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The Malaysian Journal of Pathology Aug 2020Oncocytic carcinoma of the salivary gland is an uncommon tumour in the head and neck region. Owing to its rarity, identifying the histopathological features of a...
Oncocytic carcinoma of the salivary gland is an uncommon tumour in the head and neck region. Owing to its rarity, identifying the histopathological features of a malignant tumour can be difficult and challenging. We report a case of a 70-year-old man who presented with a left facial weakness for six months in a background history of left parotid swelling over the past 10 years. Clinical examination revealed a 3x3cm left parotid mass and grade 4 facial nerve palsy. Fine needle aspiration of the mass showed scattered cohesive, monolayered sheets of uniform oncocytic cells. Subsequently, a left total parotidectomy and selective neck dissection were performed. Histological examination showed sheets of small oncocytes with minimal nuclear atypia. Evidence of nerve entrapment, capsular invasion and perivascular permeation were identified in focal areas. Thus, a final diagnosis of oncocytic carcinoma was rendered.
Topics: Adenoma, Oxyphilic; Aged; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Oxyphil Cells; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Salivary Glands
PubMed: 32860383
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Cancer Research and... Jan 2023Metastasis to salivary glands from the secondary source outside the head and neck region is extremely rare and Carcinoma Lung is one of the rarest sources of distant...
Metastasis to salivary glands from the secondary source outside the head and neck region is extremely rare and Carcinoma Lung is one of the rarest sources of distant spread to salivary glands. Owing to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, accurate identification of clinical and pathological aspects of these metastatic lesions remains a challenging task. Many studies regarding metastasis to the oral cavity have been already documented in the literature, but very little research work has been done to analyse the cases of lung cancer metastasis as the sole primary source, particularly to salivary glands. Thus this review was conducted to analyse the published cases of lung cancer metastasizing to salivary glands as the only primary source till date. An electronic search of the published literature was performed without publication year limitation in PubMed/ Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science direct, Embase, and Research gate databases, using Mesh keywords like (Lung cancer', OR 'Lung carcinoma), AND (Metastasis OR Metastases), And (Salivary glands OR Parotid gland OR Submandibular gland OR Sublingual gland). We also searched all related journals manually. The reference list of all articles was also checked. Our research revealed 34 relevant papers between 1965-2022 with a total of 44 patients. The most prevalent diagnosed metastatic Lung cancer was Small cell lung cancer. Parotid was the most common gland involved in metastasis. 48% of patients died of metastasis with a mean survival time of 2.2 years. Salivary gland metastasis from Lung cancer is very rare and has a poor prognosis. More cases need to be published in order to raise awareness of these lesions and gain a better understanding of their characteristics.
Topics: Humans; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Submandibular Gland; Parotid Gland; Carcinoma
PubMed: 38384010
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2699_22 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Mar 2023Synchronous pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland and parapharyngeal space are rare. We report a case of simultaneous pleomorphic adenoma in parotid gland and... (Review)
Review
Synchronous pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland and parapharyngeal space are rare. We report a case of simultaneous pleomorphic adenoma in parotid gland and parapharyngeal space in a 65-year-old male presenting to the ENT outpatient department at Northwest General Hospital, Peshawar. The patient presented with a left parotid lump, intra oral examination of which revealed the left palatine tonsil to have been pushed medially. CT of the neck showed a completely separate lump in the left parapharyngeal space, and FNAC of the parotid lump was suggestive of mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The superficial parotid lump was excised first, and the parapharyngeal growth was accessed intraorally and excised. Histopathology revealed both the growths to be pleomorphic adenomas. It is important to raise awareness of synchronous salivary gland tumours, which are a rare occurrence, to highlight its optimal investigation to ensure complete surgical excision, and appropriate management.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Parapharyngeal Space; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Oral Ulcer
PubMed: 36932800
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.4457 -
Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi = Huaxi... Oct 2021Parotid gland tumors are usually solitary tumors, and multiple tumors of the parotid gland are extremely rare. We present a highly unusual case of bilateral and... (Review)
Review
Parotid gland tumors are usually solitary tumors, and multiple tumors of the parotid gland are extremely rare. We present a highly unusual case of bilateral and simultaneous pleomorphic adenoma and basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland. We review the literature and discuss the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of these two rare tumors.
Topics: Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Humans; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms
PubMed: 34636212
DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2021.05.018 -
Journal of Anatomy Feb 2023The hormone melatonin was initially believed to be synthesized exclusively by the pineal gland and the enterochromaffin cells, but nowadays its production and...
The hormone melatonin was initially believed to be synthesized exclusively by the pineal gland and the enterochromaffin cells, but nowadays its production and distribution were observed in several other tissues and organs. Among others, the ultrastructural localization of melatonin and its receptors has been reported in human salivary glands. In these glands, the fine localization of melatonin in intracellular organelles, above all in mitochondria, remains to be explored comprehensively. Bioptic samples of parotid and submandibular glands were treated to search for melatonin using the immunogold staining method by transmission electron microscopy. Morphometric analysis was applied to micrographs. The results indicated that, both in parotid and submandibular glands mitochondria, a certain melatonin positivity was present. Within glandular cells, melatonin was less retrieved in mitochondria than in secretory granules; however, its presence in this organelle was clearly evident. Inside striated duct cells, melatonin staining in mitochondria was more prominent than in glandular cells. Our data provide an ultrastructural report on the presence of melatonin in mitochondria of human major salivary glands and represent a fundamental prerequisite for a better understanding of the melatonin role in this organelle.
Topics: Humans; Melatonin; Salivary Glands; Parotid Gland; Submandibular Gland; Mitochondria
PubMed: 36176196
DOI: 10.1111/joa.13775 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2023Quantifying physiological fat tissue in the organs is important to further assess the organ's pathologic status. This study aimed to investigate the impact of body mass...
Quantifying physiological fat tissue in the organs is important to further assess the organ's pathologic status. This study aimed to investigate the impact of body mass index (BMI), age, and sex on the fat fraction of normal parotid glands. Patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least squares estimation (IDEAL-IQ) due to non-salivary gland-related disease were reviewed. Clinical information of individual patients was categorized into groups based on BMI (under/normal/overweight), age (age I/age II/age III), and sex (female/male) and an inter-group comparison of the fat fraction values of both parotid glands was conducted. Overall, in the 626 parotid glands analyzed, the fat fraction of the gland was 35.80%. The mean fat fraction value increased with BMI (30.23%, 35.74%, and 46.61% in the underweight, normal and overweight groups, respectively [p < 0.01]) and age (32.42%, 36.20%, and 41.94% in the age I, II, and III groups, respectively [p < 0.01]). The fat content of normal parotid glands varies significantly depending on the body mass and age regardless of sex. Therefore, the patient's age and body mass should be considered when evaluating fatty change in the parotid glands in imaging results.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Parotid Gland; Overweight; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Water; Adipose Tissue
PubMed: 36653427
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28193-z -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Jan 2022Data regarding the inter- and intraobserver variability in the radiological assessment of sialolithiasis using cone beam computed tomography are missing in the current...
BACKGROUND
Data regarding the inter- and intraobserver variability in the radiological assessment of sialolithiasis using cone beam computed tomography are missing in the current literature. This study assessed the inter- and intraobserver variability in the radiological assessment of sialolithiasis using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
In 107 patients, 130 salivary glands (65 parotid and 65 submandibular) with clinical signs of obstruction were assessed by four independent observers; 2 residents OMFS and 2 experienced OMFS. The observers analyzed the CBCT images and determined the absence or presence of one or more salivary stones in the affected gland. This procedure was repeated after three months.
RESULTS
Interobserver agreements showed kappa values of 0.84 for the parotid gland, and 0.93 for the submandibular gland. Intraobserver agreements for the whole group reported kappa values between 0.83 - 0.95. There was no significant difference between residents and experienced OMFS.
CONCLUSIONS
Due to the good inter- and intraobserver agreement, CBCT appears to be a reproducible imaging modality for detecting salivary stones in patients with signs and symptoms of obstructed parotid and submandibular glands.
Topics: Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Humans; Observer Variation; Parotid Gland; Salivary Gland Calculi
PubMed: 34704979
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.24980 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Jun 2021Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common tumor of the parotid gland in children; however, there is no standard protocol for the treatment of IH. The generally...
INTRODUCTION
Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common tumor of the parotid gland in children; however, there is no standard protocol for the treatment of IH. The generally accepted practice is to begin the patient on β-blocker therapy if there are no contraindications.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to better understand the challenges and successes of management of pediatric patients with parotid IH.
METHODS
This retrospective study analyzed 15 patients diagnosed with parotid IH from 2009 to 2016 who were cared for at a tertiary care center. Demographic information, lesion characteristics, and treatment course were obtained through patient chart review.
RESULTS
Fifteen pediatric patients with parotid IH were evaluated. The female:male ratio was 4:1; the average age of diagnosis was 8.75 months. Most lesions were greater than 3 cm in their widest dimension (73.3%), and 13 patients underwent imaging to further clarify the parotid mass in their clinical workup. Fourteen patients began treatment with propranolol; 10 patients saw complete resolution of their IH (66.7%) and 3 had a partial response to β-blocker therapy (20%). After discontinuation of propranolol, 2 patients had regrowth 2 to 3 months later after regression and were restarted on therapy. The average duration of treatment was 9.9 ± 8.45 months. The known adverse effects of propranolol-hypoglycemia, hypotension, bradycardia, and bronchospasm-were not observed in any patient.
CONCLUSION
In the treatment of parotid IH, propranolol is the generally accepted first-line therapy, as compared to corticosteroid or interferon α injections of years past. Parotid hemangiomas, however, have a lower response rate to propranolol and a similar recurrence rate compared to IH at other sites. The treatment duration necessary tends to be longer. Future studies will aim at identifying and evaluating potential predictors of outcomes to help inform the management of parotid hemangiomas.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Hemangioma; Hemangioma, Capillary; Humans; Infant; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Propranolol; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31565986
DOI: 10.1177/0145561319877760 -
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences Aug 2023This study aimed to investigate thymoquinone (TQ), and melatonin's radioprotective effects on liver, parotid gland, brain, and testis of rats which were exposed to total...
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to investigate thymoquinone (TQ), and melatonin's radioprotective effects on liver, parotid gland, brain, and testis of rats which were exposed to total body irradiation (IR).
METHODS
Thirty adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups that are Group 1 (control group): total body IR only, Group 2: IR-Melatonin (10 mg/kg), Group 3: IR-TQ (10 mg/kg), and Group 4 (sham group): nothing. Total body IR dose was 6 Gy. Tissue samples were taken 90 min after IR. The measurements of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were performed in all groups.
RESULTS
In IR group, GSH-Px and SOD activities significantly decreased whereas MDA levels significantly increased when compared with the sham in all tissues. We recorded a significant decrease in MDA levels in IR-TQ group in liver and parotid gland of rats. Moreover, SOD did not change in IR-TQ group compared with IR only group.
DISCUSSION
Melatonin, a powerful antioxidant, plays role in preventing oxidative stress. We revealed that premedication with TQ significantly inhibited the increase in MDA induced by IR in liver and parotid gland and protected the activities of SOD, an antioxidant enzyme, in all other tissues. It has been revealed that TQ has a potential effect preventing IR-induced damage as much as melatonin.
Topics: Male; Rats; Animals; Melatonin; Antioxidants; Rats, Wistar; Testis; Whole-Body Irradiation; Parotid Gland; Oxidative Stress; Liver; Superoxide Dismutase; Glutathione Peroxidase; Brain; Malondialdehyde
PubMed: 38031946
DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5654 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2022Tumors of the parotid gland can be challenging if left untreated. We report three cases of patients with initial clinical and therapeutic manifestations of neglected...
Tumors of the parotid gland can be challenging if left untreated. We report three cases of patients with initial clinical and therapeutic manifestations of neglected parotid tumours in Madagascar: two women and one man aged 42, 47 and 51 years, with tumours that had been developing for 4, 7 and 11 years respectively. One patient was suspected to have malignant tumour due to skin necrosis. The diagnosis was then confirmed by cytopuncture. After obtaining the informed consent, total parotidectomy was performed in all patients. Facial nerve sacrifice with cervical lymph node dissection was established in the patient with a malignant tumour. No intraoperative adverse events were reported. Parotid tumors can become cancerous without proper treatment. Socio-economic factors are involved in delayed consultation. However, early consultation in patients with parotid tumors would prevent management risks.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Parotid Neoplasms; Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Parotid Gland; Lymph Node Excision; Risk Management; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 36915420
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.43.184.29628