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The Journal of Veterinary Medical... Aug 2023The biotypic and genotypic features of Pasteurella canis isolated from dogs, cats, and humans were clarified by repetitive sequence-based fingerprinting and nucleotide...
Biotypic and genotypic diversity in Pasteurella canis isolated from host animals and humans: differences in trehalose fermentation and nucleotide sequences encoding trehalose-6-phosphate hydrolase (treC).
The biotypic and genotypic features of Pasteurella canis isolated from dogs, cats, and humans were clarified by repetitive sequence-based fingerprinting and nucleotide sequences encoding trehalose-6-phosphate hydrolase (treC). Thirty P. canis and 48 P. multocida isolates were collected from dogs, cats, and humans to perform biotyping. The genotyping of P. canis by fingerprinting was followed by dendrogram construction. The whole-genome sequences (WGSs) were searched for the enzyme-coding nucleotide sequences around the main and adjacent loci constituting the operon. Full-length nucleotide sequences encoding the enzyme were determined using polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. Biotypic results were compared to the dendrogram and nucleotide sequence data. We observed a difference in trehalose fermentation with a positivity rate of 46.7%. Two (A-1/A-2) and three (B-1/B-2/B-3) clades were located on the dendrograms generated based on two repetitive sequence-based fingerprinting techniques, showing no association between trehalose fermentation and the clades. Based on the WGSs, two variants of the gene, namely, a 1,641 bp gene treC and a pseudogene (1,335 bp) of treC with its first 306 nucleotides deleted, were observed. Trehalose-positive isolates harbored treC, whereas trehalose-negative isolates lacked treC with or without the pseudogene. Our observations suggest biotypic and genotypic diversity among the P. canis isolates from animal and human hosts, with respect to trehalose fermentation and treC nucleotide sequences. This is the first report on the diversity of treC nucleotide sequences among these isolates.
Topics: Humans; Dogs; Animals; Base Sequence; Trehalose; Pasteurella Infections; Fermentation; Pasteurella multocida; Genotype; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 37407445
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0165 -
Cureus Nov 2021is a Gram-negative coccobacilli from the family. The most common form of transmission to humans is a bite from a dog or a cat. We report a case of a 90-year-old woman...
is a Gram-negative coccobacilli from the family. The most common form of transmission to humans is a bite from a dog or a cat. We report a case of a 90-year-old woman who presented with septic arthritis in the right knee and bacteremia two weeks after a cat bite. The patient was treated with arthrocentesis and directed antimicrobial therapy. Human infection is a rare occurrence, making this a case of note.
PubMed: 34912619
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19478 -
Annals of Laboratory Medicine May 2023Comparative analysis of virulence factors (VFs) between and are lacking, although both cause zoonotic infections. We determined the virulence-associated genome...
BACKGROUND
Comparative analysis of virulence factors (VFs) between and are lacking, although both cause zoonotic infections. We determined the virulence-associated genome sequence characteristics of and assessed the toxin gene prevalence unique to among clinical isolates of and .
METHODS
We selected 10 and 16 whole-genome sequences (WGSs) from the National Center for Biotechnology database. The VFanalyzer tool was used to estimate -characteristic VFs. Amino acid sequences of VFs were compared with multiple-aligned sequences. The genome structure containing -characteristic and adjacent loci was compared to the corresponding genome structure. After designing primer sequences and assessing their accuracy, we examined the gene prevalence of the -characteristic VFs using PCR among clinical isolates of and .
RESULTS
Using VFanalyzer, we found virulence-associated cytolethal distending toxin () loci common to all WGSs that were not found in WGSs. Similarities in the multiple alignments of CdtA-CdtB-CdtC amino acid sequences were found among the 10 WGSs. Shared or similar loci around were identified between the and genome structures. The PCR-based prevalence differed for and clinical isolates.
CONCLUSIONS
-specific prevalence was identified among clinical isolates. These three loci may be unique toxin genes and promising targets for the rapid identification of in clinical settings.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Pasteurella multocida; Pets; Virulence; Prevalence
PubMed: 36544338
DOI: 10.3343/alm.2023.43.3.263 -
IDCases 2017We describe a case of refractory keratitis that initially failed antimicrobial treatment but was successfully treated with a conjunctival flap followed by a penetrating...
INTRODUCTION
We describe a case of refractory keratitis that initially failed antimicrobial treatment but was successfully treated with a conjunctival flap followed by a penetrating keratoplasty.
CASE DISCUSSION
A 70-year-old male had persistent corneal edema related to previous herpes zoster keratouveitis with visual acuity of 20/400. An endothelial keratoplasty was performed with improvement in vision to 20/25. Several months after this surgery the patient developed a corneal infiltrate and cultures grew . The infection persisted despite topical treatment with broad spectrum fortified vancomycin, tobramycin and fluoroquinolones. A conjunctival flap combined with corneal cryotherapy was performed to help mitigate symptoms and to allow the ulcer to heal. A penetrating keratoplasty was done several months later.
DISCUSSION
The patient achieved pain relief immediately after the flap was placed. Medications were tapered off in the following few months after the procedure. A penetrating keratoplasty was performed 4 months later. The patient has remained almost entirely symptom free, and the graft remained clear one year after surgery.
CONCLUSIONS
A keratitis caused by that is resistant to medical therapy can be treated successfully with a conjunctival flap and cryotherapy followed by a penetrating keratoplasty.
PubMed: 28660128
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2017.05.012 -
Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia :... Dec 2023
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Pasteurella; Pasteurella Infections; Bites and Stings; Wound Infection
PubMed: 37772341
DOI: 10.37201/req/035.2023 -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... Nov 2009Several bacteria belonging to the family Pasteurellaceae are potential pathogens in rabbits. In particular, Pasteurella multocida is considered to be important, and...
Several bacteria belonging to the family Pasteurellaceae are potential pathogens in rabbits. In particular, Pasteurella multocida is considered to be important, and outbreaks caused by this species result in considerable economic losses in rabbitries. However, Pasteurellaceae spp. isolated from rabbits are poorly characterized, and thus, proper identification of P. multocida isolates from these animals is problematic and often unsatisfactory, thereby hampering epidemiological investigations. Therefore, 228 isolates from rabbit populations originating from a breeding and fattening organization with group management and postmortem cases with pasteurellosis from individual owners were phenotypically and genotypically analyzed using biochemical tests and repetitive extragenic palindromic polymerase chain reaction (REP-PCR). Furthermore, 41 samples representing observed phenotypes were selected for phylogenetic analysis using 16S ribosomal RNA and rpoB genes. The REP-PCR typing and phylogenetic analyses correlated well and appeared to be distinct molecular methods for characterization of rabbit isolates. Phenotyping, however, diverged from molecular recognition, reflecting the problematic conventional diagnosis of these strains. The fermentation of sorbitol appeared to be an imprecise indicator for P. multocida subspecies classification. According to REP-PCR and sequencing results, 82% of the isolates were characterized as P. multocida subsp. multocida, 3% as P. multocida subsp. septica, and 5% as P. multocida. Further, 5% were identified as Pasteurella canis. The other 5% represented a homogeneous group of unknown species belonging to the Pasteurellaceae. Samples obtained from individual postmortem cases demonstrated a higher phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity than samples from group management rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; DNA Primers; Genotype; Pasteurella Infections; Pasteurella multocida; Phenotype; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rabbits; Respiratory Tract Infections; Switzerland
PubMed: 19901279
DOI: 10.1177/104063870902100605 -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Feb 2016We report the case of a 56-year-old female patient, with a three-day history of hematemesis, melena, abdominal wall hematoma and epistaxis associated with...
We report the case of a 56-year-old female patient, with a three-day history of hematemesis, melena, abdominal wall hematoma and epistaxis associated with thrombocytopenia and anemia. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura was diagnosed and she was treated with dexamethasone for four days. The patient developed acute respiratory failure with signs of systemic inflammatory response. Blood and pleural fluid cultures grew Pasteurella canis. This is the first case, to our knowledge, of P. canis empyema associated with hemorrhagic septicemia without epidemiological background and the third case of septicemia caused by P. canis reported in the literature.
Topics: Empyema, Pleural; Female; Hemorrhagic Septicemia; Humans; Middle Aged; Pasteurella; Pasteurella Infections
PubMed: 26965885
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182016000100015 -
Veterinary Medicine and Science Jan 2023As the clinical outcome of bite-associated infection is related to the oral commensals, evaluating their composition and antibiotic susceptibility pattern can provide...
BACKGROUND
As the clinical outcome of bite-associated infection is related to the oral commensals, evaluating their composition and antibiotic susceptibility pattern can provide more information for the antibiotic treatment of wound infections and increase the awareness of the multidrug-resistant bacteria in cat oral flora.
AIMS
This study was conducted to identify the various bacterial species in the oral cavity of cats. It aimed to identify the composition of cat oral flora and antibiotic resistant bacterial stains.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-two cats were sampled for bacterial evaluation. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry was used to provide rapid and reliable detection and identification of the bacterial species. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed in the identified isolates to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern and to detect the multidrug-resistant bacteria in the cat oral cavities.
RESULTS
A total of 54 isolates were identified, Pasteurella was the genus most commonly isolated from the oral cavity of cats (19/54, 35.19%), followed by Neisseria spp. (8/54, 14.81%) and Staphylococcus spp. (7/54, 12.96%). Uncommon oral flora were isolated from the samples, including Pasteurella canis, Inquilinus limosus and the Enterobacteriaceae family of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens. Fourteen different multidrug-resistant bacteria were detected, including Pasteurella species (4/14), Bacillus species (2/14), Neisseria species (3/14), Escherichia species (1/14) and Staphylococcus species (4/14).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
This study's findings will increase the understanding of the composition of cat oral flora in Hong Kong, which can provide more evidence-based information for the prophylactic treatment of patients with cat bite infections. Moreover, the study identified and detected the antibiotic resistance pattern and multidrug-resistant bacteria in the cat oral cavity, which can help cat owners increase their awareness of maintaining regular oral hygiene for their cats to prevent the spread of pathogens from cats to humans.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Hong Kong; Enterobacteriaceae; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Escherichia coli
PubMed: 36520663
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1040 -
Porto Biomedical Journal 2017Pasteurella species are a component of the normal oropharyngeal flora in canine animals. In humans, the skin and soft tissue are the most common sites for Pasteurella...
Pasteurella species are a component of the normal oropharyngeal flora in canine animals. In humans, the skin and soft tissue are the most common sites for Pasteurella infection and, less commonly, the respiratory tract can also be affected. We report a case of pneumonia by Pasteurella canis in a chronic respiratory disease patient with a history of permanent contact with a dog.
PubMed: 32258587
DOI: 10.1016/j.pbj.2017.01.005 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology May 2005The identification of Pasteurella and related bacteria remains a challenge. Here, a 449- to 473-bp fragment (sodA(int)) internal to the sodA gene, encoding the...
The identification of Pasteurella and related bacteria remains a challenge. Here, a 449- to 473-bp fragment (sodA(int)) internal to the sodA gene, encoding the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase, was amplified and sequenced with a single pair of degenerate primers from the type strains of Pasteurella (18 strains), Gallibacterium (1 strain), and Mannheimia (5 strains) species. The sodA(int)-based phylogenetic tree was in general agreement with that inferred from the analysis of the corresponding 16S rRNA gene sequences, with members of the Pasteurella sensu stricto cluster (Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella canis, Pasteurella dagmatis, and Pasteurella stomatis) forming a monophyletic group and Gallibacterium and Mannheimia being independent monophyletic genera. However, the sodA(int) sequences showed a markedly higher divergence than the corresponding 16S rRNA genes, confirming that sodA is a potent target to differentiate related species. Thirty-three independent human clinical isolates phenotypically assigned to 13 Pasteurella species by a reference laboratory were successfully identified by comparing their sodA(int) sequences to those of the type species. In the course of this work, we identified the first Gallibacterium anatis isolate ever reported from a human clinical specimen. The sodA(int) sequences of the clinical isolates displayed less than 2.5% divergence from those of the corresponding type strains, except for the Pasteurella pneumotropica isolates, which were closely related to each other (> 98% sodA(int) sequence identity) but shared only 92% sodA(int) identity with the type strain. The method described here provides a rapid and accurate tool for species identification of Pasteurella isolates when access to a sequencing facility is available.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; DNA Primers; DNA, Bacterial; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Pasteurella; Pasteurella Infections; Pasteurellaceae; Phylogeny; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 15872260
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.43.5.2307-2314.2005