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IJU Case Reports Jul 2023Megacalycosis is a rare disorder related to congenital underdevelopment of the renal papilla or structural defect of the renal calyces. Megacalycosis has a wide spectrum...
INTRODUCTION
Megacalycosis is a rare disorder related to congenital underdevelopment of the renal papilla or structural defect of the renal calyces. Megacalycosis has a wide spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from simple variants without any significance on renal function to severe complications. Any prevention strategy is recommended yet since megacalycosis is mostly asymptomatic and usually discovered either accidentally or as result of its complications.
CASE PRESENTATION
We observed megacalycosis progression in a young female with a single kidney toward progressive calyx dilatation for years, which ended in acute pyelonephritis. Conservative management, urinary drainage, and large-spectrum antibiotics were unsuccessful and nephrectomy was required.
CONCLUSION
This rare case and literature review add evidence to identify prognostic factors to select patients with a high risk of complications (single kidney, bilateral disease, female gender, associated genetic syndromes, vesicoureteral reflux, and contralateral renal disorder). One o more factors should activate close monitoring and prophylactic therapy if needed.
PubMed: 37405038
DOI: 10.1002/iju5.12597 -
Clinical Case Reports Feb 2021Recurrent UTI's represent a challenge for physicians and anatomic abnormalities should be investigated thoroughly in this setting. Not all urinary tract dilatations mean...
Recurrent UTI's represent a challenge for physicians and anatomic abnormalities should be investigated thoroughly in this setting. Not all urinary tract dilatations mean obstruction. Several entities can mimic hydronephrosis without actual interruption of urinary flow. Uniform calyceal dilatation without dilatation of pelvis and ureter suggests megacalycosis.
PubMed: 33598298
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3687 -
Hong Kong Medical Journal = Xianggang... Dec 2020
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Kidney Calices; Kidney Diseases; Medical Illustration; Radiography; Young Adult
PubMed: 33350970
DOI: 10.12809/hkmj208463 -
Urology Case Reports Sep 2022What happens when kidney stone clearance is not feasible? We report the case of a 46-year-old male who presented for review with bilateral congenital non-obstructive...
What happens when kidney stone clearance is not feasible? We report the case of a 46-year-old male who presented for review with bilateral congenital non-obstructive calyceal dilatation (megacalycosis) and high volume bilateral renal calculi in the setting of stage four chronic kidney disease. Since complete stone clearance was deemed futile, thus a consensus was made between Urology and Nephrology, and treatment goals were focused on addressing symptoms, preserving renal function and preventing urinary tract infections until renal transplantation is needed. This case highlights that for some patients with severe complex kidney stone disease, an alternative management plan is needed.
PubMed: 35795248
DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2022.102146