -
International Journal of Molecular... Sep 2022Yellow catfish () is an important aquaculture fish susceptible to infection, which causes acute death resulting in huge economic losses. Understanding the molecular...
Yellow catfish () is an important aquaculture fish susceptible to infection, which causes acute death resulting in huge economic losses. Understanding the molecular processes of host immune defense is indispensable to disease control. Here, we conducted the integrated and comparative analyses of the transcriptome and metabolome of yellow catfish in response to infection at the invaded stage and recovering stage. The crosstalk between -induced genes and metabolites uncovered the key biomarkers and pathways that strongest contribute to different response strategies used by yellow catfish at corresponding defense stages. We found that at the invading stage, the immune defense was strengthened by synthesizing lipids with energy consumption to repair the skin defense line and accumulate lipid droplets promoting intracellular defense line; triggering an inflammatory response by elevating cytokine IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1β following PAMP-elicited mitochondrial signaling, which was enhanced by ROS produced by impaired mitochondria; and activating apoptosis by up-regulating caspase 3, 7 and 8 and Prostaglandin F1α, meanwhile down-regulating FoxO3 and BCL6. Apoptosis was further potentiated via oxidative stress caused by mitochondrial dysfunction and exceeding inflammatory response. Additionally, cell cycle arrest was observed. At the fish recovering stage, survival strategies including sugar catabolism with D-mannose decreasing; energy generation through the TCA cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation pathways; antioxidant protection by enhancing Glutathione (oxidized), Anserine, and α-ketoglutarate; cell proliferation by inducing Cyclin G2 and CDKN1B; and autophagy initiated by FoxO3, ATG8 and ATP6V1A were highlighted. This study provides a comprehensive picture of yellow catfish coping with infection, which adds new insights for deciphering molecular mechanisms underlying fish immunity and developing stage-specific disease control techniques in aquaculture.
Topics: Aeromonas veronii; Animals; Catfishes; Fish Diseases; Fish Proteins; Metabolome; Transcriptome
PubMed: 36077519
DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710121 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2020The sea bass, is commercially farmed in Zhuhai, located in the Guangdong Province of China. in aquaculture have suffered acute death, characterized by ulcerations on...
The sea bass, is commercially farmed in Zhuhai, located in the Guangdong Province of China. in aquaculture have suffered acute death, characterized by ulcerations on the body surface, congestion, and hemorrhage in internal organs such as liver, kidney, and spleen. The dominant infecting strain of bacteria isolated from the kidneys of diseased fish was identified as (strain 18BJ181). This identification was based on analysis of morphological, physiological, and biochemical features, as well as 16S rRNA and gene sequences. Drug sensitivity testing showed that the strain 18BJ181 isolate was resistant to four antibacterial drugs, including amoxicillin, madinomycin, penicillin and sulfamethoxazole, while moderately sensitive to erythromycin and rifampicin. The detection of growth characteristics showed that the strain 18BJ181 exhibited adaptability to the environment. In addition, some virulence genes, such as and , were detected in the strain 18BJ181. The median lethal dosage of the strain 18BJ181 isolate in was 8.5 × 10 and 4.2 × 10 cfu/g under the conditions of intraperitoneal injection and intramuscular injection, respectively. The experimentally induced infection showed that the 18BJ181 isolate caused considerable histological lesions in , including tissue degeneration, necrosis, and different degrees of hemorrhage. These results provided evidence for a more comprehensive understanding of strain 18BJ181 infection in .
PubMed: 33553279
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.600587 -
Pharmaceutics Jan 2022Colistin, a polycationic antimicrobial peptide, is one of the last-resort antibiotics for treating infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The...
Colistin, a polycationic antimicrobial peptide, is one of the last-resort antibiotics for treating infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial activity of colistin occurs through electrostatic interaction between the polycationic peptide group of colistin and the negatively charged phosphate groups of lipid A membrane. This study investigated the interaction of colistin with the outer membrane and surface constituents of resistant and susceptible strains of and harboring 1 resistance gene. Bacterial membrane and lipopolysaccharide used in this study were isolated from susceptible as well as colistin-resistant strains of and . Interaction of colistin with the bacterial surface was studied by deoxycholate and lysozyme sensitivity test, N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine (NPN) uptake assay, Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Zeta potential measurements and H NMR. The binding affinity of colistin was found to be lower with outer membrane from resistant strains in comparison with the susceptible strains. Colistin exposure enhances the outer membrane permeability of the susceptible strains to deoxycholate and lysozyme. However, on the other hand, colistin dose of 256 µg/mL did not permeabilize the outer membrane of resistant bacteria. The NPN permeability in resistant strains was greater in comparison with susceptible strains. Atomic force microscopy images depicted smooth, featherless and deformed membranes in treated susceptible cells. Contrary to the above, resistant treated cells displayed surface roughness topography even at 256 µg/mL colistin concentration. Surface charge alterations were confirmed by Zeta potential measurements as a function of the growth phase. Mid-logarithmic phase susceptible strains showed a greater negative charge than resistant strains upon exposure to colistin. However, there was no statistical variation in the Zeta potential measurements between resistant and susceptible strains at the stationary phase. NMR analysis revealed line broadening in susceptible strains with increasing colistin: LPS aggregates mass ratio. Moreover, resistant strains did not show line broadening for the outer membrane, even at the highest mass ratio. The findings of this study suggest that the resistant strains of and can block the electrostatic contact between the cationic peptide and anionic lipid A component that drives the first phase of colistin action, thereby preventing hydrophobically driven second-tier action of colistin on the outer lipopolysaccharide layer.
PubMed: 35214028
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020295