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Arthroscopy : the Journal of... Feb 2016To quantify the reported failures and reoperations for the emerging technique of matrix-assisted cartilage repair at short-term and midterm follow-up. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To quantify the reported failures and reoperations for the emerging technique of matrix-assisted cartilage repair at short-term and midterm follow-up.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review of 3 databases from March 2004 to February 2014 using keywords important for articular cartilage repair. Two authors reviewed the articles, the study exclusion criteria were applied, and articles were determined to be relevant (or not) to the research question. All studies with a minimum of 2 years' clinical follow-up were reviewed for all reported reoperations. The reasons for reoperations were recorded.
RESULTS
We reviewed 66 articles from the 301 articles identified in the original systematic search. There were 60 articles on matrix-assisted cartilage transplantation and 6 articles on matrix-induced chondrogenesis. The matrix-assisted cartilage transplantation studies reported on a total of 1,380 patients at 2 to 5 years' follow-up. Among these, there were 72 reoperations (5%) including 46 treatment failures (3%). These numbers increased to an 11% reoperation rate and 9% treatment failure rate at minimum 5-year follow-up of 961 patients. The most common procedures performed other than revision cartilage surgery or arthroplasty were manipulation under anesthesia for arthrofibrosis (0.7%) and debridement for graft hypertrophy (1.2%). The matrix-induced chondrogenesis studies reported on 163 patients. Among these, there were 15 reoperations (9%) that included 4 treatment failures (2%), 9 manipulations under anesthesia (6%), and 2 debridements for graft hypertrophy (1%).
CONCLUSIONS
Treatment failure rates for matrix-assisted cartilage repair increase from short-term to midterm follow-up, with 11% of patients having undergone further surgery at a minimum of 5 years' follow-up. These data can be used to counsel patients on the potential need for further operative intervention after this emerging cartilage repair technique.
Topics: Arthroplasty; Cartilage, Articular; Chondrocytes; Chondrogenesis; Debridement; Humans; Knee Joint; Orthopedic Procedures; Reoperation; Tissue Scaffolds; Transplantation, Autologous; Treatment Failure
PubMed: 26422710
DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2015.07.025 -
The British Journal of Oral &... Sep 2022This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and histological outcomes of autogenous demineralised dentin matrix (ADDM) as bone graft material compared with... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and histological outcomes of autogenous demineralised dentin matrix (ADDM) as bone graft material compared with Bio-Oss® in bone augmentation for the treatment of patients with oral bone deficits. Eight databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, CNKI, and WFPD) were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCT) performed from the date of inception of each database to July 2021. The Cochrane Collaboration's risk assessment tool was used to conduct the methodological quality assessment. Stata 15.0 software was used to perform data analysis. Seven RCTs including 220 patients were considered eligible for this study. No significant difference was found in the percentage of new bone formation (NBF) and implant stability quotient (ISQ). Patients who received ADDM grafting showed a significantly lower sinus height (SH) and percentage of residual graft material (RGM) compared with Bio-Oss® grafting. ADDM is as effective as Bio-Oss® in bone augmentation for oral bone defects.
Topics: Bone Substitutes; Bone Transplantation; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dentin; Humans; Minerals; Osteogenesis
PubMed: 35568576
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.03.009 -
European Journal of Medical Research Jul 2023Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are adult stem cells with multi-directional differentiation potential derived from ectoderm. Vitro experiments have shown that adding... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are adult stem cells with multi-directional differentiation potential derived from ectoderm. Vitro experiments have shown that adding cytokines can help DPSCs to be transformed from multipotent stem cells to osteoblasts. TGF-β has been proved to have an effect on the proliferation and mineralization of bone tissue, but its effect on the osteogenesis and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells is still uncertain. We aim to determine the effect of TGF-β on the osteogenesis and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells.
METHODS
We have identified studies from the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, and China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI) for studies interested in TGF-β and proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in the following indicators: A490 (an index for evaluating cell proliferation), bone sialoprotein (BSP), Col plasmid-1 (Col-1), osteocalcin (OCN), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2); and the number of mineralized nodules. Any language restrictions were rejected. Furthermore, we drew a forest plot for each outcome. We conducted a sensitivity analysis, data analysis, heterogeneity, and publication bias test. We evaluate the quality of each study under the guidance of Cochrane's tool for quality assessment.
RESULTS
The pooled data showed that TGF-β could promote the proliferation and ossification of dental pulp stem cells. All the included results support this conclusion except for the number of mineralized nodules: TGF-β increases the A490 index (SMD 3.11, 95% CI [0.54-5.69]), promotes the production of BSP (SMD 3.11, 95% CI [0.81-6.77]), promotes the expression of Col-1 (SMD 4.71, 95% CI [1.25-8.16]) and Runx-2 (SMD 3.37, 95% CI [- 0.63 to 7.36]), increases the content of OCN (SMD 4.32, 95% CI [1.20-7.44]) in dental pulp, and has no significant effect on the number of mineralized nodules (SMD 3.87, 95% CI [- 1.76 to 9.51]) in dental pulp stem cells.
CONCLUSIONS
TGF-β promotes the proliferation and osteogenesis of dental pulp stem cells.
Topics: Humans; Cell Differentiation; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Dental Pulp; Osteogenesis; Stem Cells; Transforming Growth Factor beta
PubMed: 37501191
DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01227-y -
International Journal of Oral and... Jan 2015The study objective was to evaluate, through a meta-analysis, the impact of primary palatoplasty on the sagittal maxillary and mandibular relationship among patients... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The study objective was to evaluate, through a meta-analysis, the impact of primary palatoplasty on the sagittal maxillary and mandibular relationship among patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Electronic database and hand searches were performed. Controlled clinical trials involving non-syndromic UCLP patients were included. Selected papers had to include a group of patients undergoing lip and palate repair and a group undergoing lip repair only. Data heterogeneity was demonstrated and individual means, standard deviations, and sample sizes were collected and summarized using a random effects model meta-analysis. Although six articles were selected for the systematic review, only four were included in the meta-analysis due to large discrepancies in the standard surgical protocol. Only one variable assessing the intermaxillary relationship (A point-nasion-B point; ANB), maxillary position (sella-nasion-A point; SNA), and mandibular position (sella-nasion-B point; SNB) was common among the selected studies. No significant differences in SNA and SNB were indentified between patients undergoing lip surgery alone and those undergoing lip and palate surgery. Evaluation of ANB showed a small statistical standard mean difference of 0.36°. Impaired maxillary sagittal growth, observed in patients with UCLP, appears to be a basic consequence of lip surgical repair. Additional changes to the maxilla and mandible produced by palatal repair are minor. Methodologically rigorous controlled studies are needed to provide a stronger evidence-based basis for the surgical management of patients with UCLP.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Cephalometry; Child; Child, Preschool; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Humans; Infant; Maxillofacial Development; Young Adult
PubMed: 25217008
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2014.08.004 -
A Systematic Review of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Periosteum-Derived Cells for Bone Regeneration.Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews Apr 2023Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and periosteum-derived cells (PDCs) represent promising skeletal stem cell sources to treat critical-size bone defects. However, the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and periosteum-derived cells (PDCs) represent promising skeletal stem cell sources to treat critical-size bone defects. However, the large number of preclinical tests with a variety of data complicates the selection of cells for further clinical translation. This systematic review aims to analyze the bone-forming efficacy of BMSCs- and PDCs-based approaches in all published preclinical experiments until November 2020. For this purpose, four databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, and Web of Science) were searched for eligible literature, which yielded a total of 94 full-text articles for systematic review. This review generated an evidence-based list of BMSC- or PDC-based approaches, which have been evaluated for bone formation in different animal models. Among them, 74 studies were included for pairwise and network meta-analysis. The results revealed that both PDC and BMSC had beneficial bone-forming efficacy compared to bare scaffold. In addition, BMSC- and PDC-based approaches had no significant difference regarding bone-forming efficacy. However, BMSC-based approach had a higher probability to be ranked better than PDC-based approach. Furthermore, the review discusses (i) the possible risk of bias of the evaluation of cell-based approaches, (ii) the difficulty in replication of such experiments due to frequent poor reporting of the methods and results, and (iii) the clinical relevance of the currently utilized BMSC- and PDC-based approaches. Systematic review registration: The study was prospectively registered in PROSPERO, Registration No. CRD42021270922.
Topics: Animals; Bone Marrow Cells; Bone Regeneration; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Models, Animal; Osteogenesis; Periosteum
PubMed: 36066333
DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2022.0115 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2015Although survival rates of breast, colon, and prostate cancers are improving, deaths from these tumors frequently occur due to metastasis. Voltage-gated Na(+) channels... (Review)
Review
Although survival rates of breast, colon, and prostate cancers are improving, deaths from these tumors frequently occur due to metastasis. Voltage-gated Na(+) channels (VGSCs) are membrane proteins, which regulate membrane current and cellular migration during nervous system organogenesis. VGSCs are also expressed in fibroblasts, immune cells, glia, and metastatic cancer cells. VGSCs regulate migration and invasion of breast, bowel, and prostate cancer cells, suggesting that they may be novel anti-metastatic targets. We conducted a systematic review of clinical and preclinical studies testing the effects of VGSC-inhibiting drugs in cancer. Two-hundred and four publications were identified, of which two human, two mouse, and 20 in vitro publications were included. In the clinical studies, the effect of these drugs on survival and metastatic relapse is not clear. The 22 preclinical studies collectively suggest that several VGSC-inhibiting drugs inhibit cancer proliferation, migration, and invasion. None of the human and only six of the preclinical studies directly investigated the effect of the drugs on VGSC activity. Studies were difficult to compare due to lack of standardized methodology and outcome measures. We conclude that the benefits of VGSC inhibitors require further investigation. Standardization of future studies and outcome measures should enable meaningful study comparisons.
PubMed: 26834632
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00273 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Jan 2015Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder which can lead to multiorgan dysfunction. Malabsorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) may occur and can cause... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder which can lead to multiorgan dysfunction. Malabsorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) may occur and can cause subclinical deficiencies of some of these vitamins. Vitamin K is known to play an important role in both blood coagulation and bone formation. Supplementation with vitamin K appears to be one way of addressing the deficiency, but there is very limited agreement on the appropriate dose and frequency of use of these supplements.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the effects of vitamin K supplementation in people with cystic fibrosis and to determine the optimal dose and route of administration of vitamin K for both routine and therapeutic use.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group's Trials Register comprising references identified from comprehensive electronic database searches and handsearches of relevant journals and abstract books of conference proceedings.Most recent search: 08 October 2014.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials of all preparations of vitamin K used as a supplement compared to either no supplementation (or placebo) at any dose or route and for any duration, in children or adults diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (by sweat test or genetic testing).
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two authors independently screened papers, extracted trial details and assessed their risk of bias.
MAIN RESULTS
Two trials (total of 32 participants) each lasting one month were included in the review and were assessed as having a moderate risk of bias. One was a dose-ranging parallel group trial in children (aged 8 to 18 years); and the other (with an older cohort) had a cross-over design comparing supplements to no treatment, but no separate data were reported for the first intervention period. Neither of the trials addressed any of the primary outcomes (coagulation, bone formation and quality of life). Both trials reported the restoration of serum vitamin K and undercarboxylated osteocalcin levels to the normal range after one month of daily supplementation with 1 mg of vitamin K.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
Evidence from randomised controlled trials on the benefits of routine vitamin K supplementation for people with CF is currently weak and limited to two small trials of short duration. However, no harm was found and until further evidence is available, the present recommendations should be adhered to.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Blood Coagulation; Child; Cystic Fibrosis; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Osteogenesis; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Vitamin K; Vitamin K Deficiency; Vitamins
PubMed: 25879106
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008482.pub4 -
Brain, Behavior, and Immunity Mar 2021The endocannabinoid (eCB) system is considered relevant in the pathophysiology of affective disorders, and a potential therapeutic target, as its hypoactivity is... (Review)
Review
The endocannabinoid (eCB) system is considered relevant in the pathophysiology of affective disorders, and a potential therapeutic target, as its hypoactivity is considered an important risk factor of depression. However, the biological mechanisms whereby the eCB system affects mood remain elusive. Through a systematic review, thirty-seven articles were obtained from the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Embase, PsychInfo, and CINAHL databases, investigating the role of the eCB system on the immune system and neurogenesis, as well as resulting behavioural effects in rodent models of affective disorders. Overall, activation of the eCB system appears to decrease depressive-like behaviour and to be anti-inflammatory, while promoting neuro- and synaptogenesis in various models. Activation of cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) is shown to be crucial in improving depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviour, although cannabidiol administration suggests a role of additional mechanisms. CBR signalling, as well as fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibition, are associated with decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, activation of CBRs is required for neurogenesis, which is also upregulated by FAAH inhibitors. This review is the first to assess the association between the eCB system, immune system and neurogenesis, alongside behavioural outcomes, across rodent models of affective disorders. We confirm the therapeutic potential of eCB system activation in depression and anxiety, highlighting immunoregulation as an important mechanism whereby dysfunctional behaviour and neurogenesis can be improved.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Endocannabinoids; Inflammation; Mood Disorders; Neurogenesis
PubMed: 33383145
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.12.024 -
Developmental Dynamics : An Official... Feb 2019Mandibular disorders are among the most common birth defects in humans, yet the etiological factors are largely unknown. Most of the neonates affected by mandibular...
Mandibular disorders are among the most common birth defects in humans, yet the etiological factors are largely unknown. Most of the neonates affected by mandibular abnormalities have a sequence of secondary anomalies, including airway obstruction and feeding problems, that reduce the quality of life. In the event of lacking corrective surgeries, patients with mandibular congenital disorders suffer from additional lifelong problems such as sleep apnea and temporomandibular disorders, among others. The goal of this systematic review is to gather evidence on hormonal and genetic factors that are involved in signaling pathways and interactions that are potentially associated with the nonsyndromic mandibular disorders. We found that members of FGF and BMP pathways, including FGF8/10, FGFR2/3, BMP2/4/7, BMPR1A, ACVR1, and ACVR2A/B, have a prominent number of gene-gene interactions among all identified genes in this review. Gene ontology of the 154 genes showed that the functional gene sets are involved in all aspects of cellular processes and organogenesis. Some of the genes identified by the genome-wide association studies of common mandibular disorders are involved in skeletal formation and growth retardation based on animal models, suggesting a potential direct role as genetic risk factors in the common complex jaw disorders. Developmental Dynamics 248:162-172, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Topics: Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; Fibroblast Growth Factors; Gene Regulatory Networks; Genome-Wide Association Study; Hormones; Humans; Mandible; Mandibular Diseases; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 30576023
DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.8 -
Biomolecules Feb 2022Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells play a pivotal role in periodontal and bone homeostasis and have promising potential for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.... (Review)
Review
Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells play a pivotal role in periodontal and bone homeostasis and have promising potential for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. There is compelling evidence that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are differentially expressed in PDL cells compared to other cell types and that these lncRNAs are involved in a variety of biological processes. This study systematically reviews the current evidence regarding the expression and regulatory functions of lncRNAs in PDL cells during various biological processes. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, the Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar to include articles published up to 1 July 2021. Original research articles that investigated the expression or regulation of lncRNAs in PDL cells were selected and evaluated for a systematic review. Fifty studies were ultimately included, based on our eligibility criteria. Thirteen of these studies broadly explored the expression profiles of lncRNAs in PDL cells using microarray or RNA sequencing. Nineteen studies investigated the mechanisms by which lncRNAs regulate osteogenic differentiation in PDL cells. The remaining 18 studies investigated the mechanism by which lncRNAs regulate the responses of PDL cells to various stimuli, namely, lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation, tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced inflammation, mechanical stress, oxidative stress, or hypoxia. We systematically reviewed studies on the expression and regulatory roles of lncRNAs in diverse biological processes in PDL cells, including osteogenic differentiation and cellular responses to inflammation, mechanical stress, and other stimuli. These results provide new insights that may guide the development of lncRNA-based therapeutics for periodontal and bone regeneration.
Topics: Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Humans; Inflammation; Osteogenesis; Periodontal Ligament; RNA, Long Noncoding
PubMed: 35204802
DOI: 10.3390/biom12020304