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Head & Neck Oct 2022It is important to define the accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of Warthin tumor (WT). This systematic review and meta-analysis... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
It is important to define the accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of Warthin tumor (WT). This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the accuracy of FNAC in the diagnosis of WT in the parotid gland and WT growth rate. For determination of FNAC accuracy, 17 studies, encompassing 1710 cases, were included. Pulled random model estimates of sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 93.7% (95%CI: 92.1, 95.3), 97.9% (95%CI: 97, 98.9), 93.3% (95%CI: 91.5, 95.1), and 97.4% (95%CI: 96.4, 98.4), respectively. FNAC is highly reliable for the diagnosis of WT of the parotid. The high PPV value suggests that patients with a cytological diagnosis of WT of the parotid may be assigned to active surveillance.
Topics: Adenolymphoma; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Humans; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 35586869
DOI: 10.1002/hed.27099 -
NMR in Biomedicine Jan 2021Various MRI sequences have shown their potential to discriminate parotid gland tumors, including but not limited to T -weighted, postcontrast T -weighted, and...
Various MRI sequences have shown their potential to discriminate parotid gland tumors, including but not limited to T -weighted, postcontrast T -weighted, and diffusion-weighted images. In this study, we present a fully automatic system for the diagnosis of parotid gland tumors by using deep learning methods trained on multimodal MRI images. We used a two-dimensional convolution neural network, U-Net, to segment and classify parotid gland tumors. The U-Net model was trained with transfer learning, and a specific design of the batch distribution optimized the model accuracy. We also selected five combinations of MRI contrasts as the input data of the neural network and compared the classification accuracy of parotid gland tumors. The results indicated that the deep learning model with diffusion-related parameters performed better than those with structural MR images. The performance results (n = 85) of the diffusion-based model were as follows: accuracy of 0.81, 0.76, and 0.71, sensitivity of 0.83, 0.63, and 0.33, and specificity of 0.80, 0.84, and 0.87 for Warthin tumors, pleomorphic adenomas, and malignant tumors, respectively. Combining diffusion-weighted and contrast-enhanced T -weighted images did not improve the prediction accuracy. In summary, the proposed deep learning model could classify Warthin tumor and pleomorphic adenoma tumor but not malignant tumor.
Topics: Deep Learning; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Multimodal Imaging; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms
PubMed: 32886955
DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4408 -
The Journal of International Medical... Dec 2018This study was performed to analyze the clinical management of accessory parotid gland (APG) cancer and possible risk factors for disease-related death.
OBJECTIVE
This study was performed to analyze the clinical management of accessory parotid gland (APG) cancer and possible risk factors for disease-related death.
METHODS
Patients diagnosed with primary APG cancers in the largest medical center in Northeast China were enrolled from January 1990 to December 2016.
RESULTS
All 43 patients underwent resection of the tumors and superficial parotid gland by a standard Blair incision. Seven (16.3%) patients also required selective neck dissection. The most common lesion was mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Temporary facial paralysis occurred in 11 (25.6%) patients, and permanent facial paralysis occurred in 3 (7.0%) patients because of surgical resection of the facial nerve, which was involved with the tumor. The 5- and 10-year disease-specific survival rates were 86.0% and 66.0%, respectively. The tumor stage, neck status, neck dissection, and tumor grade were significantly associated with disease-related death, but only the tumor grade was an independent risk factor.
CONCLUSION
Superficial parotidectomy is a reliable surgical procedure associated with a high survival rate and low morbidity in treating APG cancers. The tumor grade is the key prognostic factor.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Case-Control Studies; Disease Management; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Postoperative Complications; Prognosis; Survival Rate
PubMed: 30289052
DOI: 10.1177/0300060518767792 -
Journal of Dental Research Dec 2019The salivary complex of mammals consists of 3 major pairs of glands: the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. While the 3 glands share similar functional...
The salivary complex of mammals consists of 3 major pairs of glands: the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. While the 3 glands share similar functional properties, such as saliva secretion, their differences are largely based on the types of secretions they produce. While recent studies have begun to shed light on the underlying molecular differences among the glands, few have examined the global transcriptional repertoire over various stages of gland maturation. To better elucidate the molecular nature of the parotid gland, we have performed RNA sequencing to generate comprehensive and global gene expression profiles of this gland at different stages of maturation. Our transcriptomic characterization and hierarchical clustering analysis with adult organ RNA sequencing data sets has identified a number of molecular players and pathways that are relevant for parotid gland biology. Moreover, our detailed analysis has revealed a unique parotid gland-specific gene signature that may represent important players that could impart parotid gland-specific biological properties. To complement our transcriptomic studies, we have performed single-cell RNA sequencing to map the transcriptomes of parotid epithelial cells. Interrogation of the single-cell transcriptomes revealed the degree of molecular and cellular heterogeneity of the various epithelial cell types within the parotid gland. Moreover, we uncovered a mixed-lineage population of cells that may reflect molecular priming of differentiation potentials. Overall our comprehensive studies provide a powerful tool for the discovery of novel molecular players important in parotid gland biology.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Parotid Gland; Single-Cell Analysis; Transcriptome
PubMed: 31623513
DOI: 10.1177/0022034519882355 -
ELife Sep 2021Management of salivary gland hypofunction caused by irradiation (IR) therapy for head and neck cancer remains lack of effective treatments. Salivary glands, especially...
Management of salivary gland hypofunction caused by irradiation (IR) therapy for head and neck cancer remains lack of effective treatments. Salivary glands, especially the parotid gland, actively uptake dietary nitrate and secrete it into saliva. Here, we investigated the effect of dietary nitrate on the prevention and treatment of IR-induced parotid gland hypofunction in miniature pigs, and elucidated the underlying mechanism in human parotid gland cells. We found that nitrate administration prevented IR-induced parotid gland damage in a dose-dependent manner, by maintaining the function of irradiated parotid gland tissue. Nitrate could increase sialin expression, a nitrate transporter expressed in the parotid gland, making the nitrate-sialin feedback loop that facilitates nitrate influx into cells for maintaining cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. Furthermore, nitrate enhanced cell proliferation via the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-protein kinase B (AKT)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in irradiated parotid gland tissue. Collectively, nitrate effectively prevented IR-induced xerostomia via the EGFR-AKT-MAPK signaling pathway. Dietary nitrate supplementation may provide a novel, safe, and effective way to resolve IR-induced xerostomia.
Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Nitrates; Parotid Gland; Radiotherapy; Swine; Swine, Miniature; Xerostomia
PubMed: 34581269
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.70710 -
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Sep 2021Malignant tumours in the parotid gland can originate either from the gland itself or as a result of metastatic spread of other tumours, such as cutaneous squamous cell...
PURPOSE
Malignant tumours in the parotid gland can originate either from the gland itself or as a result of metastatic spread of other tumours, such as cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (CSCC) of the head and neck area. The aim of this study was to analyse and compare the clinical behaviour of primary as well as CSCC metastatic parotid cancers with special emphasis on therapy and oncologic outcome.
METHODS
Clinical and histopathological data of 342 patients with parotid gland malignomas surgically treated in a tertiary referral centre between 1987 and 2015 were retrospectively assessed. Oncologic outcomes of all cases with CSCC metastasis of the parotid gland (n = 49) were compared to those of primary parotid gland carcinomas (n = 293).
RESULTS
Mean age at diagnosis was 72.3 years for CSCC patients versus 56.8 years in patients with primary parotid carcinoma. A total of 83.7% of CSCC patients were male, compared to 48.8% in the group of primary carcinomas. Forty-five out of 49 CSCC patients underwent total parotidectomy and neck dissection (91.8%). A total of 93.9% out of all CSCC patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. Five-year overall survival (OS) was 32.6% in CSCC patients versus 77.2% in primary parotid carcinoma patients.
CONCLUSION
As compared to primary parotid cancers, we could show that patients suffering from CSCC metastases to the parotid gland presented with significantly higher age and worse survival.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Staging; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies; Skin Neoplasms; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
PubMed: 33400041
DOI: 10.1007/s10006-020-00934-8 -
Annals of Palliative Medicine Aug 2022Multiple synchronous neoplasms in the ipsilateral parotid gland are very rare. We intend to analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment results of multiple...
BACKGROUND
Multiple synchronous neoplasms in the ipsilateral parotid gland are very rare. We intend to analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment results of multiple synchronous neoplasms in the ipsilateral parotid gland managed at our hospital.
METHODS
The study included 21 patients of multiple synchronous neoplasms in the ipsilateral parotid gland from January 2010 to December 2020.
RESULTS
Twenty-one cases of multiple synchronous neoplasms in the ipsilateral parotid gland were identified among 994 cases of parotid surgery, with a frequency of 2.1%. Multiple synchronous neoplasms in the ipsilateral parotid gland occurred in all males and one female. Except for one case, all of them involved histopathologic neoplasms. Warthin tumor (n=19, 90.5%) was the most common. Among 21 lesions, there were 9 patients of right parotid gland, 4 patients of left parotid gland, and 4 patients of bilateral parotid gland. The main symptoms were slowly enlarging mass within the parotid gland (n=20), followed by incidental detection (n=1).
CONCLUSIONS
Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of multiple synchronous neoplasms in the ipsilateral parotid gland. Preoperative imaging tests, clinical examinations, and careful palpation during surgery are important for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Topics: Adenolymphoma; Female; Humans; Male; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 35815451
DOI: 10.21037/apm-22-307 -
European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology,... Sep 2017
Topics: Branchioma; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Parotid Gland
PubMed: 28395960
DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2017.03.004 -
Skin Research and Technology : Official... Dec 2023Thread lifting is a common minimally invasive plastic surgery procedure. Parotid gland injury caused by thread lifting is a known complication; however, visual evidence...
BACKGROUND
Thread lifting is a common minimally invasive plastic surgery procedure. Parotid gland injury caused by thread lifting is a known complication; however, visual evidence of this complication is lacking.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to present cases of parotid gland injury by thread lifting shown using ultrasound and to discuss the importance of ultrasound detection of the location of the parotid gland before thread insertion.
METHODS
This study included eight patients diagnosed with parotid gland perforation and one with parotid duct injury due to threads from November 2020 to October 2022.
RESULTS
Six patients showed tenderness and swelling, three were asymptomatic, and one with duct injury showed severe swelling and pain. Although the severity and duration of symptoms have differed, we confirmed the progress of improvement with conservative treatment and confirmed ultrasound findings progressed.
CONCLUSIONS
Using ultrasound to detect the parotid gland's location before thread lifting might reduce the chance of parotid duct injury. Identifying immediate parotid duct or gland injury with ultrasound can help to act quickly for delayed pain or swelling and reduce the likelihood of additional complications.
Topics: Humans; Parotid Gland; Salivary Ducts; Ultrasonography; Pain; Ultrasonography, Interventional
PubMed: 38093502
DOI: 10.1111/srt.13535 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Mar 2023Synchronous pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland and parapharyngeal space are rare. We report a case of simultaneous pleomorphic adenoma in parotid gland and... (Review)
Review
Synchronous pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland and parapharyngeal space are rare. We report a case of simultaneous pleomorphic adenoma in parotid gland and parapharyngeal space in a 65-year-old male presenting to the ENT outpatient department at Northwest General Hospital, Peshawar. The patient presented with a left parotid lump, intra oral examination of which revealed the left palatine tonsil to have been pushed medially. CT of the neck showed a completely separate lump in the left parapharyngeal space, and FNAC of the parotid lump was suggestive of mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The superficial parotid lump was excised first, and the parapharyngeal growth was accessed intraorally and excised. Histopathology revealed both the growths to be pleomorphic adenomas. It is important to raise awareness of synchronous salivary gland tumours, which are a rare occurrence, to highlight its optimal investigation to ensure complete surgical excision, and appropriate management.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Parapharyngeal Space; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Oral Ulcer
PubMed: 36932800
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.4457