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Biosensors Jul 2022Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is a unique research topic and property that can lead to a wide range of applications, including cellular imaging, theranostics,... (Review)
Review
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is a unique research topic and property that can lead to a wide range of applications, including cellular imaging, theranostics, analyte quantitation and the specific detection of biologically important species. Towards the development of the AIE-active materials, many aromatic moieties composed of tetraphenylethylene, anthracene, pyrene, etc., have been developed. Among these aromatic moieties, pyrene is an aromatic hydrocarbon with a polycyclic flat structure containing four fused benzene rings to provide an unusual electron delocalization feature that is important in the AIE property. Numerous pyrene-based AIE-active materials have been reported with the AIE property towards sensing, imaging and theranostics applications. Most importantly, these AIE-active pyrene moieties exist as small molecules, Schiff bases, polymers, supramolecules, metal-organic frameworks, etc. This comprehensive review outlines utilizations of AIE-active pyrene-based materials on the imaging and theranostics studies. Moreover, the design and synthesis of these pyrene-based molecules are delivered with discussions on their future scopes.
Topics: Polymers; Precision Medicine; Pyrenes
PubMed: 35884351
DOI: 10.3390/bios12070550 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2021Microbial biodegradation is one of the acceptable technologies to remediate and control the pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). Several bacteria, fungi,... (Review)
Review
Microbial biodegradation is one of the acceptable technologies to remediate and control the pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). Several bacteria, fungi, and cyanobacteria strains have been isolated and used for bioremediation purpose. This review paper is intended to provide key information on the various steps and actors involved in the bacterial and fungal aerobic and anaerobic degradation of pyrene, a high molecular weight PAH, including catabolic genes and enzymes, in order to expand our understanding on pyrene degradation. The aerobic degradation pathway by PRY-1 and sp. KMS and the anaerobic one, by the facultative bacteria anaerobe sp. JP1 and sp. LZ6 are reviewed and presented, to describe the complete and integrated degradation mechanism pathway of pyrene. The different microbial strains with the ability to degrade pyrene are listed, and the degradation of pyrene by consortium is also discussed. The future studies on the anaerobic degradation of pyrene would be a great initiative to understand and address the degradation mechanism pathway, since, although some strains are identified to degrade pyrene in reduced or total absence of oxygen, the degradation pathway of more than 90% remains unclear and incomplete. Additionally, the present review recommends the use of the combination of various strains of anaerobic fungi and a fungi consortium and anaerobic bacteria to achieve maximum efficiency of the pyrene biodegradation mechanism.
Topics: Klebsiella; Microbial Consortia; Mycobacterium; Oxygen; Pseudomonas; Pyrenes
PubMed: 34360967
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158202 -
IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of... 1989
Review
Topics: Air Pollution; Animals; Carcinogens; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cricetinae; Humans; Mice; Mutagens; Neoplasms, Experimental; Pyrenes; Rats; Risk; Vehicle Emissions
PubMed: 2483417
DOI: No ID Found -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2021Every petroleum-processing plant produces sewage sludge containing several types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The degradation of PAHs via physical,...
Every petroleum-processing plant produces sewage sludge containing several types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The degradation of PAHs via physical, biological, and chemical methods is not yet efficient. Among biological methods, the use of marine sponge symbiont bacteria is considered an alternative and promising approach in the degradation of and reduction in PAHs. This study aimed to explore the potential performance of a consortium of sponge symbiont bacteria in degrading anthracene and pyrene. Three bacterial species ( strain GLB197, strain SLG510A3-8, and strain SLCDA 976) were mixed to form the consortium. The interaction between the bacterial consortium suspension and PAH components was measured at 5 day intervals for 25 days. The biodegradation performance of bacteria on PAH samples was determined on the basis of five biodegradation parameters. The analysis results showed a decrease in the concentration of anthracene (21.89%) and pyrene (7.71%), equivalent to a ratio of 3:1, followed by a decrease in the abundance of anthracene (60.30%) and pyrene (27.52%), equivalent to a ratio of 2:1. The level of pyrene degradation was lower than that of the anthracene due to fact that pyrene is more toxic and has a more stable molecular structure, which hinders its metabolism by bacterial cells. The products from the biodegradation of the two PAHs are alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and a small proportion of aromatic hydrocarbon components.
Topics: Acinetobacter calcoaceticus; Animals; Anthracenes; Bacillus pumilus; Biodegradation, Environmental; Microbiota; Porifera; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Pyrenes; Symbiosis
PubMed: 34833943
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226851 -
The ISME Journal Dec 2023Nitrogen is a limiting nutrient for degraders function in hydrocarbon-contaminated environments. Biological nitrogen fixation by diazotrophs is a natural solution for...
Nitrogen is a limiting nutrient for degraders function in hydrocarbon-contaminated environments. Biological nitrogen fixation by diazotrophs is a natural solution for supplying bioavailable nitrogen. Here, we determined whether the diazotroph Azotobacter chroococcum HN can provide nitrogen to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium Paracoccus aminovorans HPD-2 and further explored the synergistic interactions that facilitate pyrene degradation in nitrogen-deprived environments. We found that A. chroococcum HN and P. aminovorans HPD-2 grew and degraded pyrene more quickly in co-culture than in monoculture. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy combined with N stable isotope probing (SERS - N SIP) demonstrated that A. chroococcum HN provided nitrogen to P. aminovorans HPD-2. Metabolite analysis and feeding experiments confirmed that cross-feeding occurred between A. chroococcum HN and P. aminovorans HPD-2 during pyrene degradation. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses further revealed that co-culture significantly upregulated key pathways such as nitrogen fixation, aromatic compound degradation, protein export, and the TCA cycle in A. chroococcum HN and quorum sensing, aromatic compound degradation and ABC transporters in P. aminovorans HPD-2. Phenotypic and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays demonstrated that A. chroococcum HN produced large amounts of biofilm and was located at the bottom of the biofilm in co-culture, whereas P. aminovorans HPD-2 attached to the surface layer and formed a bridge-like structure with A. chroococcum HN. This study demonstrates that distinct syntrophic interactions occur between A. chroococcum HN and P. aminovorans HPD-2 and provides support for their combined use in organic pollutant degradation in nitrogen-deprived environments.
Topics: Nitrogen; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Nitrogen Fixation; Pyrenes
PubMed: 37775536
DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01522-w -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Dec 2022In a previous study our group identified Bacillus sp. strain M1 as an efficient decomposer of high molecular weight-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW-PAHs)....
In a previous study our group identified Bacillus sp. strain M1 as an efficient decomposer of high molecular weight-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW-PAHs). Interestingly, its removal efficiency for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was nearly double that of pyrene (Pyr), which was the reverse of what is reported for most other species. Here we compared the differential steps of biosorption, transmembrane transport and biodegradation of Pyr and BaP by strain M1 in order to assist in targeted selection of dominant strains and their degradation efficiency in the remediation of these two HMW-PAHs. The overall biosorption efficiency for BaP was 19% higher than that for Pyr, and the time needed to reach BaP peak adsorption efficiency was 4 days shorter than for Pyr. Transmembrane transport of the PAHs was compared in presence of sodium azide which inhibits ATP synthesis and metabolism. This indicated that both Pyr and BaP entered the cells by the same means of passive transport. Biodegradation of Pyr and BaP did not differ in the early stage of culture, but around days 5-7, the biodegradation efficiency of BaP was significantly (30-61%) higher than that of Pyr. Key enzymes involved in these processes were identified and their activity differed, with intracellular gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase and extracellular polyphenol oxidase as likely candidates to be involved in BaP degradation, while intracellular catechol-1,2- dioxygenase and salicylate hydroxylase are more likely involved in Pyr degradation. These results provide new insights for sustainable environmental remediation of pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene by these bacteria.
Topics: Benzo(a)pyrene; Bacillus; Adsorption; Pyrenes; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
PubMed: 36436257
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114328 -
Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam,... Dec 2023Coastal tropical ecosystems provide livelihood for millions of people but are at the same time exposed to an increasing intensity of diverse anthropogenic stressors,...
Coastal tropical ecosystems provide livelihood for millions of people but are at the same time exposed to an increasing intensity of diverse anthropogenic stressors, including pollution. Nevertheless, the combined effects of pollutants on marine ecosystems are poorly understood, particularly regarding lower trophic levels (plankton) and tropical ocean. We exposed the tropical copepod Centropages velificatus to 4-5 concentrations of a heavy metal (nickel), an oil compound (pyrene) and microplastic (PET), either alone or in combination, and measured their egestion, reproduction, and mortality rates. Microplastic alone did not have any effect on pellet or egg production of copepods, whereas nickel reduced egg production rate at concentrations ≥1 µg L and pyrene reduced both egg and pellet production rates at concentrations ≥1 nM. The addition of nickel and pyrene to PET - microplastic resulted in a reduction similar to one caused by nickel or pyrene alone, suggesting an additive effect. In contrast, a combination of nickel and pyrene had a synergistic effect, with a strong reduction in survival, egg and pellet production. Our results suggest that combinations of contaminants that are commonly found in tropical coastal waters have detrimental effects on copepods-the crucial link in the pelagic food web-at lower concentrations than suggested by single stressor studies. This can have an influence on the food web productivity - the basis of fisheries that local communities rely on.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Ecosystem; Microplastics; Copepoda; Plastics; Nickel; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Pyrenes; Reproduction
PubMed: 37939499
DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106737 -
BioMed Research International 2020Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are defined as environmental pollutants capable of interfering with the functioning of the hormonal system. They are environmentally... (Review)
Review
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are defined as environmental pollutants capable of interfering with the functioning of the hormonal system. They are environmentally distributed as synthetic fertilizers, electronic waste, and several food additives that are part of the food chain. They can be considered as obesogenic compounds since they have the capacity to influence cellular events related to adipose tissue, altering lipid metabolism and adipogenesis processes. This review will present the latest scientific evidence of different EDs such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), heavy metals, "nonpersistent" phenolic compounds, triclosan, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and smoke-derived compounds (benzo -alpha-pyrene) and their influence on the differentiation processes towards adipocytes in both and models.
Topics: Adipocytes; Adipogenesis; Adipose Tissue; Animals; Benzoates; Endocrine Disruptors; Environmental Pollutants; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Obesity; Phenols; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Pyrenes; Transcription Factors; Triclosan
PubMed: 32149131
DOI: 10.1155/2020/7453786 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023Dipeptides and were synthesized from unnatural amino acids containing pyrene as a fluorescent label and polynucleotide binding unit, and modified tyrosine as a...
Dipeptides and were synthesized from unnatural amino acids containing pyrene as a fluorescent label and polynucleotide binding unit, and modified tyrosine as a photochemically reactive unit. Photophysical properties of the peptides were investigated by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence. Both peptides are fluorescent ( = 0.3-0.4) and do not show a tendency to form pyrene excimers in the concentration range < 10 M, which is important for their application in the fluorescent labeling of polynucleotides. Furthermore, both peptides are photochemically reactive and undergo deamination delivering quinone methides (QMs) ( = 0.01-0.02), as indicated from the preparative photomethanolysis study of the corresponding -Boc protected derivatives and . Both peptides form stable complexes with polynucleotides (log > 6) by noncovalent interactions and similar affinities, binding to minor grooves, preferably to the AT reach regions. Peptide with a longer spacer between the fluorophore and the photo-activable unit undergoes a more efficient deamination reaction, based on the comparison with the -Boc protected derivatives. Upon light excitation of the complex ·oligoAT, the photo-generation of QM initiates the alkylation, which results in the fluorescent labeling of the oligonucleotide. This study demonstrated, as a proof of principle, that small molecules can combine dual forms of fluorescent labeling of polynucleotides, whereby initial addition of the dye rapidly forms a reversible high-affinity noncovalent complex with ds-DNA/RNA, which can be, upon irradiation by light, converted to the irreversible (covalent) form. Such a dual labeling ability of a dye could have many applications in biomedicinal sciences.
Topics: Tyrosine; Polynucleotides; Dipeptides; Peptides; Pyrenes
PubMed: 38005255
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227533 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2022In three novel peptidoids based on the tryptophan-histidine-tryptophan (WHW) peptide, the central histidine was replaced by Ala-(triazole), and two derivatives also had...
In three novel peptidoids based on the tryptophan-histidine-tryptophan (WHW) peptide, the central histidine was replaced by Ala-(triazole), and two derivatives also had one tryptophan replaced with pyrene-alkyls of different lengths and flexibility. Pyrene analogues show strong fluorescence at 480-500 nm, attributed to intramolecular exciplex formation with tryptophan. All three peptidoids bind Cu cation in water with strong affinity, with Trp- Ala-(triazole)-Trp binding comparably to the parent WHW, and the pyrene analogues even stronger, demonstrating that replacement of histidine with triazole in peptides does not hamper Cu coordination. The studied peptidoids strongly bind to ds-DNA and ds-RNA, whereby their complexes with Cu exhibit distinctively different interactions in comparison to metal-free analogues, particularly in the stabilization of ds-DNA against thermal denaturation. The pyrene peptidoids efficiently enter living cells with no apparent cytotoxic effect, whereby their red-shifted emission compared to the parent pyrene allows intracellular confocal microscopy imaging, showing accumulation in cytoplasmic organelles. However, irradiation with 350 nm light resulted in evident antiproliferative effect on cells treated with micromolar concentrations of the pyrene analogues, presumably attributed to pyrene-induced production of singlet oxygen and consecutive cellular damage.
Topics: Copper; DNA; Histidine; Peptides; Pyrenes; RNA; Triazoles; Tryptophan
PubMed: 35806009
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137006