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Frontiers in Public Health 2021The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin in 1985, comprises five items with seven response options in terms of...
The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin in 1985, comprises five items with seven response options in terms of agreement-disagreement. Recently, there has been a suggestion to reduce the response options of the SWLS to optimize its applicability in different cultural contexts. The study aims to assess the psychometric properties of the SWLS with five response options in the Colombian population. Specifically, we studied the dimensionality, invariance by gender and age (among a group of adolescents and emerging adults under 25 years and a group of adults of intermediate age and established adulthood under 59 years), convergent validity (with optimism), and divergent (with pessimism) and concurrent validity with other measures of well-being (flourishing, positive, and negative affects). This project was a cross-sectional study using a non-probabilistic sample of the general population. Participants were included if they identified themselves as Colombian and were at least 18 years of age. The final sample comprised 1,255 participants. The average age was 25.62 years (SD = 8.60) ranging from 18 to 67 years of age, and 35.8% of the participants were men. In addition to SWLS, we used the Flourishing Scale (FS), Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE). Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.842), composite reliability (0.851), and average variance extracted (0.537) showed very good values. CFA was conducted to test the one-dimensional structure of FS, showing excellent goodness of fit [ = 15.774, < 0.001, CFI = 0.992, TLI = 0.985, RMSEA = 0.042, 90% RMSEA CI (0.020, 0.066), and SRMR = 0.016]. The correlations calculated among life satisfaction (SWLS) with flourishing (FS), positive and negative affects (SPANE), optimism, and pessimism (LOT-R) were statistically significant and as expected. Configural, metric, and scalar invariance across gender and age were confirmed. Percentiles were provided for the total score and for age. The SWLS with five response options has adequate psychometric properties in the Colombian population, and the use of this version (with 5 response options) is recommended due to its greater applicability.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Colombia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Personal Satisfaction; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 35096737
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.767534 -
Journal of Environmental and Public... 2022Teenage depression, also known as TD, is a common mental illness that is characterized by symptoms such as hopelessness, helplessness, pessimism, depression, and...
Teenage depression, also known as TD, is a common mental illness that is characterized by symptoms such as hopelessness, helplessness, pessimism, depression, and decreased energy. It has always been a hot topic to discuss how rewards and punishments work in education. In order to prevent and treat adolescent depression, this study examines the mechanisms of educational reinforcement and punishment as well as psychological interventions. In this study, the activated brain regions are analyzed using data mining (DM) technology to determine whether they are significantly more or less active than the rest of the brain of students who are not experiencing negative emotions. When the word vector has 90 dimensions, the results demonstrate that the average 1 value of the weighted word vector method is 81.3 percent. It has been established that the approach taken in this work offers a reliable way to diagnose TD.
Topics: Adolescent; Depression; Humans; Psychosocial Intervention; Punishment; Reward; Students
PubMed: 36111067
DOI: 10.1155/2022/3919519 -
Archives of Physical Medicine and... Feb 2022To examine the trajectories of persistent postconcussion symptoms (PPCS) after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) and to investigate which injury-related and personal...
OBJECTIVE
To examine the trajectories of persistent postconcussion symptoms (PPCS) after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) and to investigate which injury-related and personal factors are associated with symptom reporting.
DESIGN
Prospective longitudinal cohort study. Follow-up at 3 and 12 months postinjury.
SETTING
A level 1 trauma center and an emergency outpatient clinic.
PARTICIPANTS
Patients with MTBI (n=358), trauma controls (n=75), and community controls (n=78).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Symptoms were assessed with the British Columbia Postconcussion Symptom Inventory (BC-PSI). Participants were categorized as having moderate to severe PPCS (msPPCS) when reporting ≥3 moderate/severe symptoms or a BC-PSI total score of ≥13. BC-PSI total scores were compared between the groups and were further used to create cutoffs for reliable change by identifying uncommon and very uncommon change in symptoms in the community control group. Associations between symptom reporting and 25 injury-related and personal factors were examined.
RESULTS
The MTBI group had a similar prevalence of msPPCS at 3 and 12 months (21%) and reported more symptoms than the control groups. Analyses of individual trajectories, however, revealed considerable change in both msPPCS and BC-PSI total scores in the MTBI group, where both worsening and improvement was common. Intracranial lesions on computed tomography were associated with a greater likelihood of improving from 3 to 12 months. Those with msPPCS at both assessments were more likely to be women and to have these personal preinjury factors: reduced employment, pain, poor sleep, low resilience, high neuroticism and pessimism, and a psychiatric history.
CONCLUSIONS
Group analyses suggest a stable prevalence of msPPCS the first year postinjury. However, there was considerable intraindividual change. Several personal factors were associated with maintaining symptoms throughout the first year.
Topics: Brain Concussion; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Post-Concussion Syndrome; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 34695386
DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.09.016 -
MedRxiv : the Preprint Server For... May 2023We sought to explore the variation in emotional responses and identify clusters of emotional patterns associated with sociodemographic, clinical, and familial factors.
OBJECTIVE
We sought to explore the variation in emotional responses and identify clusters of emotional patterns associated with sociodemographic, clinical, and familial factors.
METHODS
A large-scale survey with questions on demographics, experiences, and emotions at the time of diagnosis was sent to childhood cancer caregivers and completed between August 2012 and April 2019. Dimensionality reduction and statistical tests for independence were used to investigate relationships between sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors and 32 representative emotions.
RESULTS
Data from 3142 respondents were analyzed. Through principal components analysis and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding analysis, three clusters of emotional responses were identified, captured 44%, 20% and 36% of respondents, respectively. Hallmark emotions within each cluster were "anger and grief" (Cluster 1), "pessimism, relief, impatience, insecurity, discouragement, and calm" (Cluster 2), and "hope" (Cluster 3). Cluster membership was associated with differences in parental factors, such as educational attainment, family income, and biological parent status, as well as child-specific factors, including age at diagnosis and cancer type.
CONCLUSIONS
The study revealed substantial heterogeneity in emotional responses to a child's cancer diagnosis than previously recognized, with differences linked to both caregiver and child-related factors. These findings underscore the importance of developing responsive and effective programs to improve targeted support for caregivers from the time of diagnosis throughout a family's childhood cancer journey.
PubMed: 37292771
DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.24.23290421 -
BJPsych Open May 2021Although mental distress and quality of life (QoL) impairments because of the pandemic have increased worldwide, the way that each community has been affected has varied.
BACKGROUND
Although mental distress and quality of life (QoL) impairments because of the pandemic have increased worldwide, the way that each community has been affected has varied.
AIMS
This study evaluated the impact of social distancing imposed by coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) on Brazilians' mental health and QoL.
METHOD
In this cross-sectional community-based online survey, data from 1156 community-dwelling adults were gathered between 11 May and 3 June 2020. We examined independent correlates of depression, anxiety and QoL, including sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, optimism/pessimism and spiritual/religious coping. Dependent variables were assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire for depressive symptoms, the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale for anxiety symptoms, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF for QoL. Correlates of depressive and anxiety disorder were estimated using logistic regression.
RESULTS
There were high levels of depressive symptoms (41.9%) and anxiety symptoms (29.0%) in participants. Negative spiritual/religious coping was positively correlated with depressive disorder (odds ratio (OR) = 2.14 95% CI 1.63-2.80; P < 0.001) and with anxiety disorder (OR = 2.46 95% CI 1.90-3.18; P < 0.001), and associated with worse social and environmental QoL (P < 0.001). Healthcare professionals were less likely to have depressive symptoms (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.55-0.93; P < 0.001). Participants with friend/family with COVID-19 scored lower on psychological and environmental QoL (P < 0.05). Participants with a longer duration of social isolation were less likely to experience anxiety disorder (OR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.98-0.99; P = 0.004).
CONCLUSIONS
We found high levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms and low levels of QoL in Brazil, which has become a pandemic epicentre. Several characteristics were associated with negative mental health symptoms in this study. This information may contribute to local health policies in dealing with the mental health consequences of COVID-19.
PubMed: 33988122
DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2021.62 -
Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki 2020The present study aimed to explore the role of dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs in Eating Disorders (EDs) and their potential associations with core and comorbid...
The present study aimed to explore the role of dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs in Eating Disorders (EDs) and their potential associations with core and comorbid symptoms. The Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire 6.0 (EDE-Q), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Maudsley Obsessive- Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) were used to evaluate 44 Anorexia Nervosa (AN), 50 Bulimia Nervosa (BN) patients and 37 controls. Patients featured more dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs which positively correlated with ED and comorbid symptoms. Both AN and BN patients had higher scores than healthy controls on MCQ-30 total score, Positive Beliefs about Worry, Negative Beliefs about Thoughts Uncontrollability and Danger and Need to Control Thoughts. AN patients also featured higher scores than healthy controls on Cognitive Self-Consciousness. No statistically significant difference was found between the two clinical groups in MCQ-30 total and subscale scores. Among metacognitive beliefs, Negative Beliefs about thoughts Uncontrollability and Danger showed the stronger correlations with core EDs symptoms, (coefficients ranging from 0.24 to 0.40), followed by Need to Control Thoughts (coefficients ranging from 0.22 to 0.38). Dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs were also significantly positively correlated with HADS-Anxiety, HADS-Depression and MOCI Total, in a similar manner. Dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs also predicted 19%, 35%, 20%, and 21% of the variance in Global EDE-Q, HADS-Anxiety, HADS-Depression and MOCI Total scores respectively, in regression analyses. Nevertheless, mediation analysis indicated that the relationship between Negative Beliefs about thoughts Uncontrollability and Danger and core EDs symptomatology as measured by EDE-Q, was not mediated by comorbid anxiety, depression and obsessionality. As a result, dysfunctions in metacognitive beliefs may reflect a common, trans-diagnostic path in AN and BN patients, towards a wide range of symptoms, both core and comorbid.
Topics: Adult; Anorexia Nervosa; Anxiety; Bulimia Nervosa; Comorbidity; Correlation of Data; Culture; Depression; Female; Greece; Humans; Male; Mental Status Schedule; Metacognition; Optimism; Pessimism; Psychological Techniques
PubMed: 33099463
DOI: 10.22365/jpsych.2020.313.225 -
Women and Birth : Journal of the... May 2022Prenatal depression and anxiety are linked to poor maternal and infant outcomes. We need to understand predictors of poor mental health to identify at-risk women, and...
Perceived social support and prenatal wellbeing; The mediating effects of loneliness and repetitive negative thinking on anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic.
PROBLEM
Prenatal depression and anxiety are linked to poor maternal and infant outcomes. We need to understand predictors of poor mental health to identify at-risk women, and targets for support.
BACKGROUND
Previous research has demonstrated a relationship between low levels of perceived social support, and depression and anxiety in pregnant women. However, there is a lack of research into the factors that may mediate this relationship.
AIM
As social distancing measures (e.g., lockdown) are likely to negatively affect women's perceived support in the prenatal period, we investigated the relationship between perceived social support and both anxiety and depression in UK-based pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further, we examined two potential mediators that may contribute to psychological symptoms: repetitive negative thinking and loneliness.
METHODS
We administered a battery of online measures to a sample of pregnant women (N=205) between May-June 2020, during the first peak of the pandemic in the UK, when perceived social support was likely to be low.
RESULTS
Consistent with predictions, perceived social support was significantly negatively related to depression, anxiety, loneliness and repetitive negative thinking. Furthermore, repetitive negative thinking and loneliness mediated the relationship between perceived social support and both depression and anxiety. Moreover, perceived social support and loneliness were associated with specific types of online behaviours.
CONCLUSIONS
Taken together, the findings shed light on the processes through which social support may exert its effects on depression and anxiety and highlight potential therapeutic targets for interventions which aim to prevent and treat mood disorders in perinatal cohorts.
Topics: Anxiety; COVID-19; Communicable Disease Control; Depression; Female; Humans; Loneliness; Pandemics; Pessimism; Pregnancy; SARS-CoV-2; Social Support
PubMed: 33422441
DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2020.12.014 -
International Journal of Clinical and... 2022This study aims to analyze the psychometric properties of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), examining the reliability of scale scores and providing validity...
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE
This study aims to analyze the psychometric properties of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), examining the reliability of scale scores and providing validity evidence for its use with breast cancer patients. We provide validity evidence based on internal structure and on relationships with positive psychological variables and other variables indicative of psychological adjustment.
METHOD
Participants were 222 Spanish women with a diagnosis of breast cancer. They completed the SWLS and a battery of questionnaires measuring positive and negative affect, self-esteem, resilience, emotional intelligence, flourishing, optimism, depression, anxiety, and stress.
RESULTS
Confirmatory factor analysis supported a single-factor structure for the SWLS, S-B (5) = 7.36, = .19, CFI = .99, NNFI = .99, RMSEA = .046. The reliability of test scores estimated with McDonald's omega yielded a value of .80. Validity evidence was provided by a positive correlation between SWLS scores and positive affect, self-esteem, resilience, emotional intelligence (specifically, clarity and repair), flourishing, and optimism (range: .24, .69), and by a negative correlation with negative affect, pessimism, depression, anxiety, and stress (range: -.25, -.59).
CONCLUSIONS
The Spanish version of the SWLS showed satisfactory psychometric properties and it is an appropriate measure for use in the breast cancer context.
PubMed: 34703465
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2021.100274 -
International Journal of Mental Health... 2021The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is currently a global health threat attributed to negatively affecting the mental health and well-being of people globally. The...
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is currently a global health threat attributed to negatively affecting the mental health and well-being of people globally. The purpose of the present study is to examine the mediating role of optimism-pessimism and psychological inflexibility in the relationship of coronavirus stress with psychological problems among Turkish adults. The sample of the study included 451 adults (55% women). Participants mainly consisted of young adults with a mean age of 23.30 years, ranging from 18 to 65 years (SD = 6.97). A mediation model indicated that coronavirus stress had a significant predictive effect on optimism-pessimism, psychological inflexibility, and psychological problems. Further, optimism-pessimism and psychological inflexibility mediated the effect of coronavirus stress on psychological problems in adults. Lastly, optimism-pessimism predicted the psychological problems of adults through psychological inflexibility. These results elucidate our understanding of the role of mediators in coronavirus stress and psychological health problems. The findings are useful in terms of providing evidence for tailoring interventions and implementing preventative approaches to mitigate the psychopathological consequences of COVID-19. Based on the present findings, the potential utility of acceptance and commitment therapy is discussed within the context of COVID-19.
PubMed: 32837425
DOI: 10.1007/s11469-020-00337-6 -
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and... 2022Diabetes-related distress is a unique emotional problem that is directly related to the burden and anxieties felt by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients....
BACKGROUND
Diabetes-related distress is a unique emotional problem that is directly related to the burden and anxieties felt by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Diabetes-related distress may lead to pessimism and lower self-efficacy which resulted in a deficiency of self-treatment compliance and can cause further bad glycemic control. Knowing the associated factors of diabetic-related distress and solving them may help T2DM patients improve their glycemic control.
METHODS
This study is an analytical study with cross-sectional design conducted at Sanglah General Hospital from January to April 2021. The data were taken using the consecutive sampling method; 124 samples were collected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants filled Diabetes Distress Scale questionnaire (DDS17 Bahasa Indonesia). The data analysis was done using univariate (descriptive), bivariate (chi-square) and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis.
RESULTS
Seventy-five subjects out of 124 (60.5%) had diabetes-related distress. The associated factors of diabetes-related distress one among others are the insulin usage as diabetic therapy (OR= 8.30, 95% CI 2.24-30.72; p = 0.002), had a hypoglycaemia in last 3 months (OR=44.59, 95% CI 4.36-455.51; p = 0.001), had diabetes-related retinopathy (OR=10.28, CI 95% 1.54-68.70; p=0.016), and lack of family support (OR=44.791, 95% CI 10.02-200.22; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Our present study revealed that diabetes distress prevalence is predominantly and associated among in type 2 diabetes mellitus. We suggest diabetes-related distress screening and regular health promotion which focus on relationship between diabetes and psychological may be a great potential action to improve public health and patient outcomes.
PubMed: 35873530
DOI: 10.2147/DMSO.S363431