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European Review For Medical and... Jan 2021Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are chronic, relapsing intestinal disorders that may severely compromise...
OBJECTIVE
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are chronic, relapsing intestinal disorders that may severely compromise patients' labour force participation. In this context, the present review aims to provide an overview on possible IBD pathological, socio-demographic, and treatment-related factors predictive for work disability with the purpose to provide guidance for a successful clinical and occupational management.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases was performed to retrieve all the studies addressing IBD-related predictors for work disability.
RESULTS
Several factors have been suggested to predict work disability in the 15 revised investigations, although with not homogeneous results. Having CD was reported as a significantly better predictor for permanent work disability compared to UC, maybe in relation to the generally more serious disease course. Activity and severity of IBD, also indicated by the need for surgical treatment and comorbidities, was related to a significantly greater risk for work disability, although the exact role of other variables, i.e., specific symptoms, disease pattern and inflammatory parameters are still unclear. Among demographic factors, a significant predictive role has been suggested for female gender.
CONCLUSIONS
Further research seems necessary to confirm the role of IBD related factors on work disability, and on other parameters of work impairment, i.e., absenteeism, presenteeism, activity and productivity loss. Additionally, work disability should be evaluated in relation to specific occupational risk factors. Overall, this may require a multidisciplinary approach aimed to achieve an adequate IBD clinical evaluation and management, an improvement of patients' psychosocial and professional well-being, while appropriately assessing and managing risks in the workplace.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33506905
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202101_24382 -
BMC Medicine Sep 2021The sustainable development goals aim to improve health for all by 2030. They incorporate ambitious goals regarding tuberculosis (TB), which may be a significant cause... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The sustainable development goals aim to improve health for all by 2030. They incorporate ambitious goals regarding tuberculosis (TB), which may be a significant cause of disability, yet to be quantified. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the prevalence and types of TB-related disabilities.
METHODS
We performed a systematic review of TB-related disabilities. The pooled prevalence of disabilities was calculated using the inverse variance heterogeneity model. The maps of the proportions of common types of disabilities by country income level were created.
RESULTS
We included a total of 131 studies (217,475 patients) that were conducted in 49 countries. The most common type of disabilities were mental health disorders (23.1%), respiratory impairment (20.7%), musculoskeletal impairment (17.1%), hearing impairment (14.5%), visual impairment (9.8%), renal impairment (5.7%), and neurological impairment (1.6%). The prevalence of respiratory impairment (61.2%) and mental health disorders (42.0%) was highest in low-income countries while neurological impairment was highest in lower middle-income countries (25.6%). Drug-resistant TB was associated with respiratory (58.7%), neurological (37.2%), and hearing impairments (25.0%) and mental health disorders (26.0%), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
TB-related disabilities were frequently reported. More uniform reporting tools for TB-related disability and further research to better quantify and mitigate it are urgently needed.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42019147488.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Mental Disorders; Prevalence; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant
PubMed: 34496845
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02063-9 -
Perspectives in Psychiatric Care Jul 2022The object of this systematic review is to examine the stigma status of people with disabilities and their families. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The object of this systematic review is to examine the stigma status of people with disabilities and their families.
DESIGN AND METHODS
The systematic review was prepared based on the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols systematic review guidelines. The review was included thirteen studies.
FINDINGS
In the results of the study, it was revealed that people with disabilities experienced inequality and social exclusion, negative attitudes were observed regarding their appearance, also their families were subjected to stigmatization by the society, could not participate in social environments.
PRACTICE IMPLICATION
To prevent stigmatization, it is recommended that awareness in public be raised by providing community educations.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Social Environment; Social Isolation; Social Stigma; Stereotyping
PubMed: 34121194
DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12893 -
Work (Reading, Mass.) 2018Disability management (DM) is a systematic method to ensure job-retention and job-reintegration in competitive employment for individuals with a disability. There is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Disability management (DM) is a systematic method to ensure job-retention and job-reintegration in competitive employment for individuals with a disability. There is evidence that 'returning to work' has a positive impact on the individual, the company and on the society. However, a clear overview of the efficacy and efficiency of the DM programs is scarce.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review the efficacy and efficiency of the disability management programs. Cochrane, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched from 1994 to 2015.
METHODS
Two reviewers independently evaluated the articles on title, abstract, and full text. The data extraction and results are documented according to the study designs.
RESULTS
Twenty-eight articles were included in the review. These 28 articles consisted of 7 systematic reviews, 3 randomized controlled trials, 9 clinical trials, 4 mixed-method studies and 5 qualitative studies.
CONCLUSIONS
The DM program has shown to be effective and efficient. A consensus about the DM components is still not reached. Nevertheless, some components are emphasized more than others; job accommodation, facilitation of transitional duty, communication between all stakeholders, health care provider advice, early intervention, and acceptance, goodwill and trust in the stakeholders, in the organization, and in the disability management process.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Efficiency, Organizational; Humans; Job Satisfaction; Rehabilitation, Vocational
PubMed: 29733052
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-182709 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2022Disability is an important problem in aging societies globally. However, the research findings of the prevalence of disability have been inconsistent. This study aims to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Disability is an important problem in aging societies globally. However, the research findings of the prevalence of disability have been inconsistent. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of disability and its influencing factors among the Chinese older population from 1979 to 31 July 2021.
METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using both international (PubMed, Web of Science, CBMdisc, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE) and Chinese (CNKI, CQVIP, and WanFang) databases. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to account for heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were also done.
RESULTS
The pooled prevalence of disability across all 97 studies was 26.2% (95% CI: 23.7-28.6%). The estimates varied according to the types of activities of daily living (ADL), gender, age, and region. Studies based on the identification of cases by using the complete ADL scale showed a higher prevalence than those using the basic ADL scale. The prevalence was slightly higher among female older individuals than among male older individuals. The highest rates were seen in older individuals aged 80 years or older. Elders in central China, southwest China, and northwest China were more likely to be BADL-disabled.
CONCLUSION
Prevalence of disability among the Chinese older population is high, around 26%. Using standardized diagnostic systems to correctly estimate the prevalence of disability would be helpful for public health professionals in China.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asian People; China; Disabled Persons; Female; Humans; Male; Prevalence
PubMed: 35162679
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031656 -
Aging & Mental Health 2016To conduct a systematic review of studies that examined associations between physical illness/functional disability and suicidal behaviour (including ideation, nonfatal... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To conduct a systematic review of studies that examined associations between physical illness/functional disability and suicidal behaviour (including ideation, nonfatal and fatal suicidal behaviour) among individuals aged 65 and older.
METHOD
Articles published through November 2014 were identified through electronic searches using the ERIC, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus databases. Search terms used were suicid* or death wishes or deliberate self-harm. Studies about suicidal behaviour in individuals aged 65 and older with physical illness/functional disabilities were included in the review.
RESULTS
Sixty-five articles (across 61 independent samples) met inclusion criteria. Results from 59 quantitative studies conducted in four continents suggest that suicidal behaviour is associated with functional disability and numerous specific conditions including malignant diseases, neurological disorders, pain, COPD, liver disease, male genital disorders, and arthritis/arthrosis. Six qualitative studies from three continents contextualized these findings, providing insights into the subjective experiences of suicidal individuals. Implications for interventions and future research are discussed.
CONCLUSION
Functional disability, as well as a number of specific physical illnesses, was shown to be associated with suicidal behaviour in older adults. We need to learn more about what at-risk, physically ill patients want, and need, to inform prevention efforts for older adults.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Chronic Disease; Disabled Persons; Female; Humans; Male; Quality of Life; Risk Factors; Self-Injurious Behavior; Social Environment; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide
PubMed: 26381843
DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2015.1083945 -
The Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology Oct 2013According to previous reports, the risk of disability as a result of diabetes varies from none to double. Disability is an important measure of health and an estimate of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
According to previous reports, the risk of disability as a result of diabetes varies from none to double. Disability is an important measure of health and an estimate of the risk of disability as a result of diabetes is crucial in view of the global diabetes epidemic. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate this risk.
METHODS
We searched Ovid, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature up to Aug 8, 2012. We included studies of adults that compared the risk of disability-as measured by activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), or mobility-in people with and without any type of diabetes. We excluded studies of subpopulations with specific illnesses or of people in nursing homes. From the studies, we recorded population characteristics, how diabetes was diagnosed (by doctor or self-reported), domain and definition of disability, and risk estimates for disability. We calculated pooled estimates by disability type and type of risk estimate (odds ratio [OR] or risk ratio [RR]).
RESULTS
Our systematic review returned 3224 results, from which 26 studies were included in our meta-analyses. Diabetes increased the risk of mobility disability (15 studies; OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.53-1.91; RR 1.51, 95% CI 1.38-1.64), of IADL disability (ten studies; OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.55-1.74), and of ADL disability (16 studies; OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.63-2.04; RR 1.82, 95% CI 1.40-2.36).
INTERPRETATION
Diabetes is associated with a strong increase in the risk of physical disability. Efforts to promote healthy ageing should account for this risk through prevention and management of diabetes.
FUNDING
Monash University, Baker IDI Bright Sparks Foundation, Australian Postgraduate Award, VicHealth, National Health and Medical Research Council, Australian Research Council, Victorian Government.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Disabled Persons; Humans; Risk Factors; Work Capacity Evaluation
PubMed: 24622316
DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(13)70046-9 -
Preventive Medicine Jun 2017The aim of this systematic review was to assess the association between the characteristics of the socioeconomic and physical/built neighborhoods and disability in basic... (Review)
Review
The aim of this systematic review was to assess the association between the characteristics of the socioeconomic and physical/built neighborhoods and disability in basic activities of daily living (ADL) and/or instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Six databases were searched. Fourteen from the 1811 identified studies were included. Neighborhoods with socioeconomic disadvantage were associated with ADL/IADL disabilities in 7 out of the 11 studies with this objective. Worst features of the physical/built neighborhoods were associated with disabilities in only 3 of the 7 studies that investigated this. Relative to the physical/built, the socioeconomic neighborhood and ADL/IADL disabilities were more consistently associated in the still scarcely available literature on the subject.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Disabled Persons; Environment Design; Humans; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 28216376
DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.02.014 -
Public Health Sep 2020Smoking has negative consequences on occupational health. The current meta-analysis was conducted with the aim to pool the studies about smoking and increased disability... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
Smoking has negative consequences on occupational health. The current meta-analysis was conducted with the aim to pool the studies about smoking and increased disability pension.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
Articles were found in the scientific literature using keywords, and searching was limited to prospective cohort studies that had been published before August 2018. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 prospective cohort studies were selected. The analyses were carried out on the basis of the random-effects method. Subgroup analysis was also carried out. Finally, the bias of publication was examined using Begg's test, the Egger test, the trim-and-fill method, and the funnel plot.
RESULTS
Twenty-three studies were included. The results showed a positive association between smoking and disability pension, with a risk ratio (RR) of 1.41 and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 1.30-1.53 (P < 0.001). In men, the RR was equal to 1.48 and 95% CI was equal to 1.30-1.68 (P < 0.001). In women, the RR was equal to 1.23 and 95% CI was equal to 1.09-1.37 (P = 0.001). In current smokers, the RR was equal to 1.41 and 95% CI was equal to 1.26-1.57 (P < 0.001). In former smokers, the RR was equal to 1.16 and 95% CI was equal to 1.05-1.29 (P = 0.003). Qualitative evaluation showed that the studies had a low level of selection bias, data collection bias, and withdrawal and dropout bias.
CONCLUSIONS
Smoking is a risk factor for increasing disability pension, and men are at higher risk of disability pension. In addition, both current and former smokers are in high risk of disability pension. Overall, it can be concluded that smoking is a risk factor for occupational health.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Pensions; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Smoking
PubMed: 32882482
DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.04.013 -
Disability and Rehabilitation Mar 2017Self-managed, home-based physical therapy (HBPT) is an increasingly common element of physical therapy rehabilitation programmes but non-adherence can reach 70%.... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Self-managed, home-based physical therapy (HBPT) is an increasingly common element of physical therapy rehabilitation programmes but non-adherence can reach 70%. Understanding factors that influence patients' adherence to HBPTs could help practitioners support better adherence. Research to date has focussed largely on clinic-based physiotherapy. The objective of this review, therefore, was to identify specific factors, which influence adherence to home-based, self-managed physical therapies.
METHOD
A systematic review was conducted, in which eight online databases were searched using combinations of key terms relating to physical therapies, adherence and predictors. Matching records were screened against eligibility criteria and 30 quantitative articles were quality assessed and included in the final review. Relevant data were extracted and a narrative synthesis approach was taken to aggregating findings across studies.
RESULTS
There was relatively strong evidence that the following factors predicted adherence to HBPTs: intention to engage in the HBPT, self-motivation, self-efficacy, previous adherence to exercise-related behaviours and social support.
CONCLUSIONS
This review has identified a range of factors that appear to be related to patients' adherence to their self-managed physical rehabilitation therapies. Awareness of these factors may inform design of interventions to improve adherence. Implications for Rehabilitation Non-adherence to physical rehabilitation therapies is often high - particularly in self-managed, home-based programmes, despite good adherence being important in achieving positive outcomes. The findings of this systematic review indicate that greater self-efficacy, self-motivation, social support, intentions and previous adherence to physical therapies predict higher adherence to HBPTs. Assessment of these domains before providing individuals with their HBPT regimes may allow identification of 'risk factors' for poor adherence. These can then potentially be addressed or managed prior to, or alongside, the therapy. Interventions to support patients' self-managed physical rehabilitation should include elements designed to enhance patients' self-efficacy, self-motivation and social support given the evidence that these factors are good predictors of adherence.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Home Care Services; Humans; Patient Compliance; Physical Therapy Modalities; Self Care
PubMed: 27097761
DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2016.1153160