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Journal of Dentistry Nov 2022This review evaluated the effects of the acidic composition of self-etch (SE) adhesives at the long-term bond strengths to dentin and enamel. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
This review evaluated the effects of the acidic composition of self-etch (SE) adhesives at the long-term bond strengths to dentin and enamel.
DATA
The review followed the PRISMA Extension Statement for network meta-analysis. Studies were identified by a systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases.
STUDY SELECTION
The inclusion criteria were in vitro studies that evaluated bond strength data of samples analyzed at both immediate and long-term (after aging simulation) periods and that were bonded to sound dentin/enamel using SE adhesives, with at least one group of adhesives being based on 10-MDP (10-methacryloyloxy-decyl-dihydrogen-phosphate; control) and the other group being comprised of alternative acidic monomers. Statistical analyses were conducted using two methods: standard pairwise meta-analysis (SPMA) and Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA). Heterogeneity was assessed by using the Cochran Q test and I statistics.
RESULTS
From 5220 studies identified, 87 met the eligibility criteria and 83 were meta-analyzed. Seventeen adhesives were based on 10-MDP and 44 systems were based on alternative acids. The resin-dentin/enamel bonds were predominantly reduced after aging (∼84% of cases). From the SPMA findings, the following acidic compositions showed lower bond strength values (effect size: mean difference [MD] with 95% confidence interval [95% CI]) than 10-MDP: 4-META (MD -4.99, 95% CI: -7.21, -2.78; p<0.001); sulfonic acids (MD -9.59, 95% CI -12.19, -6.98; p<0.001); unspecified phosphate esters (MD -8.89, 95% CI -17.50, -0.28; p = 0.04); or mixed acids (MD -11.0, 95% CI -13.62, -8.38; p<0.001). The dental bonds were benefited from the presence of 10-MDP upon longer aging (>6 months). From the NMA probabilistic findings, adhesives based on 10-MDP and phosphonic acids ranked as having the best and the worst bonding potential to dentin, respectively. More than one composition (phosphonic acids and mixed acids) ranked similarly to 10-MDP in enamel. The studies scored as having moderate risk of bias (58.6%), followed by low (39.1%) and high (2.3%) risk of bias.
CONCLUSION
10-MDP is an outstanding acidic monomer that contributes to higher bonds to dentin at the long-term. In enamel, there is no evidence that one acidic composition prevails over the other.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The acidic composition of SE adhesives affects the resistance of dental bonds after simulated aging, with 10-MDP playing a significant role in the adhesion to dentin but not to the enamel.
REGISTRATION NUMBER
This report is registered at the Open Science Framework (osf.io/urtdf).
Topics: Dentin-Bonding Agents; Resin Cements; Dental Bonding; Dentin; Dental Cements; Network Meta-Analysis; Phosphorous Acids; Bayes Theorem; Materials Testing; Sulfonic Acids; Phosphates
PubMed: 36087873
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104283 -
Journal of Biomechanics Jan 2023This study sought to 1) investigate the spatial distribution of mineral density of dog dentin using µ-CT and 2) characterize the relationship between the elastic...
This study sought to 1) investigate the spatial distribution of mineral density of dog dentin using µ-CT and 2) characterize the relationship between the elastic modulus and mineral density of dog dentin using nanoindentation and µ-CT. Maxillary canine teeth of 10 mature dogs were scanned with a µ-CT then sectioned in the transverse and vertical planes and tested using nanoindentation. Spatial distribution of mineral density and elastic modulus was quantified. Results demonstrated significant spatial variation in mineral density and elastic modulus. Mineral density and elastic modulus generally increased from the dentin-pulp interface to the dentino-enamel junction and from the crown base to the crown tip. Significant site dependent correlations between mineral density and elastic modulus were determined (0.021 > R > 0.408). The results of this study suggest that while mineral density is a mediator of elastic modulus, other mediators such as collagen content may contribute to the mechanical behavior of dog dentin.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Elastic Modulus; Dentin; Tooth; Minerals; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Hardness
PubMed: 36638579
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111434 -
Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry Sep 2020To investigate dentin abrasivity and cleaning efficacy of novel/alternative toothpastes containing diamond particles, active carbon, sea salt or organic oils.
PURPOSE
To investigate dentin abrasivity and cleaning efficacy of novel/alternative toothpastes containing diamond particles, active carbon, sea salt or organic oils.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Seventy-two bovine dentin samples (for measuring abrasivity) and 60 human dentin samples (for assessing cleaning efficacy) were used in this study. Samples were divided into six groups as follows: group 1: Elmex Kariesschutz (hydrated silica); group 2: Lavera Neutral Zahngel (sea salt); group 3: Curaprox Black is White (active carbon); group 4: Swiss Smile Diamond Glow (diamond powder); group 5: Ringana Fresh Tooth Oil (hydrated silica); and group 6: artificial saliva. Samples were brushed for a total of 26 min at 120 strokes/min, replacing slurries (1 part respective toothpaste and 2 parts artificial saliva) every 2 min. Finally, abrasive dentin wear was measured profilometrically and cleaning efficacy planimetrically.
RESULTS
The highest abrasivity values were observed for Lavera Neutral Zahngel (sea salt 9.2 µm) and Elmex Kariesschutz group (hydrated silica 6.0 µm). The lowest abrasivity value was observed for Ringana Fresh Tooth Oil group (hydrated silica 1.3 µm). The highest cleaning efficacy was observed for Elmex Kariesschutz group (86.7%) and the lowest cleaning efficacy was observed for Ringana Fresh Tooth Oil group (31.3%).
CONCLUSION
The addition of diamond powder or active carbon to toothpastes could offer high cleaning efficacy with low dentin abrasivity. The addition of sea salt to traditional abrasives might cause high abrasive dentin wear without adding further cleaning benefit.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Dentin; Humans; Saliva, Artificial; Tooth Abrasion; Toothbrushing; Toothpastes
PubMed: 32895654
DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a45074 -
BMC Oral Health Sep 2022When evaluating the efficacy and safety of various desensitizing products in vitro, their mechanism of action and clinical utility should be considered during test model...
BACKGROUND
When evaluating the efficacy and safety of various desensitizing products in vitro, their mechanism of action and clinical utility should be considered during test model selection. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two desensitizers, an in-office use material and an at-home use material, on dentin specimen permeability, and their dentin barrier cytotoxicity with appropriate test models.
METHODS
Two materials, GLUMA desensitizer (GLU) containing glutaraldehyde and remineralizing and desensitizing gel (RD) containing sodium fluoride and fumed silica, were selected. Human dentin specimens were divided into three groups (n = 6): in groups 1 and 2, GLU was applied, and in group 3, RD was applied and immersed in artificial saliva (AS) for 24 h. Dentin specimen permeability before and after each treatment/post-treatment was measured using a hydraulic device under a pressure of 20 cm HO. The perfusion fluid was deionized water, except in group 2 where 2% bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used. The representative specimens before and after treatment from each group were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. To measure cytotoxicity, test materials were applied to the occlusal surfaces of human dentin disks under which three-dimensional cell scaffolds were placed. After 24-h contact within the test device, cell viability was measured via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays.
RESULTS
GLU significantly reduced the dentin permeability and occluded the dentinal tubules when 2% BSA was used as perfusion fluid. RD significantly reduced dentin permeability and occluded the tubules, but permeability rebounded after AS immersion. GLU significantly decreased cell viability, but RD was non-cytotoxic.
CONCLUSIONS
In vitro GLU application induced effective dentinal tubule occlusion only following the introduction of simulated dentinal fluid. RD provided effective tubule occlusion, but its full remineralization potential was not realized after a short period of immersion in AS. GLU may harm the pulp, whereas RD is sufficiently biocompatible.
Topics: Dentin; Dentin Desensitizing Agents; Dentin Permeability; Dentin Sensitivity; Humans; Materials Testing
PubMed: 36088323
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02424-7 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Sep 2022This in vitro study aimed to investigate the optical attenuation of light at 405, 660 and 780 nm sent through sound and carious human enamel and dentin, including...
OBJECTIVES
This in vitro study aimed to investigate the optical attenuation of light at 405, 660 and 780 nm sent through sound and carious human enamel and dentin, including respective individual caries zones, as well as microscopically sound-appearing tissue close to a carious lesion.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Collimated light transmission through sections of 1000-125-µm thickness was measured and used to calculate the attenuation coefficient (AC). The data were statistically analysed with a MANOVA and Tukey's HSD. Precise definition of measurement points enabled separate analysis within the microstructure of lesions: the outer and inner halves of enamel (D1, D2), the translucent zone (TZ) within dentin lesions and its adjacent layers, the enamel side of the translucent zone (ESTZ) and the pulpal side of the translucent zone (PSTZ).
RESULTS
The TZ could be distinguished from its adjacent layers and from caries-free dentin at 125 µm. Sound-appearing dentin close to caries lesions significantly differed from caries-free dentin at 125 µm. While sound and carious enamel exhibited a significant difference (p < 0.05), this result was not found for D1 and D2 enamel lesions (p > 0.05). At 405 nm, no difference was found between sound and carious dentin (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Light optical means enable the distinction between sound and carious tissue and to identify the microstructure of dentin caries partially as well as the presence of tertiary dentin formation. Information on sample thickness is indispensable when interpreting the AC.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Non-ionising light sources may be suitable to detect lesion progression and tertiary dentin.
Topics: Dental Caries; Dental Enamel; Dentin; Humans
PubMed: 35588022
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04541-7 -
Stem Cell Research & Therapy Jun 2021The dentin-pulp complex is essential for the long-term integrity and viability of teeth but it is susceptible to damage caused by external factors. Because traditional... (Review)
Review
The dentin-pulp complex is essential for the long-term integrity and viability of teeth but it is susceptible to damage caused by external factors. Because traditional approaches for preserving the dentin-pulp complex have various limitations, there is a need for novel methods for dentin-pulp complex reconstruction. The development of stem cell-based tissue engineering has given rise to the possibility of combining dental stem cells with a tissue-reparative microenvironment to promote dentin-pulp complex regeneration. Concentrated growth factor, a platelet concentrate, is a promising scaffold for the treatment of dentin-pulp complex disorders. Given its characteristics of autogenesis, convenience, usability, and biodegradability, concentrated growth factor has gained popularity in medical and dental fields for repairing bone defects and promoting soft-tissue healing. Numerous in vitro studies have demonstrated that concentrated growth factor can promote the proliferation and migration of dental stem cells. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the effects of concentrated growth factor on stem cells and its potential applications in dentin-pulp complex regeneration.
Topics: Dental Pulp; Dentin; Humans; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Stem Cells; Tissue Engineering; Tooth
PubMed: 34147130
DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02446-y -
Dental Materials Journal May 2022The aim of this study was to evaluate the crosslinking effect of the radio-frequency atmospheric-pressure glow discharge (RF-APGD) plasma jet treatment on dentin...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the crosslinking effect of the radio-frequency atmospheric-pressure glow discharge (RF-APGD) plasma jet treatment on dentin collagen. The dentin collagen was treated by an RF-APGD plasma jet with the gas temperature of 4°C under different treatment times, while the control was a non-treatment group. The dentin collagen was characterized in terms of atomic force microscopy-based nanoindentation, differential scanning calorimeter, Raman analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurement. The crosslinking effect of the plasma-treated dentin collagen was found compared to that of the control group. The elastic modulus and denaturation temperature of the dentin collagen after plasma treatment for 30 s were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.05). The RF-APGD plasma jet treatment can promote the crosslinking of the dentin collagen, which is of great significance to improve its mechanical and thermal stabilities.
Topics: Atmospheric Pressure; Collagen; Dentin; Elastic Modulus; Plasma Gases
PubMed: 35321973
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2021-207 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Nov 2021To review different modes of application of hydroxyapatite for treatment of dentin hypersensitivity via dentinal tubule occlusion.
OBJECTIVE
To review different modes of application of hydroxyapatite for treatment of dentin hypersensitivity via dentinal tubule occlusion.
METHODS
Literature search for the systematic review was done using key words 'hydroxyapatite and dentin hypersensitivity', 'hydroxyapatite and dentinal tubule occlusion', 'hydroxyapatite and dentin permeability', and 'dentinal tubule occlusion' on Pubmed, Science Direct and Web of Science databases for articles published over 10 years, from 2009 to 2018.
RESULTS
Of the 132 research articles initially identified, 97(73.5%) related to the 10-year study period. After detailed screening, 16(16.5%) studies were included. The results of in vitro studies showed that application of hydroxyapatite caused dentinal tubule occlusion leading to reduction in dentin permeability and reduction in dentin hypersensitivity.
CONCLUSIONS
Hydroxyapatite has the potential to reduce dentin hypersensitivity via dentinal tubule occlusion within 2-8 weeks.
Topics: Dentin; Dentin Sensitivity; Durapatite; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
PubMed: 34783744
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.01175 -
Brazilian Dental Journal 2023The objective of this study was to compare the activation of gelatinases in dentin-enamel junction (DEJ) and underlying dentin of permanent teeth after experimental...
The objective of this study was to compare the activation of gelatinases in dentin-enamel junction (DEJ) and underlying dentin of permanent teeth after experimental radiotherapy in conventional and hypofractionated modalities. Newly extracted third molars (n = 15) were divided into three experimental radiotherapy groups: control, conventional (CR), and hypofractionated (HR) (n = 5 per group). After in vitro exposure to ionizing radiation, following standardized protocols for each modality, a gelatinous substrate was incubated on the tooth slices (n = 10 per group). Activation of gelatinases was measured by in situ zymography, expressed in arbitrary fluorescence units (mm2) from three tooth regions: cervical, cuspal, and pit. Fluorescence intensity was compared among radiotherapy protocols and tooth regions in each protocol, considering a significance level of 5%. Considering all tooth regions, the fluorescence intensity of the CR group was higher than the HR and control groups, both in DEJ and underlying dentin (p <0.001). In addition, the fluorescence intensity was higher in underlying dentin when compared to DEJ in all groups (p <0.001). Considering each tooth region, a statistically significant difference between CR and HR was only observed in the pit region of underlying dentin (p <0.001). Significant and positive correlations between fluorescence intensities in DEJ and underlying dentin were also observed (p <0.001). Experimental radiotherapy influenced the activation of gelatinases, as well as exposure to the conventional protocol can trigger a higher activation of gelatinases when compared to hypofractionated, both in DEJ and underlying dentin.
Topics: Humans; Gelatinases; Dental Enamel; Dentin; Molar, Third
PubMed: 38133087
DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305542 -
Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society 2023To compare the effect of polymerization of resin-modified glass ionomer cement and dual-cure resin cement on the crystalline structure and to correlate it clinically...
Comparison and evaluation of the effect of polymerization of resin-modified glass ionomer cement and dual-cure resin cement on the crystalline structure of dentin using synchrotron X-ray diffraction and its clinical correlation with postoperative sensitivity.
AIM
To compare the effect of polymerization of resin-modified glass ionomer cement and dual-cure resin cement on the crystalline structure and to correlate it clinically with postoperative sensitivity.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
The evaluation of crystalline strain in the dentin slabs was done using Synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The post operative sensitivity was measured clinically using Schiff's sensitivity scale.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 44 extracted and noncarious premolars were collected. Dentin slabs of dimensions 2 mm × 2 mm × 1.5 mm were prepared from the buccal aspect of the extracted teeth. The dentin slabs were then divided into two groups, Group A dual-cured resin cement and Group B resin-modified glass ionomer cement was applied. The dentin slabs first underwent synchrotron X-ray diffraction before and after the application of cement. Forty-two patients who were undergoing complete metal fixed prostheses on vital posterior abutments were selected. In this, 21 vital abutments were included in each group. Tooth preparation and fabrication of complete metal prostheses were done in the conventional manner and cemented using the 2 luting cements in Groups A and B, respectively. Dentinal hypersensitivity was measured using Schiff 's scale, postcementation, after 1 week and 1 month.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Independent t-test was done for comparing the two cements in two cements in terms of lattice strain. Mann-Whitney U-test was done for comparing the cements with respect to dentinal hypersensitivity. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used for clinical correlation between dentinal hypersensitivity and crystalline strain.
RESULTS
The lattice strain generated in dual cure resin cement was higher than that in resin-modified glass ionomer cement and was statistically significant. Postcementation hypersensitivity was higher in dual-cured resin than resin-modified glass ionomer cement but was not statistically significant in the follow-up visits. Spearman's correlation coefficients did not reveal any significant clinical correlation between lattice strain and dentinal hypersensitivity.
CONCLUSION
Dual cure resin cements generate greater lattice strain as compared to resin modified glass ionomer cements.
Topics: Humans; Glass Ionomer Cements; Resin Cements; Polymerization; Synchrotrons; X-Ray Diffraction; Resins, Plant; Dentin
PubMed: 37102536
DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_84_22