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Chemistry, An Asian Journal Jun 2021Acetone is one of the toxic, explosive, and harmful gases. It may cause several health hazard issues such as narcosis and headache. Acetone is also regarded as a key... (Review)
Review
Acetone is one of the toxic, explosive, and harmful gases. It may cause several health hazard issues such as narcosis and headache. Acetone is also regarded as a key biomarker to diagnose several diseases as well as monitor the disorders in human health. Based on clinical findings, acetone concentration in human breath is correlated with many diseases such as asthma, halitosis, lung cancer, and diabetes. Thus, its investigation can become a new approach for health monitoring. Better management at the early stages of such diseases has the potential not only to reduce deaths associated with the disease but also to reduce medical costs. ZnO-based sensors show great potential for acetone gas due to their high chemical stability, simple synthesis process, and low cost. The findings suggested that the acetone sensing performance of such sensors can be significantly improved by manipulating the microstructure (surface area, porosity, etc.), composition, and morphology of ZnO nanomaterials. This article provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art research activities, published during the last five years (2016 to 2020), related to acetone gas sensing using nanostructured ZnO (nanowires, nanoparticles, nanorods, thin films, etc). It focuses on different types of nanostructured ZnO-based acetone gas sensors. Furthermore, several factors such as relative humidity, acetone concentrations, and operating temperature that affects the acetone gas sensing properties- sensitivity, long-term stability, selectivity as well as response and recovery time are discussed in this review. We hope that this work will inspire the development of high-performance acetone gas sensors using nanostructured materials.
Topics: Acetone; Breath Tests; Gases; Humans; Zinc Oxide
PubMed: 33970556
DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100303 -
Journal of Molecular Microbiology and... 2016Acetone and other ketones are activated for subsequent degradation through carboxylation by many nitrate-reducing, phototrophic, and obligately aerobic bacteria. Acetone... (Review)
Review
Acetone and other ketones are activated for subsequent degradation through carboxylation by many nitrate-reducing, phototrophic, and obligately aerobic bacteria. Acetone carboxylation leads to acetoacetate, which is subsequently activated to a thioester and degraded via thiolysis. Two different types of acetone carboxylases have been described, which require either 2 or 4 ATP equivalents as an energy supply for the carboxylation reaction. Both enzymes appear to combine acetone enolphosphate with carbonic phosphate to form acetoacetate. A similar but more complex enzyme is known to carboxylate the aromatic ketone acetophenone, a metabolic intermediate in anaerobic ethylbenzene metabolism in denitrifying bacteria, with simultaneous hydrolysis of 2 ATP to 2 ADP. Obligately anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria activate acetone to a four-carbon compound as well, but via a different process than bicarbonate- or CO2-dependent carboxylation. The present evidence indicates that either carbon monoxide or a formyl residue is used as a cosubstrate, and that the overall ATP expenditure of this pathway is substantially lower than in the known acetone carboxylase reactions.
Topics: Acetone; Anaerobiosis; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Carboxy-Lyases; Ketones; Metabolic Networks and Pathways
PubMed: 26958851
DOI: 10.1159/000441500 -
Journal of Environmental Health Oct 2001
Topics: Acetone; Humans; Inhalation Exposure; Occupational Exposure; Photochemistry; Reference Values; Risk Assessment; Volatilization; Workplace
PubMed: 11605327
DOI: No ID Found -
Nutrition Reviews Aug 1967
Review
Topics: Acetone; Acidosis; Animals; Cattle; Female; Lactation; Pregnancy
PubMed: 4864215
DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.1967.tb05644.x -
Diabetes Mar 1982The presence and the importance of acetone and its metabolism in diabetic ketoacidosis has largely been ignored. Therefore, we studied acetone metabolism in nine...
The presence and the importance of acetone and its metabolism in diabetic ketoacidosis has largely been ignored. Therefore, we studied acetone metabolism in nine diabetic patients in moderate to severe ketoacidosis. The concentration of acetone in plasma, urine, and breath, and the rates of acetone production and elimination in breath and urine were determined and the rates of vivo metabolism were calculated. Plasma acetone concentrations (1.55-8.91 mM) were directly related and were generally greater than acetoacetate concentrations (1.16-6.08 mM). The rates of acetone production ranged from 68 to 581 mumol/min/1.73 m2, indicating the heterogeneous nature of the patients studied. The average acetone production rate was 265 mumol/min/1.73 m2 and accounted for about 52% of the estimated acetoacetate production rate. Urinary excretion of acetone remained constant and accounted for about 7% of the acetone production rate in all patients. There was a positive linear relationship between the percentage of the acetone production rate accounted for by excretion in breath and the plasma acetone concentration. At low plasma acetone concentrations, approximately 20%, and at high plasma acetone concentrations, approximately 80% of the production rate was accounted for by breath acetone. In contrast, there was a negative linear relationship between the percentage of acetone production rate undergoing in vivo metabolism and plasma acetone concentration. At low plasma acetone concentrations, approximately 75%, and at high concentrations, approximately 20% of acetone production rate was accounted for by in vivo metabolism. Radioactivity from 2-[14C]-acetone was variably present in plasma acetone, glucose, lipids and proteins. No radioactivity was found in plasma acetoacetate, beta-hydroxy butyrate or free fatty acids or other anionic compounds. Exchange rates of acetone into other metabolites could not be estimated because of non-steady-state precursor product relationships in these patients.
Topics: Acetone; Adult; Aged; Biotransformation; Blood Glucose; Breath Tests; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Humans; Ketone Bodies; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 6818074
DOI: 10.2337/diab.31.3.242 -
Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift... May 1980
Topics: Acetone; Humans; Occupational Diseases
PubMed: 7408648
DOI: No ID Found -
Environmental Research Jul 2023A nano-enabled low-trace monitoring system for acetone has the potential to revolutionize breath omics-based non-invasive diagnosis of human diabetes and environmental...
A nano-enabled low-trace monitoring system for acetone has the potential to revolutionize breath omics-based non-invasive diagnosis of human diabetes and environmental monitoring technologies. This unprecedented study presents the state-of-the-art facile and economic template-assisted hydrothermal route to fabricate novel CuMoO nanorods for room temperature breath and airborne acetone detection. Physicochemical attribute analysis reveals the formation of crystalline CuMoO nanorods with diameters ranging from 90 to 150 nm, and an optical band gap of approximately 3.87 eV. CuMoO nanorods-based chemiresistor demonstrates excellent acetone monitoring performance, with a sensitivity of approximately 33.85 at a concentration of 125 ppm. Acetone detection is rapid, with a response time of 23 s and fast recovery within 31 s. Furthermore, the chemiresistor exhibits long-term stability and selectivity towards acetone, compared to other interfering volatile organic compounds (VOCs) commonly found in human breath such as ethanol, propanol, formaldehyde, humidity, and ammonia. The linear detection range of acetone from 25 to 125 ppm achieved by the fabricated sensor is well-suited for human breath-based diagnosis of diabetes. This work represents a significant advancement in the field, as it offers a promising alternative to time-consuming and costly invasive biomedical diagnostics, with the potential for application in cleanroom facilities for indoor contamination monitoring. The utilization of CuMoO nanorods as sensing nanoplatform opens new possibilities for the development of nano-enabled, low-trace acetone monitoring technologies for non-invasive diabetes diagnosis and environmental sensing applications.
Topics: Humans; Acetone; Breath Tests; Nanotubes; Diabetes Mellitus; Volatile Organic Compounds
PubMed: 37076034
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115931 -
Journal of Vector Ecology : Journal of... Mar 2022The biological effect of acetone extracts from three selected plants, and on the egg hatch rate, larvicidal activity, and larval development of L. was investigated....
The biological effect of acetone extracts from three selected plants, and on the egg hatch rate, larvicidal activity, and larval development of L. was investigated. The egg hatch rate of was significantly reduced (P<0.01) when the extracts of were used. Moreover, the used extracts significantly exhibited a variable larvicidal activity against the (P<0.001). The most toxicity was observed when the larvae were treated with the acetonic extract of showing different toxicities with lower LCs at 140.1 ppm after two days and 51.3 ppm after ten days. In this observed time, larvae suffered chronic toxicities (increased mortality with increasing exposure time and sublethal endpoints, such as decreased larvae development) when treated with used plant extracts, leading to 96.7% mortality with and 91.5% and 85.7% mortalities with and , respectively. All concentrations significantly obstructed larvae development, causing significant reductions in both the proportion of pupation (P<0.001) and the emergence of adults (P<.001). The larval development reduction was observed under the extracts treatment, where only 15.2% and 9.7% of the larvae managed to reach pupal and adult stages, respectively. In conclusion, applying acetone extracts from to immature mosquito breeding sites may efficiently control mosquitoes to reduce the reliance on insecticides against these disease vectors.
Topics: Acetone; Animals; Culex; Culicidae; Mosquito Vectors; Plant Breeding; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 35366674
DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-47.1.1 -
Diabetes Jun 1986Plasma acetone turnover rates were measured with the primed continuous infusion of 2-[14C]acetone in patients with moderate to severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Plasma...
Plasma acetone turnover rates were measured with the primed continuous infusion of 2-[14C]acetone in patients with moderate to severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Plasma acetone turnover rates ranged from 1.52 to 15.9 mumol X kg-1 X min-1 (108-1038 mumol X 1.73 m-2 X min-1) and were directly related to the plasma acetone concentrations that ranged from 0.47 to 7.61 mM. The average acetone turnover rate was 6.45 mumol X kg-1 X min-1 (533 mumol X 1.73 m-2 X min-1), a value twice that obtained in a similar group of diabetic ketoacidotic patients via the single-injection technique of 2-[14C]acetone administration. Degradation of urine glucose revealed that 14C from administered 2-[14C )acetone was principally located in carbons 1, 2, 5, and 6 of the glucose molecule in five of six patients. This distribution is similar to that expected from 2-[14C]pyruvate, suggesting that acetone was converted to glucose through pyruvate. In one patient, label was located predominantly in glucose carbons 3 and 4, indicating that acetone metabolism may be different in some patients. Acetol (1-hydroxyacetone) and 1,2-propanediol (PPD), two possible metabolites of acetone, were detected in plasma of the patients. The concentrations of Acetol ranged from 0 to 0.48 mM and of PPD ranged from 0 to 0.53 mM. The concentrations of each metabolite were directly related to the plasma acetone concentrations. During the continuous infusion of 2-[14C]acetone, the specific activities of plasma glucose and PPD rose continuously but did not reach constant values. Estimates of the minimal percent plasma glucose and PPD derived from plasma acetone averaged 2.1 and 74%, respectively.
Topics: Acetone; Adult; Blood Glucose; Carbon Radioisotopes; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Humans; Keto Acids; Ketone Bodies; Male; Middle Aged; Propylene Glycols
PubMed: 3086164
DOI: 10.2337/diab.35.6.668 -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... Jul 2015Macrocyclization is a broadly applied approach for overcoming the intrinsically disordered nature of linear peptides. Herein, it is shown that dichloroacetone (DCA)...
Macrocyclization is a broadly applied approach for overcoming the intrinsically disordered nature of linear peptides. Herein, it is shown that dichloroacetone (DCA) enhances helical secondary structures when introduced between peptide nucleophiles, such as thiols, to yield an acetone-linked bridge (ACE). Aside from stabilizing helical structures, the ketone moiety embedded in the linker can be modified with diverse molecular tags by oxime ligation. Insights into the structure of the tether were obtained through co-crystallization of a constrained S-peptide in complex with RNAse S. The scope of the acetone-linked peptides was further explored through the generation of N-terminus to side chain macrocycles and a new approach for generating fused macrocycles (bicycles). Together, these studies suggest that acetone linking is generally applicable to peptide macrocycles with a specific utility in the synthesis of stabilized helices that incorporate functional tags.
Topics: Acetone; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cattle; Cyclization; Macrocyclic Compounds; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptides; Peptides, Cyclic; Protein Structure, Secondary; Ribonucleases
PubMed: 26096515
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502607