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Environmental Health Perspectives Jan 2023Recurrent miscarriage (RM) affects 1%-3% of pregnancies. However, in almost 50% of cases, the cause is unknown. Increasing evidence have shown that benzo(a)pyrene...
BACKGROUND
Recurrent miscarriage (RM) affects 1%-3% of pregnancies. However, in almost 50% of cases, the cause is unknown. Increasing evidence have shown that benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P], a representative of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is correlated with miscarriage. However, the underlying mechanisms of B(a)P/benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE)-induced trophoblast cell dysfunctions and miscarriage remain largely unknown.
OBJECTIVE
The objective was to discover the role(s) of a novel lncRNA, , in the regulation of BPDE-inhibited migration and invasion of trophoblast cells and the occurrence of miscarriage.
METHOD
Human trophoblast cells were treated with 0, 0.25, 0.5, BPDE with or without corresponding silencing or overexpression. Using these cells, we evaluated cell migration and invasion, the mRNA and protein levels of members of the PLD1/RAC1/CDC42 pathway, the regulatory roles of lnc-HZ09 in PLD1 transcription and mRNA stability, and lnc-HZ09 transcription and stability. Human villous tissues were collected from RM () group and their matched healthy control (HC, ) group. We evaluated the levels of BPDE-DNA adducts, lnc-HZ09, and the mRNA and protein expression of members of the PLD1/RAC1/CDC42 pathway, and correlated their relative expression levels. We further constructed 0, 0.05 or B(a)P-induced mouse miscarriage model (each ), in which the mRNA and protein expression of members of the Pld1/Rac1/Cdc42 pathway were measured.
RESULTS
We identified a novel . Human trophoblast cells treated with exhibited less cell migration and invasion. In addition, the levels of this lncRNA were higher in villous tissues from women with recurrent miscarriage than those from healthy individuals. SP1-mediated PLD1 mRNA levels were lower, and HuR-mediated PLD1 mRNA stability was less in trophoblast cells overexpressing . However, trophoblast cells treated with MSX1 had higher levels of , and METTL3-mediated m6A methylation on resulted in greater RNA stability. In BPDE-treated human trophoblast cells and in RM villous tissues, MSX1-mediated transcription and METTL3-mediated stability were both greater. In our mouse miscarriage model, B(a)P-treated mice had lower mRNA and protein levels of members of the Pld1/Rac1/Cdc42 pathway.
DISCUSSION
These results suggest that in human trophoblast cells, BPDE exposure up-regulated level, suppressed PLD1/RAC1/CDC42 pathway, and inhibited migration and invasion, providing new insights in understanding the causes and mechanisms of unexplained miscarriage. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10477.
Topics: Pregnancy; Humans; Female; Mice; Animals; Trophoblasts; 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide; RNA, Long Noncoding; Benzo(a)pyrene; Abortion, Habitual; RNA, Messenger; Methyltransferases
PubMed: 36719213
DOI: 10.1289/EHP10477 -
Toxins May 2022In the present work, a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of aflatoxins and benzo(a)pyrene in lipid matrices,...
In the present work, a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of aflatoxins and benzo(a)pyrene in lipid matrices, using solid-phase extraction (SPE) via humic acid-bonded silica (HAS) sorbents, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photochemical post-column reactor fluorescence spectroscopy (HPLC-PHRED-FLD) analysis. The major parameters of extraction efficiency and HPLC-PHRED-FLD analysis were investigated and this method was fully validated. The limits of quantification and the limits of detection were 0.05-0.30 and 0.01-0.09 µg kg, respectively. The recoveries were 66.9%-118.4% with intra-day and inter-day precision less than 7.2%. The results of 80 oil samples from supermarkets indicated a high occurrence of BaP, and most of concentrations were within the requirements of EU and China food safety regulations. This is the first utilization of HAS-SPE HPLC-PHRED-FLD to simultaneously analyze the occurrence of aflatoxins and benzo(a)pyrene in vegetable oils.
Topics: Aflatoxins; Benzo(a)pyrene; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humic Substances; Plant Oils; Silicon Dioxide; Solid Phase Extraction
PubMed: 35622598
DOI: 10.3390/toxins14050352 -
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2020Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is one the main pollutants belonging to the high-molecular-weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs) class and its degradation by microorganisms remains an important... (Review)
Review
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is one the main pollutants belonging to the high-molecular-weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs) class and its degradation by microorganisms remains an important strategy for its removal from the environment. Extensive studies have been carried out on the isolation and characterisation of microorganisms that can actively degrade low-molecular-weight PAHs (LMW-PAHs), and to a certain extent, the HMW-PAH pyrene. However, so far, limited work has been carried out on BaP biodegradation. BaP consists of five fused aromatic rings, which confers this compound a high chemical stability, rendering it less amenable to biodegradation. The current review summarizes the emerging reports on BaP biodegradation. More specifically, work carried out on BaP bacterial degradation and current knowledge gaps that limit our understanding of BaP degradation are highlighted. Moreover, new avenues of research on BaP degradation are proposed, specifically in the context of the development of "omics" approaches.
Topics: Bacteria; Benzo(a)pyrene; Biodegradation, Environmental; Environmental Pollutants
PubMed: 33396411
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010262 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2021Pyrene and chromium (Cr(VI)) are persistent pollutants and cause serious environmental problems because they are toxic to organisms and difficult to remediate. The...
Pyrene and chromium (Cr(VI)) are persistent pollutants and cause serious environmental problems because they are toxic to organisms and difficult to remediate. The toxicity of pyrene and Cr(VI) to three crops (cotton, soybean and maize) was confirmed by the significant decrease in root and shoot biomass during growth in pyrene/Cr(VI) contaminated hydroponic solution. Two bacterial strains capable of simultaneous pyrene biodegradation and Cr(VI) reduction were isolated and identified as Serratia sp. and Arthrobacter sp. A mixture of the isolated strains at a ratio of 1:1 was more efficient for biotreatment of pyrene and Cr(VI) than either strain alone; the mixture effectively carried out bioremediation of contaminated water in a hydroponic system mainly through pyrene biodegradation and Cr(VI) reduction. Application of these isolates shows potential for practical microbial remediation of pyrene and Cr(VI) combined water pollution.
Topics: Arthrobacter; Biodegradation, Environmental; Chromium; Coculture Techniques; Pyrenes; Serratia; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water Purification
PubMed: 33420172
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80053-2 -
PloS One 2022Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), an important polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) component of cigarette/tobacco smoking, is known to cause adverse health effects and is...
BACKGROUND
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), an important polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) component of cigarette/tobacco smoking, is known to cause adverse health effects and is responsible for various life-threatening conditions including cancer. However, it is not yet clear whether BaP contributes to the macrophage- and astrocyte-mediated inflammatory response.
METHODS
We examined the acute (up to 72 h) effects of BaP on the expression of antioxidant enzymes (AOEs), cytokines/chemokines, and cytochromes P450 (CYP) enzymes in astrocytic cell lines, SVGA, and chronically HIV-infected U1 macrophage. The treated cells were examined for mRNA, protein levels of CYPs, AOEs superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) and catalase (CAT), cytokines/chemokines, using Western blot, multiplex ELISA, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) by flow cytometry analysis.
RESULTS
Upon acute exposure, BaP (1 μM) showed a significant increase in the mRNA levels of CYPs (CYP1A1 and CYP1B1), and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β in SVGA cells following BaP for 24, 48, and 72h. In addition, we observed a significant increase in the mRNA levels of SOD1 and CAT at 24h of BaP treatment. In contrast, BaP did not exert any change in the protein expression of AOEs and CYP enzymes. In U1 cells, however, we noticed an interesting increase in the levels of MCP-1 as well as a modest increase in TNFα, IL-8 and IL-1β levels observed at 72 h of BaP treatment but could not reach to statistically significant level.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, these results suggest that BaP contributes in part to macrophage and astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation by mainly inducing IL-1β and MCP-1 production, which is likely to occur with the involvement of CYP and/or oxidative stress pathways.
Topics: Antioxidants; Astrocytes; Benzo(a)pyrene; Catalase; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Cytokines; HIV Infections; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin-8; Macrophages; Oxidative Stress; RNA, Messenger; Reactive Oxygen Species; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 36240258
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275874 -
Chembiochem : a European Journal of... Mar 2022In this study, we investigated the photoreaction of U in a pyrene-labeled DNA duplex, RNA duplex, and DNA/RNA hybrids. We found that the photoreactivity of U changed...
In this study, we investigated the photoreaction of U in a pyrene-labeled DNA duplex, RNA duplex, and DNA/RNA hybrids. We found that the photoreactivity of U changed dramatically from hydrogen abstraction to cross-linking by changing the conformation of the duplex from the B-form to the A-form. Among three A-form structures, the largest amount of cross-linked products was observed when U was incorporated into the RNA strand and the pyrene was conjugated to the 5' end of the DNA. These results indicate that the contact manner of pyrene was different between A- and B-form duplexes. This is a rare example of the use of the reactivity of bromouracil to analyze the contact between a small molecule with a weak binding affinity and a nucleic acid.
Topics: Circular Dichroism; DNA; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Pyrenes; RNA
PubMed: 35080796
DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100626 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2023Benzo[a]pyrene is a widespread environmental pollutant and a strong carcinogen. It is important to understand its bio-toxicity and degradation mechanism. Herein, we...
Benzo[a]pyrene is a widespread environmental pollutant and a strong carcinogen. It is important to understand its bio-toxicity and degradation mechanism. Herein, we studied the excited state dynamics of benzo[a]pyrene by using time-resolved fluorescence and transient absorption spectroscopic techniques. For the first time, it is identified that benzo[a]pyrene in its singlet excited state could react with oxygen, resulting in fluorescence quenching. Additionally, effective intersystem crossing can occur from its singlet state to the triplet state. Furthermore, the interaction between the excited benzo[a]pyrene and ct-DNA can be observed directly and charge transfer between benzo[a]pyrene and ct-DNA may be the reason. These results lay a foundation for further understanding of the carcinogenic mechanism of benzo[a]pyrene and provide insight into the photo-degradation mechanism of this molecule.
Topics: Benzo(a)pyrene; Oxygen; Kinetics; Chemical Phenomena; DNA
PubMed: 37446927
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135269 -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... Oct 2022The construction of supramolecular assemblies of heterogeneous materials at the nanoscale is an open challenge in science. Herein, new chiral graphene quantum dots...
The construction of supramolecular assemblies of heterogeneous materials at the nanoscale is an open challenge in science. Herein, new chiral graphene quantum dots (GQDs) prepared by amidation reaction introducing chiral amide groups and pyrene moieties into the periphery of GQDs are described. The analytical and spectroscopic data show an efficient chemical functionalization and the morphological study of the supramolecular ensembles using SEM and AFM microscopies reveals the presence of highly ordered fibers of several micrometers length. Fluorescence studies, using emission spectroscopy and confocal microscopy, reveal that the fibers stem from the π-π stacking of both pyrenes and GQDs, together with the hydrogen bonding interactions of the amide groups. Circular dichroism analysis supports the chiral nature of the supramolecular aggregates.
PubMed: 36044587
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211365 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2022In soil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are tightly bound to organic components, but surfactants can effectively transform them from a solid to a liquid phase....
In soil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are tightly bound to organic components, but surfactants can effectively transform them from a solid to a liquid phase. In this study, the biosurfactant rhamnolipid (RL) was selected as the eluent; shaking elution in a thermostatic oscillator improved the elution rate of pyrene, and the effects of RL concentration, temperature, and elution time on the elution effect were compared. After four repeated washings, the maximum elution rate was 75.6% at a rhamnolipid concentration of 20 g/L and a temperature of 45 °C. We found that 38 μm Zero-Valent Iron (ZVI) had a higher primary reaction rate (0.042 h), with a degradation rate of 94.5% when 3 g/L ZVI was added to 21 mM NaSO at 60 °C. Finally, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) detected DMPO-OH and DMPO-SO signals, which played a major role in the degradation of pyrene. Overall, these results show that the combination of rhamnolipid elution and persulfate oxidation system effectively remediated pyrene-contaminated soil and provides some implications for the combined remediation with biosurfactants and chemical oxidation.
Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; Glycolipids; Iron; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Pyrenes; Sodium Compounds; Soil; Soil Pollutants; Sulfates; Surface-Active Agents
PubMed: 36141785
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811518 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2023π-Extended pyrene compounds possess remarkable luminescent and semiconducting properties and are being intensively investigated as electroluminescent materials for...
π-Extended pyrene compounds possess remarkable luminescent and semiconducting properties and are being intensively investigated as electroluminescent materials for potential uses in organic light-emitting diodes, transistors, and solar cells. Here, the synthesis of two sets of pyrene-containing π-conjugated polyaromatic regioisomers, namely 2,3,10,11,14,15,20,21-octaalkyloxypentabenzo[,,,,]pentaphene () and 2,3,6,7,13,14,17,18-octaalkyloxydibenzo[,]phenanthro [9,10-]picene (), is reported. They were obtained using the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling in tandem with Scholl oxidative cyclodehydrogenation reactions from the easily accessible precursors 1,8- and 1,6-dibromopyrene, respectively. Both sets of compounds, equipped with eight peripheral aliphatic chains, self-assemble into a single hexagonal columnar mesophase, with one short-chain homolog also exhibiting another columnar mesophase at a lower temperature, with a rectangular symmetry; isomers also possess wider mesophase ranges and higher mesophases' stability than their homologs. These polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons all show a strong tendency of face-on orientation on the substrate and could be controlled to edge-on alignment through mechanical shearing of interest for their implementation in photoelectronic devices. In addition, both series and display green-yellow luminescence, with high fluorescence quantum yields, around 30%. In particular, exhibit a blue shift phenomenon in both absorption and emission with respect to their isomers. DFT results were in good agreement with the optical properties and with the stability ranges of the mesophases by confirming the higher divergence from the flatness of compared with . Based on these interesting properties, these isomers could be potentially applied not only in the field of fluorescent dyes but also in the field of organic photoelectric semiconductor materials as electron transport materials.
Topics: Pyrenes; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Electron Transport; Fluorescence; Poly A
PubMed: 36838709
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041721