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The Journal of Veterinary Medical... Aug 2023The biotypic and genotypic features of Pasteurella canis isolated from dogs, cats, and humans were clarified by repetitive sequence-based fingerprinting and nucleotide...
Biotypic and genotypic diversity in Pasteurella canis isolated from host animals and humans: differences in trehalose fermentation and nucleotide sequences encoding trehalose-6-phosphate hydrolase (treC).
The biotypic and genotypic features of Pasteurella canis isolated from dogs, cats, and humans were clarified by repetitive sequence-based fingerprinting and nucleotide sequences encoding trehalose-6-phosphate hydrolase (treC). Thirty P. canis and 48 P. multocida isolates were collected from dogs, cats, and humans to perform biotyping. The genotyping of P. canis by fingerprinting was followed by dendrogram construction. The whole-genome sequences (WGSs) were searched for the enzyme-coding nucleotide sequences around the main and adjacent loci constituting the operon. Full-length nucleotide sequences encoding the enzyme were determined using polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. Biotypic results were compared to the dendrogram and nucleotide sequence data. We observed a difference in trehalose fermentation with a positivity rate of 46.7%. Two (A-1/A-2) and three (B-1/B-2/B-3) clades were located on the dendrograms generated based on two repetitive sequence-based fingerprinting techniques, showing no association between trehalose fermentation and the clades. Based on the WGSs, two variants of the gene, namely, a 1,641 bp gene treC and a pseudogene (1,335 bp) of treC with its first 306 nucleotides deleted, were observed. Trehalose-positive isolates harbored treC, whereas trehalose-negative isolates lacked treC with or without the pseudogene. Our observations suggest biotypic and genotypic diversity among the P. canis isolates from animal and human hosts, with respect to trehalose fermentation and treC nucleotide sequences. This is the first report on the diversity of treC nucleotide sequences among these isolates.
Topics: Humans; Dogs; Animals; Base Sequence; Trehalose; Pasteurella Infections; Fermentation; Pasteurella multocida; Genotype; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 37407445
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0165 -
Annals of Laboratory Medicine May 2023Comparative analysis of virulence factors (VFs) between and are lacking, although both cause zoonotic infections. We determined the virulence-associated genome...
BACKGROUND
Comparative analysis of virulence factors (VFs) between and are lacking, although both cause zoonotic infections. We determined the virulence-associated genome sequence characteristics of and assessed the toxin gene prevalence unique to among clinical isolates of and .
METHODS
We selected 10 and 16 whole-genome sequences (WGSs) from the National Center for Biotechnology database. The VFanalyzer tool was used to estimate -characteristic VFs. Amino acid sequences of VFs were compared with multiple-aligned sequences. The genome structure containing -characteristic and adjacent loci was compared to the corresponding genome structure. After designing primer sequences and assessing their accuracy, we examined the gene prevalence of the -characteristic VFs using PCR among clinical isolates of and .
RESULTS
Using VFanalyzer, we found virulence-associated cytolethal distending toxin () loci common to all WGSs that were not found in WGSs. Similarities in the multiple alignments of CdtA-CdtB-CdtC amino acid sequences were found among the 10 WGSs. Shared or similar loci around were identified between the and genome structures. The PCR-based prevalence differed for and clinical isolates.
CONCLUSIONS
-specific prevalence was identified among clinical isolates. These three loci may be unique toxin genes and promising targets for the rapid identification of in clinical settings.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Pasteurella multocida; Pets; Virulence; Prevalence
PubMed: 36544338
DOI: 10.3343/alm.2023.43.3.263 -
Veterinary Medicine and Science Jan 2023As the clinical outcome of bite-associated infection is related to the oral commensals, evaluating their composition and antibiotic susceptibility pattern can provide...
BACKGROUND
As the clinical outcome of bite-associated infection is related to the oral commensals, evaluating their composition and antibiotic susceptibility pattern can provide more information for the antibiotic treatment of wound infections and increase the awareness of the multidrug-resistant bacteria in cat oral flora.
AIMS
This study was conducted to identify the various bacterial species in the oral cavity of cats. It aimed to identify the composition of cat oral flora and antibiotic resistant bacterial stains.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-two cats were sampled for bacterial evaluation. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry was used to provide rapid and reliable detection and identification of the bacterial species. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed in the identified isolates to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern and to detect the multidrug-resistant bacteria in the cat oral cavities.
RESULTS
A total of 54 isolates were identified, Pasteurella was the genus most commonly isolated from the oral cavity of cats (19/54, 35.19%), followed by Neisseria spp. (8/54, 14.81%) and Staphylococcus spp. (7/54, 12.96%). Uncommon oral flora were isolated from the samples, including Pasteurella canis, Inquilinus limosus and the Enterobacteriaceae family of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens. Fourteen different multidrug-resistant bacteria were detected, including Pasteurella species (4/14), Bacillus species (2/14), Neisseria species (3/14), Escherichia species (1/14) and Staphylococcus species (4/14).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
This study's findings will increase the understanding of the composition of cat oral flora in Hong Kong, which can provide more evidence-based information for the prophylactic treatment of patients with cat bite infections. Moreover, the study identified and detected the antibiotic resistance pattern and multidrug-resistant bacteria in the cat oral cavity, which can help cat owners increase their awareness of maintaining regular oral hygiene for their cats to prevent the spread of pathogens from cats to humans.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Hong Kong; Enterobacteriaceae; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Escherichia coli
PubMed: 36520663
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1040 -
Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia :... Dec 2023
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Pasteurella; Pasteurella Infections; Bites and Stings; Wound Infection
PubMed: 37772341
DOI: 10.37201/req/035.2023 -
Cureus Nov 2021is a Gram-negative coccobacilli from the family. The most common form of transmission to humans is a bite from a dog or a cat. We report a case of a 90-year-old woman...
is a Gram-negative coccobacilli from the family. The most common form of transmission to humans is a bite from a dog or a cat. We report a case of a 90-year-old woman who presented with septic arthritis in the right knee and bacteremia two weeks after a cat bite. The patient was treated with arthrocentesis and directed antimicrobial therapy. Human infection is a rare occurrence, making this a case of note.
PubMed: 34912619
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19478 -
PloS One 2023A range of analytical methods (GC-MS, LC-MS, voltammetry, microbiological and microscopic techniques, PCR) was used to assay a range of potential chemical and biological...
A range of analytical methods (GC-MS, LC-MS, voltammetry, microbiological and microscopic techniques, PCR) was used to assay a range of potential chemical and biological contaminants in soil and dandelion samples. The results provide the first comprehensive safety analysis of dandelion as a herbal product. Samples were collected from three different sites in Poland where the local population collects dandelion plants for their own consumption: Rudenka (a mountain meadow in the European Ecological Network of Natura 2000 protection area, free of agrotechnical treatments for over 30 years), Warszawa 1 (dense single-family housing with heavy traffic), and Warszawa 2 (recreation area with heavy traffic near a coal-fired heat and power plant). The assays of heavy metals and other chemical pollutants (PAHs, PCBs, dioxins, pesticides, mycotoxins) confirm that all collected soil and dandelion samples were chemically pure; however, 95 species of pathogenic bacteria were detected, including "carnivorous" Vibrio vulnificus, zoonotic Pasteurella pneumotropica, Pasteurella canis, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus lentus and Francisella tularensis as well as 14 species of pathogenic fungi and one protozoan parasite (Giardia intestinalis). The discovery of septicemia agents V. vulnificus, Fusobacterium mortiferum and Rahnella aquatilis in the soil surrounding dandelion roots and in the flowers, G. intestinalis in dandelion leaves and roots samples, all collected in Warsaw, is highly disturbing. This finding underlines the need for increased caution when collecting dandelion in densely populated areas with a large population of pets. Thorough washing of the harvested plants is necessary before using them for consumption, especially in the case of making salads from fresh dandelion leaves, which is becoming increasingly popular among people leading healthy and an environmentally friendly lifestyle.
Topics: Humans; Taraxacum; Environmental Pollutants; Soil; Metals, Heavy; Plant Leaves; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 36662824
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280810 -
Microorganisms Apr 2022In two previous surveys, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) identified microbial contamination in 53 of 112 (47%) unopened tattoo inks and tattoo-ink-related...
In two previous surveys, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) identified microbial contamination in 53 of 112 (47%) unopened tattoo inks and tattoo-ink-related products (e.g., diluents) from 15 manufacturers in the U.S. In this study, we primarily focused our microbiological survey on permanent makeup (PMU) inks. We conducted a survey of 47 unopened PMU inks from nine manufacturers and a comparative species-centric co-occurrence network (SCN) analysis using the survey results. Aerobic plate count and enrichment culture methods using the FDA's (BAM) Chapter 23 revealed that 9 (19%) inks out of 47, from five manufacturers, were contaminated with microorganisms. The level of microbial contamination was less than 250 CFU/g in eight inks and 980 CFU/g in one ink. We identified 26 bacteria that belong to nine genera and 21 species, including some clinically relevant species, such as , , , and . Among the identified microorganisms, the SCN analysis revealed dominance and a strong co-occurrence relation of spore-forming extreme environment survivors, spp., with close phylogenetic/phenotypic relationships. These results provide practical insights into the possible microbial contamination factors and positive selection pressure of PMU inks.
PubMed: 35456870
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040820 -
JPRAS Open Sep 2019Zoonotic infections represent an uncommon phenomenon. Few people with pets realise the infectious risk this entails. This case describes a infection of a breast implant...
Zoonotic infections represent an uncommon phenomenon. Few people with pets realise the infectious risk this entails. This case describes a infection of a breast implant following close contact between a patient and her cat. A 59-year-old woman developed infection of her breast implant 7 months after implantation. Surgical revision was performed after failure of conservative treatment with antibiotics. Perioperative samples from the periprosthetic fluid were positive for , a Gram-negative coccobacillus that is present in the oropharyngeal commensal flora of cats and dogs. History revealed that the patient owned a cat for 2 years. This case highlights the possible risk of zoonotic infections in humans with protheses following close contact with a cat. Antibiotic therapy and surgical revision, with or without removal of the prosthesis constitute the cornerstone of treatment in such cases.
PubMed: 32158890
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpra.2019.07.006 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Jul 2022We report the draft genome sequence of Pasteurella canis strain PA42, which was isolated from the blood of a diseased dog in Japan in 2021. The 2.151-Mbp genome has a...
We report the draft genome sequence of Pasteurella canis strain PA42, which was isolated from the blood of a diseased dog in Japan in 2021. The 2.151-Mbp genome has a G+C content of 36.6%. Sequences unmapped to the reference genome sequence of NCTC 11621 (GenBank accession number UGTV00000000.1) were characterized.
PubMed: 35638811
DOI: 10.1128/mra.00260-22 -
Access Microbiology 2024In this review, we would like to demonstrate the case of a 6-year-old girl who presented with progressive ankle pain and eventual inability to weight bear. She was shown...
In this review, we would like to demonstrate the case of a 6-year-old girl who presented with progressive ankle pain and eventual inability to weight bear. She was shown to have primary acute osteomyelitis of the talus caused by , a commensal organism usually found in the oropharynx of dogs, despite the absence of any history of a dog bite or other zoonotic risk factors. We characterise the symptoms, signs, radiographic appearances and result of both the medical and surgical management, including a review of the literature. This review aims to increase awareness of this rare pathology and help guide other clinicians in accurately diagnosing and managing the condition.
PubMed: 38361652
DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000707.v3