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The Saudi Dental Journal Mar 2022is suggested to be associated with the production of volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) and can be found in subgingival plaques of deep periodontal pockets. We examined...
OBJECTIVE
is suggested to be associated with the production of volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) and can be found in subgingival plaques of deep periodontal pockets. We examined whether this bacterium's count was reduced in periodontitis patients with halitosis following non-surgical periodontal treatment, while the bacterial count of was measured simultaneously as a control.
MATERIAL & METHODS
This clinical study included 20 adults with chronic periodontitis who complained of halitosis. The bacterial relationship in the subgingival plaque sample was measured after 8 weeks post-treatment, including the probing pocket depth (PPD). Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to measure the proportion of , while the concentrations of HS and CHSH were determined using oral ChromaTM.
RESULTS
The presence of was consistently observed in participants with periodontitis before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment and consistent showed a significantly lower proportion compared with . showed a strong positive correlation with HS and CHSH concentrations, but a negative correlation with deep periodontal pocket measurements. Conversely, reduced may be more associated with a deep pocket, independent of the concentration of CHSH.
CONCLUSION
The study data showed that the proportion of in the subgingival biofilm can be related to halitosis in periodontitis patients.
PubMed: 35935717
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.02.003 -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Feb 2022Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X-linked primary immunodeficiency, characterized by micro-thrombocytopenia, recurrent infections, and eczema. This study aims to... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X-linked primary immunodeficiency, characterized by micro-thrombocytopenia, recurrent infections, and eczema. This study aims to describe common oral manifestations and evaluate oral microbioma of WAS patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
In this cohort study, 11 male WAS patients and 16 male healthy controls were evaluated in our Center between 2010 and 2018. Data about clinical history, oral examination, Gingival Index (GI) and Plaque Index (PI) were collected from both groups. Periodontal microbiological flora was evaluated on samples of the gingival sulcus.
RESULTS
WAS subjects presented with premature loss of deciduous and permanent teeth, inclusions, eruption disturbance, and significantly worse GI and PI. They also showed a trend toward a higher total bacterial load. Fusobacterium nucleatum, reported to contribute to periodontitis onset, was the most prevalent bacteria, together with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia.
CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest that WAS patients are at greater risk of alterations in the oral cavity. The statistically higher incidence of periodontitis and the trend to higher prevalence of potentially pathological bacterial species in our small cohort, that should be confirmed in future in a larger population, underline the importance of dentistry monitoring as part of the multidisciplinary management of WAS patients.
Topics: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Child; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Periodontitis; Prevotella intermedia; Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
PubMed: 35199474
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.503 -
The American Journal of Case Reports Feb 2020BACKGROUND Acute bacterial pericarditis is rare, and the incidence numbers have been declining in the modern antibiotic era. Purulent bacterial pericarditis is a fatal...
BACKGROUND Acute bacterial pericarditis is rare, and the incidence numbers have been declining in the modern antibiotic era. Purulent bacterial pericarditis is a fatal disease in which mortality rates can reach 100% if left untreated. CASE REPORT We present a case of primary purulent bacterial pericarditis with polymicrobial growth including Micromonas micro, Prevotella intermedia and Fusobacterium species, all of which are anaerobic flora of the oral cavity. Constant re-accumulation of the purulent pericardial effusion led the patient to have recurrent echocardiographic and clinical cardiac tamponade requiring recurrent pericardiocentesis' and eventually a pericardial window. CONCLUSIONS Although rare, bacterial pericarditis has been noted to lead to clinical and echocardiographic tamponade. Early diagnosis and treatment are necessary for improving clinical outcomes. It is important to have a suspicion for purulent pericarditis, due to its high level of mortality, in patients who present with non-specific symptoms and pleuritic chest pain.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Cardiac Tamponade; Fusobacterium; Humans; Male; Pericardiocentesis; Pericarditis; Prevotella intermedia; Rare Diseases
PubMed: 32107365
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.921633 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Oct 2023This study is aimed at determining the effect of concomitant antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPTD) on periodontal disease and glycaemic control in patients with type... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVES
This study is aimed at determining the effect of concomitant antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPTD) on periodontal disease and glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-four patients with T2DM were enrolled in the study. Periodontal clinical parameters were assessed by measuring probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival recession (GR), full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS), full-mouth plaque score (FMPS), and full-mouth sulcus bleeding score (FMSBS). Glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was measured. To determine the presence of the following periodontal pathogenic bacteria, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola, subgingival plaque samples were taken from two periodontal pockets per jaw with the greatest PPD using paper tips. Patients were randomly divided into the test and control group. In the test group, full-mouth disinfection was performed in combination with aPTD. In the control group, only full-mouth disinfection was performed.
RESULTS
The results showed an improvement in periodontal clinical parameters in both groups. The difference between the groups in favour of the test group was statistically significant for BOP. The HbA1c level decreased in both groups. The difference was not statistically significant. The results of the microbiological analysis suggest that the presence of periodontal pathogenic bacteria is lower with additional antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with statistically significant difference for T. forsythia.
CONCLUSIONS
Additional aPDT causes a significant reduction in BoP in the proportion of positive sites for periodontal pathogens.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05816941.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
aPTD is a noninvasive adjunctive therapy that can positively influence the periodontal treatment outcome.
Topics: Humans; Glycemic Control; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glycated Hemoglobin; Periodontal Diseases; Photochemotherapy; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Anti-Infective Agents; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Dental Scaling; Chronic Periodontitis
PubMed: 37672083
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05239-0 -
Cancer Science Apr 2024The indigenous microbial milieu within tumorous tissues exerts a pivotal influence on the genesis and advancement of gastric cancer (GC). This investigation scrutinizes...
The indigenous microbial milieu within tumorous tissues exerts a pivotal influence on the genesis and advancement of gastric cancer (GC). This investigation scrutinizes the functions and molecular mechanisms attributed to Prevotella intermedia in the malignant evolution of GC. Isolation of P. intermedia from paired GC tissues was undertaken. Quantification of P. intermedia abundance in 102 tissues was accomplished using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Assessment of the biological effects of P. intermedia on GC cells was observed using culture medium supernatant. Furthermore, the protein profile of GC cells treated with tumor-derived P. intermedia was examined through label-free protein analysis. The functionality of perilipin 3 (PLIN3) was subsequently confirmed using shRNA. Our investigation revealed that the relative abundance of P. intermedia in tumor tissues significantly surpassed that of corresponding healthy tissues. The abundance of P. intermedia exhibited correlations with tumor differentiation (p = 0.006), perineural invasion (p = 0.004), omentum majus invasion (p = 0.040), and the survival duration of GC patients (p = 0.042). The supernatant derived from tumor-associated P. intermedia bolstered the proliferation, clone formation, migration, and invasion of GC cells. After indirect co-cultivation with tumor-derived P. intermedia, dysregulation of 34 proteins, including PLIN3, was discerned in GC cells. Knockdown of PLIN3 mitigated the malignancy instigated by P. intermedia in GC cells. Our findings posit that P. intermedia from the tumor microenvironment plays a substantial role in the malignant progression of GC via the modulation of PLIN3 expression. Moreover, the relative abundance of P. intermedia might serve as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of GC.
Topics: Humans; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Perilipin-3; Prevotella intermedia; Prognosis; Stomach Neoplasms; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 38287724
DOI: 10.1111/cas.16080 -
Microbiology Spectrum Dec 2022Oral microbial dysbiosis contributes to the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Numerous studies have focused on variations in the oral bacterial...
Oral microbial dysbiosis contributes to the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Numerous studies have focused on variations in the oral bacterial microbiota of patients with OSCC. However, similar studies on fungal microbiota, another integral component of the oral microbiota, are scarce. Moreover, there is an evidence gap regarding the role that microecosystems play in different niches of the oral cavity at different stages of oral carcinogenesis. Here, we catalogued the microbial communities in the human oral cavity by profiling saliva, gingival plaque, and mucosal samples at different stages of oral carcinogenesis. We analyzed the oral bacteriome and mycobiome along the health-premalignancy-carcinoma sequence. Some species, including Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Acremonium exuviarum, and Aspergillus fumigatus, were enriched, whereas others, such as Streptococcus salivarius subsp. , Scapharca broughtonii, Mortierella echinula, and Morchella septimelata, were depleted in OSCC. These findings suggest that an array of signature species, including bacteria and fungi, are closely associated with oral carcinogenesis. OSCC-associated diversity differences, species distinction, and functional alterations were most remarkable in mucosal samples, not in gingival plaque or saliva samples, suggesting an urgent need to define oral carcinogenesis-associated microbial dysbiosis based on the spatial microbiome. Abundant oral microorganisms constitute a complex microecosystem within the oral environment of the host, which plays a critical role in the adjustment of various physiological and pathological states of the oral cavity. In this study, we demonstrated that variations in the "core microbiome" may be used to predict carcinogenesis. In addition, sample data collected from multiple oral sites along the health-premalignancy-carcinoma sequence increase our understanding of the microecosystems of different oral niches and their specific changes during oral carcinogenesis. This work provides insight into the roles of bacteria and fungi in OSCC and may contribute to the development of early diagnostic assays and novel treatments.
Topics: Humans; Mycobiome; Mouth Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Dysbiosis; Bacteria; Fungi
PubMed: 36445134
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02737-22 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) May 2022For the treatment of periodontitis stage III/IV, a quadrant/week-wise debridement (Q-SRP) was compared with three full-mouth approaches: full-mouth scaling (FMS,...
For the treatment of periodontitis stage III/IV, a quadrant/week-wise debridement (Q-SRP) was compared with three full-mouth approaches: full-mouth scaling (FMS, accelerated Q-SRP within 24 h), full-mouth scaling with chlorhexidine-based disinfection (FMD), and FMD with adjuvant erythritol air polishing (FMDAP). The objective of this prospective, randomized study (a substudy of ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03509233) was to compare the clinical and microbiological effects of the treatments. In total, 105 patients were randomized to one of the four aforementioned treatment groups, with = 25, 28, 27, and 25 patients allocated to each group, respectively. At baseline and 3 and 6 months after treatment, the clinical parameters, including the pocket probing depths, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing, were recorded, and the prevalence of the total bacteria and four periodontal pathobionts (, , , and ) was determined using real-time quantitative PCR. Concerning the clinical outcomes, all the treatment modalities were effective, but the full-mouth approaches, especially FMDAP, were slightly superior to Q-SRP. Using the FMD approach, the reduction in the bacterial load and the number of pathobionts was significantly greater than for FMS, followed by Q-SRP. FMDAP was the least effective protocol for microbial reduction. However, after a temporary increase 3 months after therapy using FMDAP, a significant decrease in the key pathogen, , was observed. These findings were not consistent with the clinical results from the FMDAP group. In conclusion, the dynamics of bacterial colonization do not necessarily correlate with clinical outcomes after full-mouth treatments for periodontitis stage III/IV.
PubMed: 35625330
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050686 -
Antibacterial activity of Brazilian red propolis and in vitro evaluation of free radical production.Archives of Oral Biology Nov 2022This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of crude Brazilian red propolis (BRP) extract against anaerobic bacteria involved in primary endodontic...
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of crude Brazilian red propolis (BRP) extract against anaerobic bacteria involved in primary endodontic infection. Additionally, we evaluate the cell viability and free radical production of human dental pulp fibroblasts (HDPF) in direct contact with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and BRP.
DESIGN
The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MIC, MBC) and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Biofilm (MICB) of BRP against anaerobic endodontic pathogens were determined. HDPF were exposed to BRP10 (10 μg/mL), BRP50 (50 μg/mL), MTA extract (1:1, 1:2, 1:4 e 1:8), dimethyl sulfoxide 0.5% (DMSO), and cell culture medium (DMEM). The groups were tested for cell viability (MTT assay), and free radical production (reactive oxygen species - ROS, DCFH-DA probe and nitric oxide - NO, Griess reagent). The one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests were employed at a significance level of 5%.
RESULTS
MIC/MBC values of BRP performed antibacterial activity for Parvimonas micra (6.25/6.25 µg/mL), Fusobacterium nucleatum (25/25 µg/mL), Prevotella melaninogenica (50/100 µg/mL), Prevotella nigrescens (50/100 µg/mL), Prevotella intermedia (50/100 µg/mL), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (50/200 µg/mL). The MICB values ranged from 1.56 to 50 μg/mL. BRP and MTA stimulated cell viability, emphasizing BRP10 (p = 0.007). Furthermore, it was observed that MTA 1:1, MTA 1:2, and BRP50 slightly increased ROS (p < 0.001) and NO production (p = 0.008, p = 0.007, and p < 0.001 respectively) compared to DMEM group.
CONCLUSIONS
BRP exhibits good antibacterial activity against endodontic pathogens, and both BRP and MTA promote the viability of HDPF without increasing NO and ROS production.
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brazil; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nitric Oxide; Plant Extracts; Propolis; Reactive Oxygen Species
PubMed: 36049430
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105520 -
Microbiology Spectrum Jun 2023The purposes of this study were to examine the compositional changes in the salivary microbiota according to the severity of periodontal disease and to verify whether...
The purposes of this study were to examine the compositional changes in the salivary microbiota according to the severity of periodontal disease and to verify whether the distribution of specific bacterial species in saliva can distinguish the severity of disease. Saliva samples were collected from 8 periodontally healthy controls, 16 patients with gingivitis, 19 patients with moderate periodontitis, and 29 patients with severe periodontitis. The V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene in the samples were sequenced, and the levels of 9 bacterial species showing significant differences among the groups by sequencing analysis were identified using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The predictive performance of each bacterial species in distinguishing the severity of disease was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic curve. Twenty-nine species, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, increased as the severity of disease increased, whereas 6 species, including Rothia denticola, decreased. The relative abundances of P. gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Filifactor alocis, and Prevotella intermedia determined by qPCR were significantly different among the groups. The three bacterial species P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and F. alocis were positively correlated with the sum of the full-mouth probing depth and were moderately accurate at distinguishing the severity of periodontal disease. In conclusion, the salivary microbiota showed gradual compositional changes according to the severity of periodontitis, and the levels of P. gingivalis, , and F. alocis in mouth rinse saliva had the ability to distinguish the severity of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is one of the most widespread medical conditions and the leading cause of tooth loss, imposing high economic costs and an increasing burden worldwide as life expectancy increases. Changes in the subgingival bacterial community during the progression of periodontal disease can affect the entire oral ecosystem, and bacteria in saliva can reflect the degree of bacterial imbalance in the oral cavity. This study explored whether the specific bacterial species in saliva can distinguish the severity of periodontal disease by analyzing the salivary microbiota and suggested P. gingivalis, , and F. alocis as biomarkers for distinguishing the severity of periodontal disease in saliva.
Topics: Humans; Bacteroides; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Periodontal Diseases; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Periodontitis; Microbiota
PubMed: 37191548
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04327-22 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2021The thinned young apple is a by-product and is generally discarded in the orchard during fruit thinning. The polyphenol content of thinned young apples is about 10 times...
The thinned young apple is a by-product and is generally discarded in the orchard during fruit thinning. The polyphenol content of thinned young apples is about 10 times more than that of ripe apples. In our study, the antibacterial effect of thinned young apple polyphenols (YAP) on the halitosis-related bacteria including , , and was investigated. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of YAP against , , and were 8.0, 8.0, and 12.0 mg/ml, while the minimum bactericidal concentrations were 10.0, 10.0, and 14.0 mg/ml, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses showed that after YAP treatment, the membrane surface of halitosis-related bacterial cells was coarse and the cell wall and membrane were separated and eventually ruptured. The integrity of the cell membrane was determined by flow cytometry, indicating that the cells with the integrity membrane significantly reduced as the YAP concentration treatment increased. The release of proteins and nucleic acids into the cell suspension significantly increased, and the membrane potential reduced after the YAP treatment. This research illustrated the antibacterial mechanism of YAP against halitosis-related bacteria and provided a scientific basis of utilizing the polyphenols from the discarded thinned young apples.
PubMed: 35281303
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.745100