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MMW Fortschritte Der Medizin May 2021
Review
Topics: COVID-19; Compulsive Behavior; Humans; Intertrigo; SARS-CoV-2; Skin Care
PubMed: 34033032
DOI: 10.1007/s15006-021-9990-8 -
Pharmaceutics Feb 2022A good understanding of infant skin should provide a rationale for optimum management of the health of this integument. In this review, we discuss the skin barrier... (Review)
Review
A good understanding of infant skin should provide a rationale for optimum management of the health of this integument. In this review, we discuss the skin barrier function of infants, particularly with reference to the use of diapers and baby wipes. The skin barrier of newborns continues to develop with age. Two years after birth, the barrier properties of infant skin closely resemble those of adult skin. However, several risk factors may contribute to impaired skin barrier and altered skin permeability in infants. Problems may arise from the use of diapers and baby wipes. The skin covered by a diaper is effectively an occluded environment, and thus is vulnerable to over-hydration. To date there has been no published information regarding dermal absorption of ingredients contained in baby wipes. Similarly, dermal absorption of topical ingredients in infants with underlying skin conditions has not been widely explored. Clearly, there are serious ethical concerns related to conducting skin permeation studies on infant skin. However, the increasing availability of non-invasive methods for in vivo studies is encouraging and offers new directions for studying this important patient group.
PubMed: 35214165
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020433 -
Dermatology Practical & Conceptual Oct 2020Skin, hair, and nail supplements, sometimes referred to as "beauty supplements" or "ingestible skin care," are a large and growing industry. These products may contain... (Review)
Review
Skin, hair, and nail supplements, sometimes referred to as "beauty supplements" or "ingestible skin care," are a large and growing industry. These products may contain vitamins and minerals, sometimes in very high doses. They may also contain herbs, hormones, microbes, or animal derivatives such as fish oils and collagen powders. Dietary supplements are regulated as foods, not as drugs, by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Therefore, manufacturers do not need to provide any proof of safety, efficacy, or quality prior to sale. This is of serious concern, as many adverse effects due to supplement components have been reported. The potential risks cover multiple categories. These include acute toxicities, such as choking, as well as chronic toxicities, such as increased risk of diabetes. Teratogenicity and interactions with drugs and laboratory testing have been documented in research studies. Other risks include potentially increased risk of cancer with long-term use, allergic reactions, and others. It is vital that physicians educate their patients on these risks. As no post-marketing surveillance programs are required for supplements, our understanding of supplement risks is incomplete. Physicians should be wary of these risks and encourage further research and regulation.
PubMed: 33150030
DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1004a89 -
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Aug 2022Hypothermia during the newborn period is widely regarded as a major contributory cause of significant morbidity and mortality of newborn infants. Thermoprotective... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Hypothermia during the newborn period is widely regarded as a major contributory cause of significant morbidity and mortality of newborn infants. Thermoprotective behaviours such as skin-to-skin care (SSC) or the use of appropriate devices have been recommended as simple tools for the avoidance of neonatal hypothermia. We examined the relation between the duration of skin-to-skin care and infant temperature change after birth in suboptimal delivery room temperatures.
METHODS
We reviewed the medical charts of all vaginally born infants of gestational age ≥ 35 weeks born January-July 2018 and admitted to the well-baby nursery. After SSC was discontinued, the infant's rectal temperature was measured to determine the frequency and severity of hypothermia.
RESULTS
The charts of 688 vaginally born infants were examined. Our mean delivery room temperature was 21.7 (SD 2.2) °C, well below the WHO recommendation of 25 °C. After SSC 347 (50.4%) infants were normothermic (temperature 36.5-37.5 °C), 262 (38.0%) were mildly hypothermic (36.0-36.4 °C), and 79 (11.4%) were moderately hypothermic (32.0-35.9 °C). The mean skin-to-skin time in infants was 63.9 (SD 20.9) minutes. SSC duration was associated with increase in rectal temperature for patients of gestational ages ≥ 38 weeks and with decrease in rectal temperature in patients of gestational age < 38 weeks.
CONCLUSION
SSC is effective, even at suboptimal delivery room temperatures, for promoting normothermia in infants of ≥ 38 weeks' gestation but may not provide adequate warmth for infants of < 38 weeks.
Topics: Gestational Age; Humans; Hypothermia; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Skin Care; Temperature
PubMed: 35987566
DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04983-7 -
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational... 2019An estimated 100 million people per year in developed countries acquire scars following surgical procedures whether it be elective, therapeutic or reparative. Scarring... (Review)
Review
An estimated 100 million people per year in developed countries acquire scars following surgical procedures whether it be elective, therapeutic or reparative. Scarring from surgery can have a significant physical and psychological impact depending on the colour, relief, size, body location, surface area or function. Whether a procedure be life-saving such as a mastectomy, a caesarean, or a mole excision, or aesthetic such as breast reconstruction or laser treatment, patients are increasingly concerned with having an aesthetic scar outcome. With improved surgical and technological advances, elective surgery and cosmetic procedures are becoming safer and easier to perform in both hospitals and outpatient clinics. This means that more people elect to undergo procedures for an increasing number of indications on varied body areas including the face, back and limbs but also breasts, ears or genitalia. Therefore, taking the final scar outcome into consideration both before and after a procedure is becoming particularly important to ensure that controlled healing occurs with minimal discomfort. As the healing process varies from one procedure to another, and from one body part to another, each wound requires specific care. Dermatologists are well placed to manage wound healing but there remains a need for them to be involved in wound management and help surgeons better manage the wound healing process beyond wound closure and infection control. Basic skin care can play a role to protect the skin barrier function, control inflammation and enhance natural healing. The objective of this review is to provide recommendations based on published literature for the role basic skin care plays in supporting continued wound management following invasive procedures.
PubMed: 31695468
DOI: 10.2147/CCID.S218134 -
Pharmaceutics Jul 2021Alterations of skin homeostasis are widely diffused in our everyday life both due to accidental injuries, such as wounds and burns, and physiological conditions, such as... (Review)
Review
Alterations of skin homeostasis are widely diffused in our everyday life both due to accidental injuries, such as wounds and burns, and physiological conditions, such as late-stage diabetes, dermatitis, or psoriasis. These events are locally characterized by an intense inflammatory response, a high generation of harmful free radicals, or an impairment in the immune response regulation, which can profoundly change the skin tissue' repair process, vulnerability, and functionality. Moreover, diabetes diffusion, antibiotic resistance, and abuse of aggressive soaps and disinfectants following the COVID-19 emergency could be causes for the future spreading of skin disorders. In the last years, hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives have been investigated and applied in several research fields for their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial activities. First, in this study, we give an overview of these natural molecules' current source and applications. Afterwards, we review their potential role as valid alternatives to the current therapies, supporting the management and rebalancing of skin disorders and diseases at different levels. Also, we will introduce the recent advances in the design of biomaterials loaded with these phenolic compounds, specifically suitable for skin disorders treatments. Lastly, we will suggest future perspectives for introducing hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives in treating skin disorders.
PubMed: 34371691
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070999 -
Indian Journal of Critical Care... Sep 2020Abnormal connections between gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and skin are called enterocutaneous fistulas (ECFs). Presence of ECF is associated with significant morbidity... (Review)
Review
Abnormal connections between gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and skin are called enterocutaneous fistulas (ECFs). Presence of ECF is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. A stoma refers to a surgically created opening in the abdomen to divert feces or urine to the outside of the body, to compensate for partial or complete loss of bowel function. Gastrointestinal (GI) stomas and postoperative ECFs present a unique challenge to the intensivist due to development of malnutrition, dehydration, and sepsis leading to high morbidity and mortality. This review focuses on the basic concepts about the type of fistula and stomas, their indications and complications, and management. Principles of clinical management include replacement of fluid and electrolyte losses, control of sepsis along with reducing fistula output, prevention of malnutrition and psychological support, and skin care. Pande RK, Gupta A. Gastrointestinal Stomas and Fistulas: What is Lost and What to Do? Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(Suppl 4):S175-S178.
PubMed: 33354037
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23620 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica May 2023Several small studies have indicated that daily emollient use from birth might delay, suppress or prevent atopic dermatitis (AD). Two larger trials did not confirm this;... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Several small studies have indicated that daily emollient use from birth might delay, suppress or prevent atopic dermatitis (AD). Two larger trials did not confirm this; however, a recent smaller study indicated a protective effect if daily emollient use is used in the first 2 months of life. Further research is needed to evaluate the effect of emollient use on development of AD. The current study randomly assigned 50 newborns who were at high risk of developing AD (1:1) to receive general infant skin-care advice (control group), or skin-care advice plus emollient with advice to apply emollient at least once daily until 1 year of age (intervention group). Repeated skin examinations, skin physiology measurements and skin microbiome profiling were performed. Of the children in the intervention and control groups, 28% and 24%, respectively, developed AD (adjusted Relative Risk (RR) 1.19, p = 0.65, adjusted risk difference 0.05). Skin pH decreased and transepidermal water loss and stratum corneum hydration increased over time in both groups with no significant differences. In the intervention group skin microbiome alpha diversity increased earlier, and the abundance of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species were significantly reduced at month 1. Daily early emollient use in children with high risk of AD was safe, but it did not significantly reduce the risk of developing AD or impact skin physiology development.
Topics: Child; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Dermatitis, Atopic; Emollients; Pilot Projects; Skin; Skin Physiological Phenomena; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37246806
DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v103.5671 -
Intensive Care Medicine Dec 2021
Topics: Female; Humans; Mothers; Respiration, Artificial; Skin Care
PubMed: 34226944
DOI: 10.1007/s00134-021-06468-1 -
The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic... Feb 2022We sought to know the efficacy and safety profile of topical products for use during pregnancy. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
We sought to know the efficacy and safety profile of topical products for use during pregnancy.
METHODS
We used PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library to review literature on topical products and pregnancy.
RESULTS
A majority of pregnant women develop skin changes, including physiological or hormonal changes, worsening of preexisting skin conditions, or the appearance of new dermatoses during pregnancy. Most pregnant women are concerned about the availability of treatments options with good safety profiles, especially for skin and hair treatments, to maintain their appearance and health. Although most of the treatments are recommended to be used after delivery, there are some alternatives to prevent and treat skin lesions during pregnancy.
CONCLUSION
The most current and comprehensive information about the efficacy and safety profile of topical products in pregnancy are necessary.
PubMed: 35309882
DOI: No ID Found