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Trauma, Violence & Abuse Apr 2023COVID-19 outbreak and the followed confinement measures have raised concerns to specialists worldwide regarding the imminent increase in domestic violence cases. The... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
COVID-19 outbreak and the followed confinement measures have raised concerns to specialists worldwide regarding the imminent increase in domestic violence cases. The present systematic review aims to identify the international trends in domestic violence during the COVID-19 epidemic and to examine the possible differences among all population groups and different geographic areas worldwide.
METHOD
The following databases were accessed: DOAJ, ERIC, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Pubmed, PsycNet, and SCOPUS, up to July 22, 2020.
RESULTS
A total of 32 studies were considered eligible. Data from North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific Area, Africa, and worldwide researches were retrieved. COVID-19 has caused an increase in domestic violence cases, especially during the first week of the COVID-19 lockdown in each country. In children, however, although the specialists' estimations suggested an increase in child maltreatment and abuse cases, the rate of police and social services' reports has declined during the COVID-19 pandemic. School closures that isolated students at home seemed to have contributed to this decrease.
CONCLUSIONS
Domestic violence has been a considerable issue imposed by the COVID-19 epidemic to a worldwide context. The home confinement led to constant contact between perpetrators and victims, resulting in increased violence and decreased reports. In order to minimize such issues, prevention measures and supporting programs are necessary.
Topics: Humans; Child; COVID-19; Pandemics; Communicable Disease Control; Domestic Violence; Child Abuse
PubMed: 34402325
DOI: 10.1177/15248380211038690 -
Science Progress 2021COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on the 11th of March... (Review)
Review
COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on the 11th of March 2020, leading to some form of lockdown across almost all countries of the world. The extent of the global pandemic due to COVID-19 has a significant impact on our lives that must be studied carefully to combat it. This study highlights the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on crucial aspects of daily life globally, including; Food security, Global economy, Education, Tourism, hospitality, sports and leisure, Gender Relation, Domestic Violence/Abuse, Mental Health and Environmental air pollution through a systematic search of the literature. The COVID-19 global lockdown was initiated to stem the spread of the virus and 'flatten the curve' of the pandemic. However, the impact of the lockdown has had far-reaching effects in different strata of life, including; changes in the accessibility and structure of education delivery to students, food insecurity as a result of unavailability and fluctuation in prices, the depression of the global economy, increase in mental health challenges, wellbeing and quality of life amongst others. This review article highlights the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown across the globe. As the global lockdown is being lifted in a phased manner in various countries of the world, it is necessary to explore its impacts to understand its consequences comprehensively. This will guide future decisions that will be made in a possible future wave of the COVID-19 pandemic or other global disease outbreak.
Topics: COVID-19; Communicable Disease Control; Domestic Violence; Education; Environmental Pollution; Food Security; Global Health; Humans; Leisure Activities; Masks; Mental Health; Pandemics; Physical Distancing; Quarantine; SARS-CoV-2; Sports; Tourism
PubMed: 34061685
DOI: 10.1177/00368504211019854 -
Indian Journal of Medical Ethics 2021Episodes of domestic violence are incredibly more common than what is documented. While we have had a law against it in India since 2005, the prevalence of domestic...
Episodes of domestic violence are incredibly more common than what is documented. While we have had a law against it in India since 2005, the prevalence of domestic violence is high in India at close to 30 percent (as per National Family Health Survey, 2015-16). Yet, with interventions such as Dilaasa in Maharashtra, Bhoomika in Kerala, and Sukoon in Haryana - among others - visibility has increased; and so has support seeking behaviour. The narrative here is based on my personal observation - with some extensions from my imagination built in to give a structure to the narrative - which jarred as I saw how the consequences of violence can be so debilitating, how violence begets more violence*, becomes a question of contingent power; how it flows on through the survivor, creating more survivors.
Topics: Domestic Violence; Humans; India; Narration; Prevalence; Survivors
PubMed: 34666978
DOI: 10.20529/IJME.2021.032 -
Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal =... Oct 2019More than 1.5 billion people have been affected by crises over the last decade, especially the vulnerable groups including children and women, incurring economic losses...
More than 1.5 billion people have been affected by crises over the last decade, especially the vulnerable groups including children and women, incurring economic losses in excess of US$ 1.3 trillion. The Easter Mediterranean Region suffers from the greatest number of natural and man-made disasters and is especially prone to such events because of its geo-climactic characteristics with significant increase in the risk of disasters projected over the next two decades. In addition, it is home to many tenacious conflicts including insurgencies, ethnic tensions, and sectarian clashes with potential for further escalation. Such calamities not only lead to displaced populations and infrastructure damage, but also lead to breakdowns in health systems that permit disease outbreaks.
Topics: Africa, Northern; Anemia; Communicable Disease Control; Disaster Planning; Disease Outbreaks; Domestic Violence; Environment; Health Status; Humans; Infertility; Middle East; Politics; Warfare
PubMed: 31612965
DOI: 10.26719/2019.25.8.527 -
Indian Journal of Medical Ethics 2023Shraddha Walkar's horrific murder has rekindled the urgent issue of domestic violence and violence against women in India [1]. With women's bodies often becoming part of...
Shraddha Walkar's horrific murder has rekindled the urgent issue of domestic violence and violence against women in India [1]. With women's bodies often becoming part of a larger ideological and political narrative, Walkar's brutal murder was given a communal turn due to the interfaith nature of the relationship. The most visible manifestation of this was the attack by members of the Hindu Sena on the accused, Aaftab, while being taken from the forensic lab to Tihar jail [2], in the name of "protecting their women". The other line of attack was on live-in relationships as somehow being responsible for this violence. As feminist Urvashi Butalia [3] says, rather than acknowledging that mistakes in relationships can occur tragically, in all contexts, irrespective of who chooses the partner - the woman or her family - and across religion, class, or caste, there is a tendency to start challenging women's choices and imposing a "lesson": "Do not make your own decisions, abide by what the family says, we know better than you what you want". She also notes the UN Office on Drugs and Crimes estimate that nearly six out of every ten women (58%) who are intentionally killed, worldwide, are murdered by intimate partners or family members [3]. Marital rape is not even legally considered rape in India, and violent lynchings are often the response to women's choices.
Topics: Female; Humans; Police; Socioeconomic Factors; Domestic Violence; Crime; Rape; Intimate Partner Violence
PubMed: 36694393
DOI: 10.20529/IJME.2023.002 -
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 2022to identify scientific evidence on gender violence perpetrated against trans women. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
to identify scientific evidence on gender violence perpetrated against trans women.
METHODS
integrative review, carried out in June 2020, without time frame, in the Scopus, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, WoS, PsycInfo and LILACS databases. The controlled descriptors of DeCS, MeSH and their entry terms were used: "Transgender People", "Transgender", "Gender Identity", "Transsexuality", "Gender Violence", "Aggression", "Sexual Offenses", "Rape", "Violence", "Domestic Violence". The presentation and synthesis of the results were presented in the PRISMA-2009 flowchart.
RESULTS
the final sample, consisting of 16 articles, identified different types of violence (sexual, physical, verbal, psychological and financial), perpetrated by family members, strangers, police officers, intimate partners, health professionals, acquaintances, or friends.
CONCLUSIONS
trans women suffer violence and social exclusion that result from stigma and discrimination due to gender identity and result in unrestricted damage to physical health.
Topics: Domestic Violence; Female; Gender Identity; Gender-Based Violence; Humans; Intimate Partner Violence; Male; Sex Offenses; Transsexualism
PubMed: 35262561
DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0173 -
The Western Journal of Emergency... Jul 2023During the COVID-19 pandemic, as society struggled with increasing disease burden, economic hardships, and with disease morbidity and mortality, governments and... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
During the COVID-19 pandemic, as society struggled with increasing disease burden, economic hardships, and with disease morbidity and mortality, governments and institutions began implementing stay-at-home or shelter-in-place orders to help stop the spread of the virus. Although well-intentioned, one unintended adverse consequence was an increase in violence, abuse, and neglect.
METHODS
We reviewed the literature on the effect the pandemic had on domestic violence, child and elder abuse and neglect, human trafficking, and gun violence. In this paper we explore common themes and causes of this violence and offer suggestions to help mitigate risk during ongoing and future pandemics. Just as these forms of violence primarily target at-risk, vulnerable populations, so did pandemic-related violence target marginalized populations including women, children, Blacks, and those with lower socioeconomic status. This became, and remains, a public health crisis within a crisis. In early 2021, the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) Public Health and Injury Committee was tasked with reviewing the impact the pandemic had on violence and abuse as the result of a resolution passed at the 2020 ACEP Council meeting.
CONCLUSION
Measures meant to help control the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic had many unintended consequences and placed people at risk for violence. Emergency departments (ED), although stressed and strained during the pandemic, remain a safety net for survivors of violence. As we move out of this pandemic, hospitals and EDs need to focus on steps that can be taken to ensure they preserve and expand their ability to assist victims should another pandemic or global health crisis develop.
Topics: Child; Humans; Female; Aged; Pandemics; COVID-19; Domestic Violence; SARS-CoV-2; Emergency Service, Hospital
PubMed: 37527378
DOI: 10.5811/westjem.58405 -
International Journal of Law and... 2020A heightened risk of domestic violence has been associated with infection-reducing measures undertaken by governments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatric services... (Review)
Review
A heightened risk of domestic violence has been associated with infection-reducing measures undertaken by governments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatric services can play a key role in addressing this issue by (a) addressing certain risk factors for perpetration of domestic violence through, for example, assertive identification and management of substance misuse; (b) providing support, advocacy and treatment services for victims of domestic violence; and (c) multi-agency working to strengthen medical and social responses to domestic violence. At a time like this, it is important that multi-disciplinary mental health services are strengthened, rather than depleted, in order to address the pressing issues at hand.
Topics: Adult; Battered Women; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Domestic Violence; Female; Humans; Mental Health Services; Pandemics; Physician's Role; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32768101
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2020.101594 -
Asian Journal of Psychiatry Oct 2020
Topics: Battered Women; COVID-19; Causality; Domestic Violence; Economic Factors; Female; Humans; India; Intimate Partner Violence; Needs Assessment; Psychosocial Deprivation; SARS-CoV-2; Social Support; Social Work, Psychiatric; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 32574942
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102227 -
American Journal of Public Health May 2022
Topics: COVID-19; Domestic Violence; Humans; Intimate Partner Violence; Pandemics; Public Health; SARS-CoV-2; Violence
PubMed: 35417221
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2022.306753