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Complementary Therapies in Clinical... Aug 2022The intestinal flora is involved in the bone development of children through a variety of mechanisms, but it remains unclear whether intervention of the intestinal flora... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The intestinal flora is involved in the bone development of children through a variety of mechanisms, but it remains unclear whether intervention of the intestinal flora can enhance children's bone development.
METHODS
Six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched for all English and Chinese studies published up to August 2021. Stata version 16.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA) was used. Bone mass density and biochemical markers related to bone metabolism were reported as the primary outcome, and the secondary outcomes were anthropometric parameters such as height, height Z score for age, and height velocity. Intergroup differences were determined by standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS
A total of 3245 participants from 20 RCTs and 370 participants from 8 crossover trials were included in the study. Significant differences were found in bone mineral density (SMD 0.47; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.66; p < 0.001; I = 0.00%) and total serum calcium (SMD 1.07; 95% CI, 0.39 to 1.74; p < 0.001; I = 61.9%), as well as in height Z score for age (SMD = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.22; P = 0.044; I = 0%). The overall quality of evidence ranged from moderate to very low.
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that intestinal flora intervention was an effective method of improving bone mineral density, serum calcium, and height in infants, children, and adolescents. Future studies with a larger sample size and longer intervention period are needed. The protocol of this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO and the registered number was CRD42021282606.
Topics: Adolescent; Bone Development; Calcium; Child; China; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Infant
PubMed: 35436695
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101591 -
Acta Biomaterialia Oct 2023Titanium (Ti) and Ti alloys are commonly used in dental implants, which have good biocompatibility, mechanical strength, processability, and corrosion resistance.... (Review)
Review
Titanium (Ti) and Ti alloys are commonly used in dental implants, which have good biocompatibility, mechanical strength, processability, and corrosion resistance. However, the surface inertia of Ti implants leads to delayed integration of Ti and new bone, as well as problems such as aseptic loosening and inadequate osseointegration. Magnesium (Mg) ions can promote bone regeneration, and many studies have used Mg-containing materials to modify the Ti implant surface. This systematic review summarizes the methods, effects, and clinical applications of surface modification of Ti implants with Mg-containing coatings. Database collection was completed on Janury 1, 2023, and a total of 29 relevant studies were ultimately included. Mg can be compounded with different materials and coated to the surface of Ti implants using different methods. In vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that Mg-containing coatings promote cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. On the one hand, the surface roughness of implants increases with the addition of Mg-containing coatings, which is thought to have an impact on the osseointegration of the implant. On the other hand, Mg ions promote cell attachment through binding interactions between the integrin family and FAK-related signaling pathways. And Mg ions could induce osseointegration by activating PI3K, Notch, ERK/c-Fos, BMP-4-related signaling pathways and TRPM7 protein channels. Overall, Mg-based coatings show great potential for the surface modification of Ti implants to promote osseointegration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The inertia surface of titanium (Ti) implants leads to delayed osseointegration. Magnesium (Mg) ions, known for promoting bone regeneration, have been extensively studied to modify the surface of Ti implants. However, no consensus has been reached on the appropriate processing methods, surface roughness and effective concentration of Mg-containing coatings for osseointegration. This systematic review focus on the surface modification of Ti implants with Mg-containing compounds, highlighting the effects of Mg-containing coatings on the surface properties of Ti implants and its associated mechanisms. Besides, we also provide an outlook on future directions to promote the clinical application of Mg-modified implants.
Topics: Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Ions; Magnesium; Osseointegration; Osteogenesis; Surface Properties; Titanium
PubMed: 37517617
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.07.048 -
Brain Research Bulletin Apr 2020MicroRNAs (miRNAs) plays an important role in the human brain from the embryonic period to adulthood. In this sense, they influence the development of neural stem cells... (Review)
Review
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) plays an important role in the human brain from the embryonic period to adulthood. In this sense, they influence the development of neural stem cells (NSCs), regulating cellular differentiation and survival. Therefore, due to the importance of better comprehending the regulation of miRNAs in NSCs differentiation and the lack of studies that show the panorama of miRNAs and their signaling pathways studied until now we aimed to systematically review the literature to identify which miRNAs are currently being associated with neuronal differentiation and using bioinformatics analysis to identify their related pathways. A search was carried out in the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct, using the descriptors "(microRNA [MeSH])" and "(neurogenesis [MeSH])". From the articles found, two independent and previously calibrated reviewers, using the EndNote X7 (Thomson Reuters, New York, NY, US), selected those that concern miRNA in the development of NSCs, based on in vitro studies. After, bioinformatic analysis was performed using the software DIANA Tools, mirPath v.3. Subsequently, data was tabulated, analyzed and interpreted. Among the 106 miRNAs cited by included studies, 55 were up-regulated and 47 were down-regulated. The bioinformatics analysis revealed that among the up-regulated miRNAs there were 24 total and 6 union pathways, and 3 presented a statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05). Among the down-regulated miRNAs, 46 total and 13 union pathways were found, with 7 presenting a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05). The miR-125a-5p, miR-423-5p, miR-320 were the most frequently found miRNAs in the pathways determined by bioinformatics. In this study a panel of altered miRNAs in neuronal differentiation was created with their related pathways, which could be a step towards understanding the complex network of miRNAs in neuronal differentiation.
Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Computational Biology; Gene Expression Profiling; Humans; MicroRNAs; Neural Stem Cells; Neurogenesis
PubMed: 31945407
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.01.009 -
Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) Mar 2016The effects of swimming on bone mineral density (BMD) have been studied by several researchers, with inconsistent results. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The effects of swimming on bone mineral density (BMD) have been studied by several researchers, with inconsistent results.
AIM
This meta-analysis aims to determine whether systematic swimming training may influence BMD during childhood and adolescence.
METHODS
A systematic search was performed in PubMed, SPORTDiscus and ClinicalTrials.gov from the earliest possible year to March 2015, with data extraction and quality assessment performed independently by two researchers following the PRISMA methodology. Swimmers were compared to sedentary controls and to athletes performing highly osteogenic sports. Therefore, a total of two meta-analyses were developed.
RESULTS
Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analyses. Swimmers presented similar BMD values to sedentary controls and lower than other high-impact athletes. Femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD differences between swimmers and sedentary controls and between swimmers and athletes practicing osteogenic sports appeared to increase with age and favored the non-swimming groups. There were no differences by sex.
CONCLUSION
While swimming is associated with several health benefits, it does not appear to be an effective sport for improving BMD. Swimmers might be in need of additional osteogenic exercises for increasing BMD values.
Topics: Adolescent; Athletes; Bone Density; Child; Femur Neck; Humans; Lumbar Vertebrae; Osteogenesis; Swimming
PubMed: 26607734
DOI: 10.1007/s40279-015-0427-3 -
Journal of Biomedical Materials... Nov 2016This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the influence of biological implant surface coatings on periimplant bone formation in comparison to an uncoated... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the influence of biological implant surface coatings on periimplant bone formation in comparison to an uncoated titanium reference surface in experimental large animal models. The analysis was structured according to the PRISMA criteriae. Of the1077 studies, 30 studies met the inclusion criteriae. Nineteen studies examined the bone implant contact (BIC) and were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the mean increase in BIC for the test surfaces compared to the reference surfaces was 3.7 percentage points (pp) (95% CI -3.9-11.2, p = 0.339). Analyzing the increase in BIC for specific coated surfaces in comparison to uncoated reference surfaces, inorganic surface coatings showed a significant mean increase in BIC of 14.7 pp (95% CI 10.6-18.9, p < 0.01), extracellular matrix (ECM) surface coatings showed an increase of 10.0 pp (95% CI 4.4-15.6, p < 0.001), and peptide coatings showed a statistical trend with 7.1 pp BIC increase (95% CI -0.8-15.0, p = 0.08). In this review, no statistically significant difference could be found for growth factor surface coatings (observed difference -3.3 pp, 95% CI -16.5-9.9, p = 0.6). All analyses are exploratory in nature. The results show a statistically significant effect of inorganic and ECM coatings on periimplant bone formation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2898-2910, 2016.
Topics: Animals; Bone Substitutes; Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Implants, Experimental; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Osteogenesis; Surface Properties; Titanium
PubMed: 27301790
DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35805 -
Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related... Jan 2015The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate clinical and safety data for recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in an absorbable collagen sponge... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate clinical and safety data for recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) carrier when used for alveolar ridge/maxillary sinus augmentation in humans.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Clinical studies/case series published 1980 through June 2012 using rhBMP-2/ACS were searched. Studies meeting the following criteria were considered eligible for inclusion: >10 subjects at baseline and maxillary sinus or alveolar ridge augmentation not concomitant with implant placement.
RESULTS
Seven of 69 publications were eligible for review. rhBMP-2/ACS yielded clinically meaningful bone formation for maxillary sinus augmentation that would allow placement of regular dental implants without consistent differences between rhBMP-2 concentrations. Nevertheless, the statistical analysis showed that sinus augmentation following autogenous bone graft was significantly greater (mean bone height: 1.6 mm, 95% CI: 0.5-2.7 mm) than for rhBMP-2/ACS (rhBMP-2 at 1.5 mg/mL). In extraction sockets, rhBMP-2/ACS maintained alveolar ridge height while enhancing alveolar ridge width. Safety reports did not represent concerns for the proposed indications.
CONCLUSIONS
rhBMP-2/ACS appears a promising alternative to autogenous bone grafts for alveolar ridge/maxillary sinus augmentation; dose and carrier optimization may expand its efficacy, use, and clinical application.
Topics: Absorbable Implants; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; Collagen; Humans; Osteogenesis; Recombinant Proteins; Sinus Floor Augmentation; Transforming Growth Factor beta
PubMed: 24102703
DOI: 10.1111/cid.12156 -
European Journal of Pediatrics Mar 2018The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of soccer practice on bone in male and female children and adolescents. MEDLINE, PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
UNLABELLED
The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of soccer practice on bone in male and female children and adolescents. MEDLINE, PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science databases were searched for scientific articles published up to and including October 2016. Twenty-seven studies were included in this systematic review (13 in the meta-analysis). The meta-analysis was performed by using OpenMeta[Analyst] software. It is well documented that soccer practice during childhood provides positive effects on bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) compared to sedentary behaviors and other sports, such as tennis, weightlifting, or swimming. Furthermore, soccer players present higher BMC and BMD in most weight-bearing sites such as the whole body, lumbar spine, hip, and legs. Moreover, bone differences were minimized between groups during prepuberty. Therefore, the maturity status should be considered when evaluating bone. According to meta-analysis results, soccer practice was positively associated with whole-body BMD either in males (mean difference 0.061; 95%CI, 0.042-0.079) or in females (mean difference 0.063; 95%CI, 0.026-0.099).
CONCLUSION
Soccer may be considered a sport that positively affects bone mass during growth. Pubertal soccer players presented increased bone mass compared to controls or other athletes; however, these bone differences are minimized during the prepubertal stage. What is known: • It has been described that childhood and adolescence are important periods for bone mass and structure. • Previous studies have demonstrated that soccer participation improves bone mass in male and female children and adolescents. What is new: • The differences between soccer players and controls are more marked during puberty than prepuberty. • Weight-bearing sites such as lumbar spine, hip, femoral neck, trochanter, intertrochanteric region and both legs are particularly sensitive to soccer actions.
Topics: Adolescent; Body Composition; Bone Density; Bone Development; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Soccer
PubMed: 29282554
DOI: 10.1007/s00431-017-3060-3 -
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Dec 2013With the global trend of increasing asthma and allergic disorders there is strong interest regarding early life nutrition as a potentially modifiable risk factor for... (Review)
Review
With the global trend of increasing asthma and allergic disorders there is strong interest regarding early life nutrition as a potentially modifiable risk factor for lung disease. This systematic review includes 10 studies that assessed the effect of breastfeeding on lung growth and function. The review found breastfeeding to be beneficial for lung function, with the most consistent effect on increased forced vital capacity. There was no clear evidence that the relationship between breastfeeding and lung function was mediated through other factors. Furthermore, the findings from the few studies that investigated if maternal asthma modified the effect of breastfeeding on lung function were inconsistent. Further research is needed to determine the specific details such as duration and type (exclusive vs partial) of breastfeeding that leads to improved lung function.
Topics: Breast Feeding; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lung; Lung Diseases; Organogenesis; Risk Factors; Vital Capacity
PubMed: 24215413
DOI: 10.1586/1744666X.2013.851005 -
Cartilage Dec 2021A systematic review and meta-analysis of Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis (AMIC®) outcomes for grade III/IV chondral and osteochondral lesions of the knee... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
A systematic review and meta-analysis of Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis (AMIC®) outcomes for grade III/IV chondral and osteochondral lesions of the knee treated with Chondro-Gide®.
DESIGN
Studies with a minimum follow-up of 1 year providing clinical results of AMIC repair in the knee were included based on PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Methodological quality was assessed by the modified Coleman Methodology Score (mCMS). The meta-analysis was comparing pain VAS (Visual Analog Scale), Lysholm score, and IKDC score (International Knee Documentation Committee) between baseline and follow-up after 1 or 2 years and after >3 years.
RESULTS
Twelve studies (375 patients) were included. The mCMS demonstrated a suboptimal study design (ranking between 52 and 80). The mean age was 36.2 years (14-70 years). The mean defect size was 4.24 cm (0.8-22 cm). The results from the random effects model indicated a clinically significant ( < 0.05) improvement of pain VAS from baseline to follow-up at year 1 to 2 of -4.02(confidence interval -4.37; -3.67), still significant after 3 years. Lysholm score at year 1 or 2 improved significantly and remained highly significant after 3 years. IKDC score showed highly significant improvement of 32.61 between 1 and 2 years versus baseline values maintained after 3 years.
CONCLUSIONS
The AMIC procedure significantly improved the clinical status and functional scoring versus preoperative values. Evidence was obtained in a non-selected patient population, corresponding to real-life treatment of knee chondral and osteochondral defects. The evidence is sufficient to recommend AMIC in this indication.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arthroplasty, Subchondral; Cartilage, Articular; Chondrogenesis; Collagen; Female; Fractures, Stress; Guided Tissue Regeneration; Humans; Intra-Articular Fractures; Knee Injuries; Male; Middle Aged; Patellofemoral Joint; Patient Satisfaction; Transplantation, Autologous; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31508990
DOI: 10.1177/1947603519870846 -
Nutrition Research (New York, N.Y.) Jun 2014Phytoestrogens are candidate drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis. Many experiments have been designed to investigate the preventive effects of phytoestrogens for... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Phytoestrogens are candidate drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis. Many experiments have been designed to investigate the preventive effects of phytoestrogens for osteoporosis; however, it is easy for a single dissenting result from animal experiments to mislead clinical investigations. Herein, we use meta-analysis to assess the evidence for a protective effect of phytoestrogens on ovariectomized rat models of osteopenia. With respect to osteoporosis, PubMed and Web of Science were searched from January 2000 to March 2013 for relevant studies of phytoestrogens in ovariectomized rats. Two reviewers independently selected and assessed the studies. Data were aggregated using a random effects model. Meta-analysis revealed that the phytoestrogen treatment group demonstrated a significantly higher femur bone mineral density and trabecular bone and lower bone turnover markers (serum alkaline phosphatase and serum osteocalcin) compared with the control ovariectomized group, thus showing a bone protective effect of phytoestrogens in ovariectomized rats. Subsequent sensitivity analyses indicated that the effect of phytoestrogens on serum alkaline phosphatase and serum osteocalcin are not robust. Despite the high heterogeneity in the systematic review of animal experiments, the present results indicated that phytoestrogens may offer the most potential for the prevention of bone loss by reducing the expected loss of trabecular bone and bone mineral density. Their effects are likely due to inhibition of bone resorption, but their benefits on bone formation are still unclear. Further studies are needed to assess the effect of phytoestrogens on bone formation and the efficacy and safety of individual phytoestrogens.
Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Bone Density; Bone Resorption; Bone and Bones; Databases, Factual; Female; Osteocalcin; Osteogenesis; Osteoporosis; Ovariectomy; Phytoestrogens; Rats
PubMed: 25026913
DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.05.003