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NeuroImage Feb 2020Neuroimaging has revealed numerous neural predictors of individual differences in creativity; however, with most of these identified in only one study, sometimes...
Neuroimaging has revealed numerous neural predictors of individual differences in creativity; however, with most of these identified in only one study, sometimes involving very small samples, their reliability is uncertain. To contribute to a convergent cognitive neuroscience of creativity, we conducted a pre-registered conceptual replication and extension study in which we assessed previously reported predictors of creativity using a multimodal approach, incorporating volumetric, white matter, and functional connectivity neuroimaging data. We assessed sets of pre-registered predictors against prevailing measures of creativity, including visual and verbal tests of divergent thinking, everyday creative behaviour, and creative achievement. We then conducted whole-brain exploratory analyses. Greater creativity was broadly predicted by features of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and inferior parietal lobe (IPL), including both local grey matter and white matter predictors in the IFG, the superior longitudinal fasciculus that connects them, and IFG-IPL functional connectivity. As IFG and IPL are important nodes within executive control and default mode networks (DMN), respectively, this result supports the view that executive modulation of DMN activity optimizes creative ideation. Furthermore, white matter integrity of the basal ganglia was also a generalizable creativity predictor, and exploratory analyses revealed the anterior lobe of the cerebellum and the parahippocampal gyrus to both be reliable predictors of creativity across neuroimaging modalities. This pattern aligns with proposals ascribing roles of working and long-term memory to problem-solving and imagination. Overall, our findings help to consolidate some, but not all, neural correlates of individual differences that have been discussed in the cognitive neuroimaging of creativity, yielding a subset that appear particularly promising for focused future investigation.
Topics: Adult; Brain; Cerebellum; Connectome; Creativity; Gray Matter; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Nerve Net; Parahippocampal Gyrus; Parietal Lobe; Prefrontal Cortex; White Matter
PubMed: 31654758
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116292 -
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 2022Previous research has found that women with second pregnancy may have an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction. This study aims to investigate the intrinsic functional...
PURPOSE
Previous research has found that women with second pregnancy may have an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction. This study aims to investigate the intrinsic functional connectivity (FC) pattern of the DMN anchored on posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in postpartum women, especially the parous women using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).
METHODS
Twenty parous women, 26 primiparous women, and 30 nulliparous women were included for rs-fMRI scan. They were age and education well matched. A seed based FC method was conducted to reveal FC patterns with other brain regions using a region of interest in the PCC. The relationships between FC patterns and cognitive performance were further detected.
RESULTS
Relative to primiparous women, parous women had significantly decreased FC primarily between the PCC and the right middle frontal gyrus and right parahippocampal gyrus. The decreased FC to the right parahippocampal gyrus in parous women was positively associated with the reduced DST scores (rho = 0.524, = 0.031). Moreover, parous women compared with nulliparous women showed significantly decreased FC between the PCC and the left superior frontal gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus. The reduced FC to the left superior frontal gyrus in parous women was also positively associated with the lower DST scores (rho = 0.550, = 0.022).
CONCLUSION
Our result highlights that women with second pregnancy revealed decreased FC between the DMN regions with the parahippocampal gyrus and prefrontal cortex, which was correlated with specific impaired cognitive function. This study may provide new insights into the neuropathological mechanisms of postpartum cognitive impairment and enhance our understanding of the neurobiological aspects during postpartum period.
PubMed: 36072487
DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.963943 -
Neuroreport Apr 2023Brain network abnormalities in emotional response exist in bipolar mania. However, few studies have been published on network degree centrality of first-episode,...
Brain network abnormalities in emotional response exist in bipolar mania. However, few studies have been published on network degree centrality of first-episode, drug-naive bipolar mania, and healthy controls. This study aimed to assess the utility of neural activity values analyzed via degree centrality methods. Sixty-six first-episode, drug-naive patients with bipolar mania and 60 healthy controls participated in resting-state functional magnetic resonance rescanning and scale estimating. The degree centrality and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve methods were used for an analysis of the imaging data. Relative to healthy controls, first-episode bipolar mania patients displayed increased degree centrality values in the left middle occipital gyrus, precentral gyrus, supplementary motor area, Precuneus, and decreased degree centrality values in the left parahippocampal gyrus, right insula and superior frontal gyrus, medial. ROC results exhibited degree centrality values in the left parahippocampal gyrus that could distinguish first-episode bipolar mania patients from healthy controls with 0.8404 for AUC. Support vector machine results showed that reductions in degree centrality values in the left parahippocampal gyrus can be used to effectively differentiate between bipolar disorder patients and healthy controls with respective accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values of 83.33%, 85.51%, and 88.41%. Increased activity in the left parahippocampal gyrus may be a distinctive neurobiological feature of first-episode, drug-naive bipolar mania. Degree centrality values in the left parahippocampal gyrus might be served as a potential neuroimaging biomarker to discriminate first-episode, drug-naive bipolar mania patients from healthy controls.
Topics: Humans; Brain; Bipolar Disorder; Mania; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Occipital Lobe
PubMed: 37010493
DOI: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000001896 -
Frontiers in Neuroscience 2022Cognitive dysfunction (CI) is frequently reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the identification and assessment of SLE-related CI remain...
BACKGROUND
Cognitive dysfunction (CI) is frequently reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the identification and assessment of SLE-related CI remain challenging. Previous studies have focused on changes in static brain activity, and no studies have investigated the characteristics of dynamic brain activity in SLE patients with CI.
OBJECTS
We calculated the dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (dALFF) by combining the ALFF with a sliding window method to assess the temporal variability of brain functional activity in SLE patients with and without CI.
METHODS
Thirty-eight SLE with CI, thirty-eight SLE without CI, and thirty-eight healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. By comparing static ALFF (sALFF) and dALFF among the three groups, changes in brain activity intensity and its temporal variability were assessed in patients with SLE with or without CI. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated between the brain function indicator and Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) scores of SLE with CI.
RESULTS
Subjects among the three groups exhibited significant sALFF differences in the right parahippocampal gyrus, left caudate nucleus, right putamen, and left cuneus. Compared to the SLE without CI, the right parahippocampal gyrus exhibited higher sALFF in the SLE with CI group. Compared to the HCs, the left caudate nucleus exhibited increased sALFF in the SLE with CI group. Participants in the three groups exhibited significant dALFF variability in the right parahippocampal gyrus, right lingual gyrus, and bilateral inferior occipital gyrus. Compared to the HCs, the right lingual gyrus exhibited reduced dALFF in the SLE without CI group. Compared to the HCs, the right parahippocampal gyrus exhibited increased dALFF, left calcarine fissure, and the surrounding cortex exhibited reduced dALFF in the SLE with CI group. There was no significant correlation between the MMSE score, sALFF, and dALFF in the SLE with CI group.
CONCLUSION
SLE patients with CI have abnormal brain activity intensity and stability. By analyzing the dynamics of intrinsic brain activity, it provides a new idea for evaluating SLE-related CI. However, more research and validation with multiple metrics are needed to determine the link between the severity of cognitive impairment (CI) and brain activity in patients with SLE.
PubMed: 36081656
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.929383 -
Journal of Behavioral Addictions Mar 2022Problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) is prevalent and increases the risk for a variety of health problems. However, few studies have explored the neural mechanisms that...
Functional connectivity between the parahippocampal gyrus and the middle temporal gyrus moderates the relationship between problematic mobile phone use and depressive symptoms: Evidence from a longitudinal study.
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) is prevalent and increases the risk for a variety of health problems. However, few studies have explored the neural mechanisms that might render adolescents more or less vulnerable. Here, we aimed to identify whether PMPU is associated with depressive symptoms and whether this relationship is moderated by intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) which is associated with PMPU.
METHODS
In this longitudinal study, we included 238 students (mean age = 19.05, SD = 0.81) that came from a university in Hefei, China. They all finished MRI scans at baseline and completed questionnaires both at baseline and 1 year later. A self-rating questionnaire for adolescent problematic mobile phone use and depression anxiety stress scale-21 were used to assess PMPU and depressive symptoms. We first assessed the relationship between PMPU and depressive symptoms using an autoregressive cross-lagged model. Then, we detected the brain regions that were associated with PMPU. Moreover, the neuroimaging results were extracted to explore whether the iFC of these brain regions moderated the relationship between PMPU and depression.
RESULTS
Consistent with our hypotheses, PMPU was positively associated with depressive symptoms, and the relationship between PMPU and depressive symptoms was moderated by iFC of the left parahippocampal gyrus-right middle temporal gyrus both at baseline and after 1 year (β = 0.554, P = 0.003; β = 0.463, P = 0.016, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
These results advance the understanding of PMPU and suggest that iFC of the left parahippocampal gyrus-right middle temporal gyrus may be a neurobiological contributor to its relationship with depressive symptoms.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cell Phone Use; Depression; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Parahippocampal Gyrus; Temporal Lobe; Young Adult
PubMed: 35049522
DOI: 10.1556/2006.2021.00090 -
Neural Regeneration Research May 2022Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been shown to effectively improve impaired swallowing in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with dysphagia....
Increased activation of the caudate nucleus and parahippocampal gyrus in Parkinson's disease patients with dysphagia after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: a case-control study.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been shown to effectively improve impaired swallowing in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with dysphagia. However, little is known about how rTMS affects the corresponding brain regions in this patient group. In this case-control study, we examined data from 38 PD patients with dysphagia who received treatment at Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University. The patients received high-frequency rTMS of the motor cortex once per day for 10 successive days. Changes in brain activation were compared via functional magnetic resonance imaging in PD patients with dysphagia and healthy controls. The results revealed that before treatment, PD patients with dysphagia showed greater activation in the precentral gyrus, supplementary motor area, and cerebellum compared with healthy controls, and this enhanced activation was weakened after treatment. Furthermore, before treatment, PD patients with dysphagia exhibited decreased activation in the parahippocampal gyrus, caudate nucleus, and left thalamus compared with healthy controls, and this activation increased after treatment. In addition, PD patients with dysphagia reported improved subjective swallowing sensations after rTMS. These findings suggest that swallowing function in PD patients with dysphagia improved after rTMS of the motor cortex. This may have been due to enhanced activation of the caudate nucleus and parahippocampal gyrus. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University (approval No. 2018bkky017) on March 6, 2018 and was registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration No. ChiCTR 1800017207) on July 18, 2018.
PubMed: 34558532
DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.324863 -
Nature and Science of Sleep 2022Gender differences in hippocampal and parahippocampal gyrus (HIP/PHG) volumes have been reported in sleep disorders. Therefore, this study investigated the moderating...
BACKGROUND
Gender differences in hippocampal and parahippocampal gyrus (HIP/PHG) volumes have been reported in sleep disorders. Therefore, this study investigated the moderating effect of gender on the relationship between chronic insomnia disorder (CID) and the HIP/PHG functional connectivity (FC) network.
METHODS
For this study, 110 patients diagnosed with CID (43 men and 67 women) and 60 matched good sleep control (GSC) (22 men and 38 women) were recruited. These participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans, after which a 2 × 2 (diagnosis × gender) analysis of variance was used to detect the main and interactive effect of insomnia and gender on their HIP/PHG FC networks.
RESULTS
Although the main effect of insomnia on the HIP FC network was observed in the bilateral cerebellar tonsil, superior frontal gyrus, and the medial orbitofrontal cortex, effects on the PHG FC network were observed in the bilateral HIP and amygdala. In contrast, the main effect of gender on the HIP FC network was observed in the right cerebellum posterior lobe, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and the supplemental motor area. Of note, the interactive effect of both insomnia and gender was observed in FCs between the right HIP and the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and then between the right PHG and DLPFC. Moreover, the FC between the right PHG and left DLPFC was positively associated with anxiety scores in the female patients with CID.
CONCLUSION
Our study identified that gender differences in brain connectivity existed between the HIP/PHG and executive control network in patients diagnosed with CID, these results will eventually extend our understanding of the important role that gender plays in the pathophysiology of CID.
PubMed: 35761887
DOI: 10.2147/NSS.S355922 -
Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience :... Jul 2020Childhood trauma is reliably associated with smaller hippocampal volume in adults; however, this finding has not been shown in children, and even less is known about how...
BACKGROUND
Childhood trauma is reliably associated with smaller hippocampal volume in adults; however, this finding has not been shown in children, and even less is known about how sex and trauma interact to affect limbic structural development in children.
METHODS
Typically developing children aged 9 to 15 years who completed a trauma history questionnaire and structural T1-weighted MRI were included in this study (n = 172; 85 female, 87 male). All children who reported 4 or more traumas (n = 36) composed the high trauma group, and all children who reported 3 or fewer traumas (n = 136) composed the low trauma group. Using multivariate analysis of covariance, we compared FreeSurfer-derived structural MRI volumes (normalized by total intracranial volume) of the amygdalar, hippocampal and parahippocampal regions by sex and trauma level, controlling for age and study site.
RESULTS
We found a significant sex × trauma interaction, such that girls with high trauma had greater volumes than boys with high trauma. Follow-up analyses indicated significantly increased volumes for girls and generally decreased volumes for boys, specifically in the hippocampal and parahippocampalregions for the high trauma group; we observed no sex differences in the low trauma group. We noted no interaction effect for the amygdalae.
LIMITATIONS
We assessed a community sample and did not include a clinical sample. We did not collect data about the ages at which children experienced trauma.
CONCLUSION
Results revealed that psychological trauma affects brain development differently in girls and boys. These findings need to be followed longitudinally to elucidate how structural differences progress and contribute to well-known sex disparities in psychopathology.
Topics: Adolescent; Adverse Childhood Experiences; Amygdala; Bereavement; Child; Exposure to Violence; Female; Hippocampus; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Organ Size; Parahippocampal Gyrus; Psychological Trauma; Sex Factors; Violence
PubMed: 32078279
DOI: 10.1503/jpn.190013 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2022Prism adaptation (PA) is a form of visuomotor training that produces both sensorimotor and cognitive aftereffects depending on the direction of the visual displacement....
Prism adaptation (PA) is a form of visuomotor training that produces both sensorimotor and cognitive aftereffects depending on the direction of the visual displacement. Recently, a neural framework explaining both types of PA-induced aftereffects has been proposed, but direct evidence for it is lacking. We employed Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), a form of effective connectivity analysis, to establish directionality among connected nodes of the brain network thought to subserve PA. The findings reveal two distinct network branches: (1) a loop involving connections from the parietal cortices to the right parahippocampal gyrus, and (2) a branch linking the lateral premotor cortex to the parahippocampal gyrus the cerebellum. Like the sensorimotor aftereffects, the first branch exhibited qualitatively different modulations for left versus right PA, and critically, changes in these connections were correlated with the magnitude of the sensorimotor aftereffects. Like the cognitive aftereffects, changes in the second branch were qualitatively similar for left and right PA, with greater change for left PA and a trend correlation with cognitive aftereffects. These results provide direct evidence that PA is supported by two functionally distinct subnetworks, a parietal-temporal network responsible for sensorimotor aftereffects and a fronto-cerebellar network responsible for cognitive aftereffects.
PubMed: 36118425
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.915260 -
Learning & Memory (Cold Spring Harbor,... Jul 2019Spatial memory, the aspect of memory involving encoding and retrieval of information regarding one's environment and spatial orientation, is a complex biological... (Review)
Review
Spatial memory, the aspect of memory involving encoding and retrieval of information regarding one's environment and spatial orientation, is a complex biological function incorporating multiple neuronal networks. Hippocampus-dependent spatial memory is not innate and emerges during development in both humans and rodents. In children, nonhippocampal dependent egocentric (self-to-object) memory develops before hippocampal-dependent allocentric (object-to-object) memory. The onset of allocentric spatial memory abilities in children around 22 mo of age occurs at an age-equivalent time in rodents when spatially tuned grid and place cells arise from patterned activity propagating through the entorhinal-hippocampal circuit. Neuronal activity, often driven by specific sensory signals, is critical for the normal maturation of brain circuits This patterned activity fine-tunes synaptic connectivity of the network and drives the emergence of specific firing necessary for spatial memory. Whereas normal activity patterns are required for circuit maturation, aberrant neuronal activity during development can have major adverse consequences, disrupting the development of spatial memory. Seizures during infancy, involving massive bursts of synchronized network activity, result in impaired spatial memory when animals are tested as adolescents or adults. This impaired spatial memory is accompanied by alterations in spatial and temporal coding of place cells. The molecular mechanisms by which early-life seizures lead to disruptions at the cellular and network levels are now becoming better understood, and provide a target for intervention, potentially leading to improved cognitive outcome in individuals experiencing early-life seizures.
Topics: Animals; Child; Child Development; Child, Preschool; Connectome; Entorhinal Cortex; Hippocampus; Humans; Infant; Memory Disorders; Models, Neurological; Nerve Net; Neurons; Seizures; Spatial Memory
PubMed: 31209115
DOI: 10.1101/lm.049239.118