-
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2019The oral microbiota plays an important role in the human microbiome and human health, and imbalances between microbes and their hosts can lead to oral and systemic...
The oral microbiota plays an important role in the human microbiome and human health, and imbalances between microbes and their hosts can lead to oral and systemic diseases and chronic inflammation, which is usually caused by bacteria and contributes to cancer. There may be a relationship between oral bacteria and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC); however, this relationship has not been thoroughly characterized. Therefore, in this study, we compared the microbiota compositions between tumor sites and opposite normal tissues in buccal mucosal of 50 patients with OSCC using the 16S rDNA sequencing. Richness and diversity of bacteria were significantly higher in tumor sites than in the control tissues. Cancer tissues were enriched in six families (, and ) and 13 genera, including and . At the species level, the abundances of , and another five species were significantly increased, suggesting a potential association between these bacteria and OSCC. Furthermore, the functional prediction revealed that genes involved in bacterial chemotaxis, flagellar assembly and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis which are associated with various pathological processes, were significantly increased in the OSCC group. Overall, oral bacterial profiles showed significant difference between cancer sites and normal tissue of OSCC patients, which might be onsidered diagnostic markers and treatment targets. Our study has been registered in the Chinese clinical trial registry (ChiCTR1900025253, http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx).
Topics: Bacteria; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; DNA, Ribosomal; Female; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Humans; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Mouth; Mouth Mucosa; Peptostreptococcus; Prevotella intermedia; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 32010645
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00476 -
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD 2020Microbial agents including periodontal pathogens have recently appeared as important actors in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. We examined associations of clinical...
Microbial agents including periodontal pathogens have recently appeared as important actors in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. We examined associations of clinical periodontal and bacterial parameters with incident all-cause and AD dementia as well as AD mortality among US middle-aged and older adults. Clinical [Attachment Loss (AL); probing pocket depth (PPD)] and bacterial [pathogen immunoglobulin G (IgG)] periodontal markers were investigated in relation to AD and all-cause dementia incidence and to AD mortality, using data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES III, 1988-1994) linked longitudinally with National Death Index and Medicare data through January 1, 2014, with up to 26 years of follow-up. Sex- and age-specific multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were conducted. Among those ≥65 years, AD incidence and mortality were consistently associated with PPD, two factors and one cluster comprised of IgG titers against Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), Prevotella melaninogenica (P. melaninogenica) and Campylobacter rectus (C. rectus) among others. Specifically, AD incidence was linked to a composite of C. rectus and P. gingivalis titers (per SD, aHR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.04-1.43, p = 0.012), while AD mortality risk was increased with another composite (per SD, aHR = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.09-1.96, p = 0.017) loading highly on IgG for P. gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, C. rectus, Streptococcus intermedius, Capnocylophaga Ochracea, and P. melaninogenica. This study provides evidence for an association between periodontal pathogens and AD, which was stronger for older adults. Effectiveness of periodontal pathogen treatment on reducing sequelae of neurodegeneration should be tested in randomized controlled trials.
Topics: Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Campylobacter rectus; Dementia; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevotella melaninogenica; United States
PubMed: 32280099
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-200064 -
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Nov 2013The aim of this randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus reuteri-containing probiotic lozenges as an adjunct to scaling... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
AIM
The aim of this randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus reuteri-containing probiotic lozenges as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Thirty chronic periodontitis patients were recruited and monitored clinically and microbiologically at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks after therapy. All patients received one-stage full-mouth disinfection and randomly assigned over a test (SRP + probiotic, n = 15) or control (SRP + placebo, n = 15) group. The lozenges were used two times a day for 12 weeks.
RESULTS
At week 12, all clinical parameters were significantly reduced in both groups, while there was significantly more pocket depth reduction (p < 0.05) and attachment gain (p < 0.05) in moderate and deep pockets; more Porphyromonas gingivalis reduction was observed in the SRP + probiotic group.
CONCLUSIONS
The results indicate that oral administration of L. reuteri lozenges could be a useful adjunct to SRP in chronic periodontitis.
Topics: Adult; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Bacterial Load; Bacteroides; Chronic Periodontitis; Combined Modality Therapy; Dental Plaque; Dental Scaling; Disinfection; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingival Recession; Humans; Limosilactobacillus reuteri; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Pocket; Placebos; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevotella intermedia; Probiotics; Root Planing; Tablets
PubMed: 24164569
DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12155 -
Journal of Biomedical Science Oct 2022Owing to the heterogeneity of microbiota among individuals and populations, only Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis have been reported to be enriched in...
Enrichment of Prevotella intermedia in human colorectal cancer and its additive effects with Fusobacterium nucleatum on the malignant transformation of colorectal adenomas.
BACKGROUND
Owing to the heterogeneity of microbiota among individuals and populations, only Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis have been reported to be enriched in colorectal cancer (CRC) in multiple studies. Thus, the discovery of additional bacteria contributing to CRC development in various populations can be expected. We aimed to identify bacteria associated with the progression of colorectal adenoma to carcinoma and determine the contribution of these bacteria to malignant transformation in patients of Han Chinese origin.
METHODS
Microbiota composition was determined through 16S rRNA V3-V4 amplicon sequencing of autologous adenocarcinomas, adenomatous polyps, and non-neoplastic colon tissue samples (referred to as "tri-part samples") in patients with CRC. Enriched taxa in adenocarcinoma tissues were identified through pairwise comparison. The abundance of candidate bacteria was quantified through genomic quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in tissue samples from 116 patients. Associations of candidate bacteria with clinicopathological features and genomic and genetic alterations were evaluated through odds ratio tests. Additionally, the effects of candidate bacteria on CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated through the co-culture of CRC cells with bacterial cells or with conditioned media from bacteria.
RESULTS
Prevotella intermedia was overrepresented in adenocarcinomas compared with paired adenomatous polyps. Furthermore, co-abundance of P. intermedia and F. nucleatum was observed in tumor tissues. More notably, the coexistence of these two bacteria in adenocarcinomas was associated with lymph node involvement and distant metastasis. These two bacteria also exerted additive effects on the enhancement of the migration and invasion abilities of CRC cells. Finally, conditioned media from P. intermedia promoted the migration and invasion of CRC cells.
CONCLUSION
This report is the first to demonstrate that P. intermedia is enriched in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues and enhances the migration and invasion abilities of CRC cells. Moreover, P. intermedia and F. nucleatum exert additive effects on the malignant transformation of colorectal adenomas into carcinomas. These findings can be used to identify patients at a high risk of malignant transformation of colorectal adenomas or metastasis of CRC, and they can accordingly be provided optimal clinical management.
Topics: Humans; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Prevotella intermedia; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Culture Media, Conditioned; Adenoma; Colorectal Neoplasms; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Bacteria; Adenocarcinoma; Adenomatous Polyps
PubMed: 36303164
DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00869-0 -
Acta Clinica Croatica Feb 2022Recent clinical and scientific evidence confirms the negative impact of long-term periodontitis on the clinical course and progression of various liver diseases.... (Review)
Review
Recent clinical and scientific evidence confirms the negative impact of long-term periodontitis on the clinical course and progression of various liver diseases. Periodontitis is a chronic, slow-progressing infectious disease of the tooth supporting tissues caused mainly by the gram-negative bacteria and These specific pathogens can be easily translocated from oral cavity to the intestine. Disruption of the intestine microbiota composition by orally derived periodontal pathogenic bacteria has recently been suggested to be a causal mechanism between periodontitis and liver disease. Furthermore, both diseases have the ability to induce an inflammatory response and lead to the creation of inflammatory mediators through which they may influence each other. Recent epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that individuals with liver cirrhosis have considerably poorer periodontal clinical parameters than those without cirrhosis. Periodontal therapy in cirrhosis patients favorably modulates oral and gut microbiome, the course of systemic inflammation, cirrhosis prognostic factors, and cognitive function. Therefore, future clinical researches should be focused on detailed examination of the biological mechanisms, strength and direction of the association between advanced liver disease and periodontitis.
Topics: Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis
PubMed: 35282488
DOI: 10.20471/acc.2021.60.03.22 -
Virulence Dec 2022readily colonizes healthy dental biofilm and is associated with periodontal diseases. The viscous exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing capability is known as a major...
readily colonizes healthy dental biofilm and is associated with periodontal diseases. The viscous exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing capability is known as a major virulence factor of 17 (Pi17). However, the inter-strain difference in regarding virulence-associated phenotype is not well studied. We compared virulence and whole genome sequences using five wild-type strains: ATCC 49046 (Pi49046), ATCC 15032 (Pi15032), ATCC 15033 (Pi15033), ATCC 25611 (Pi25611), and Pi17. Non-EPS producing Pi25611 was the least virulent in insect and mammalian models. Unexpectedly, Pi49046 did not produce viscous EPS but was the most virulent, followed by Pi17. Genomes of the five strains were quite similar but revealed subtle differences such as copy number variations and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Variations between strains were found in genes encoding glycosyltransferases and genes involved in the acquisition of carbohydrates and iron/haem. Based on these genetic variations, further analyses were performed. Phylogenetic and structural analyses discovered phosphoglycosyltransferases of Pi49046 and Pi17 have evolved to contain additional loops that may confer substrate specificity. Pi17, Pi15032, and Pi15033 displayed increased growth by various carbohydrates. Meanwhile, Pi49046 exhibited the highest activities for haemolysis and haem accumulation, as well as co-aggregation with harbouring type II, which is more tied to periodontitis than other types. Collectively, subtle genetic differences related to glycosylation and acquisition of carbohydrates and iron/haem may contribute to the diversity of virulence and phenotypic traits among strains. These variations may also reflect versatile strategies for within-host adaptation of
Topics: Animals; Carbohydrates; DNA Copy Number Variations; Genomics; Heme; Iron; Mammals; Phylogeny; Prevotella intermedia; Virulence
PubMed: 35791444
DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2095718 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... 2017Aortitis is a general term that refers to all conditions involving an inflammation of the aortic wall. This case report describes the surgical approach of a patient with...
INTRODUCTION
Aortitis is a general term that refers to all conditions involving an inflammation of the aortic wall. This case report describes the surgical approach of a patient with infectious and symptomatic aortitis caused by the rare vector Prevotella intermedia.
PRESENTATION OF CASE
A 44-year old male patient was admitted with fever and general discomfort after a period of sore throat in a non-teaching hospital. After two weeks he developed acute abdominal and back pain accompanied by sweating and elevated infection parameters. Computed tomography angiography revealed atherosclerotic changes of the infrarenal aorta with a locally contained rupture of the aorta alongside peri-aortal signs of inflammation (and aortitis aspects). An urgent aortic reconstruction was performed according to Nevelsteen. The blood cultures turned out positive for Prevotella intermedia. Postoperatively the patient received antibiotics for six weeks. The patient recovered uneventful from this infection and surgical procedure.
DISCUSSION
A complicated and acute aortitis is a rare but potentially life-threatening disease. The aetiology can be ordered into two main groups; inflammatory and infectious. Diagnosis is based upon symptoms, biochemical values, microbiological results and imaging modalities. Treatment depends on aetiology and should be discussed in an experienced multidisciplinary setting. Infectious aortitis should be treated with antibiotics for at least six weeks with close monitoring of the patient's clinic and biochemical values, even after surgery.
CONCLUSION
Prevotella intermedia is a rare causative agent for aortitis. Acute aortitis is a challenging clinical entity which should be managed in an equipped medical center by an experienced multidisciplinary team.
PubMed: 28249232
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2017.02.015 -
Virulence 2015As our knowledge of host-microbial interactions within the oral cavity increases, future treatments are likely to be more targeted. For example, efforts to target a... (Review)
Review
As our knowledge of host-microbial interactions within the oral cavity increases, future treatments are likely to be more targeted. For example, efforts to target a single species or key virulence factors that they produce, while maintaining the natural balance of the resident oral microbiota that acts to modulate the host immune response would be an advantage. Targeted approaches may be directed at the black-pigmented anaerobes, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia, associated with periodontitis. Such pigments provide an opportunity for targeted phototherapy with high-intensity monochromatic light. Functional inhibition approaches, including the use of enzyme inhibitors, are also being explored to control periodontitis. More general disruption of dental plaque through the use of enzymes and detergents, alone and in combination, shows much promise. The use of probiotics and prebiotics to improve gastrointestinal health has now led to an interest in using these approaches to control oral disease. More recently the potential of antimicrobial peptides and nanotechnology, through the application of nanoparticles with biocidal, anti-adhesive and delivery capabilities, has been explored. The aim of this review is to consider the current status as regards non-conventional treatment approaches for oral infections with particular emphasis on the plaque-related diseases.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Dental Plaque; Detergents; Glycoside Hydrolases; Humans; Mouth; Nanoparticles; Periodontitis; Phototherapy; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prebiotics; Prevotella intermedia; Probiotics; Protease Inhibitors
PubMed: 25668296
DOI: 10.4161/21505594.2014.983783 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2022Prevotella intermedia is an important species associated with periodontitis. Despite the remarkable clinical significance, little is known about the molecular basis for...
Prevotella intermedia is an important species associated with periodontitis. Despite the remarkable clinical significance, little is known about the molecular basis for its virulence. The aim of this study was to characterize the secretome of P. intermedia in biofilm and planktonic life mode. The biofilm secretome showed 109 proteins while the planktonic secretome showed 136 proteins. The biofilm and the planktonic secretomes contained 17 and 33 signal-peptide bearing proteins, 13 and 18 lipoproteins, respectively. Superoxide reductase, sensor histidine kinase, C40 family peptidase, elongation factor Tu, threonine synthase etc. were unique to biofilm. Of the ~ 30 proteins with predicted virulence potential from biofilm and planktonic secretomes, only 6 were common between the two groups, implying large differences between biofilm and planktonic modes of P. intermedia. From Gene Ontology biofilm secretome displayed a markedly higher percent proteins compared to planktonic secretome in terms of cellular amino acid metabolic process, nitrogen compound metabolic process etc. Inflammatory cytokine profile analysis revealed that only the biofilm secretome, not the planktonic one, induced important cytokines such as MIP-1α/MIP-1β, IL-1β, and IL-8. In conclusion, the revealed differences in the protein profiles of P. intermedia biofilm and planktonic secretomes may trigger further questions about molecular mechanisms how this species exerts its virulence potential in the oral cavity.
Topics: Biofilms; Plankton; Prevotella intermedia; Proteomics; Secretome
PubMed: 35379855
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09085-0 -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2022The implementation of adjunctive antibiotics has been recommended for the therapy of peri-implantitis (PI). In this review, antibiotic resistance patterns in PI patients... (Review)
Review
The implementation of adjunctive antibiotics has been recommended for the therapy of peri-implantitis (PI). In this review, antibiotic resistance patterns in PI patients were assessed. A systematic scoping review of observational studies and trials was established in conjunction with the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. The SCOPUS, PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCIELO, Web of Science, and LILACS databases were reviewed along with the gray literature. The primary electronic examination produced 139 investigations. Finally, four observational studies met the selection criteria. These studies evaluated 214 implants in 168 patients. and mainly presented high resistance to tetracycline, metronidazole, and erythromycin in PI patients. Similarly, was also highly resistant to clindamycin and doxycycline. Other microorganisms such as , , and also presented significant levels of resistance to other antibiotics including amoxicillin, azithromycin, and moxifloxacin. However, most microorganisms did not show resistance to the combination amoxicillin metronidazole. Although the management of adjunctive antimicrobials in the therapy of PI is controversial, in this review, the resistance of relevant microorganisms to antibiotics used to treat PI, and usually prescribed in dentistry, was observed. Clinicians should consider the antibiotic resistance demonstrated in the treatment of PI patients and its public health consequences.
Topics: Humans; Peri-Implantitis; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Amoxicillin; Metronidazole; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 36497685
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315609