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Revista Argentina de Microbiologia 2021Actinomyces and related genera are grampositive bacilli, opportunistic pathogens, which have been mainly involved in endogenous infections. However, due to the...
Actinomyces and related genera are grampositive bacilli, opportunistic pathogens, which have been mainly involved in endogenous infections. However, due to the complexity in identifying them for most clinical laboratories, there is scant knowledge about their real clinical significance. In this work, 166 isolates of 13 different species of Actinomyces/Actinotignum species recovered from clinical samples of patients treated in a university hospital were studied. The identification was performed by MALDI-TOF MS and molecular identification. MALDI-TOF MS identified 91.57% of the isolates (152/166) at the species level using a score ≥ 1.7 and 3.61% (6/166) of the isolates were identified only at the gender level with a score ≥ 1.5. MALDI-TOF MS did not yield reliable identification results for 4.82% (8/166) of the isolates. Actinomyces/Actinotignum species were isolated from: soft tissue (n: 47), urine samples (n: 35), head / neck abscesses (n: 19), genital abscesses (n: 11), blood samples (n: 10), breast abscesses (n: 8), osteoarticular samples (n: 6), abdominal/ascitic fluids (n: 3), abdominal abscesses (n: 5), sputum/BAL (n: 4), brain abscesses (n: 3), and others (n: 15). The results obtained from the statistical analysis showed a high differential frequency (> 2) for the location/species association: urine/A. schaalii/sanguinis; brain abscesses/A. europaeus; osteoarticular samples/A. urogenitalis; abdominal abscesses/ A. turicensis; respiratory samples/A. naeslundii/viscosus. This information provides a greater understanding of the clinical and epidemiological relevance of these species. The pathogenic role of Actinomyces spp. will be increasingly revealed as these microorganisms could be recognized thanks to prolonged culture and the advances in identification technology facilitated by MALDI-TOF MS.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycetaceae; Hospitals; Humans; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 33402284
DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2020.11.005 -
Kokubyo Gakkai Zasshi. the Journal of... Jun 1989It has been reported that dental calculus contains trace elements of mercury besides lead, cadmium and zinc. The mercury is one of the hazardous metal elements from the...
It has been reported that dental calculus contains trace elements of mercury besides lead, cadmium and zinc. The mercury is one of the hazardous metal elements from the environmental point of view. The purpose of this study was to clarify the mechanism of the accumulation of mercury in the dental calculus. The results were as follows: 1. The concentration of mercury was 1.6 ppm in the dental calculus collected from the subjects with no amalgam fillings. 2. The most of the mercury was found in the organic fraction of the dental calculus. 3. In the culture study of Bacterionema matruchotii in vitro, with the increase of Bacterionema matruchotii the uptake of mercury by the bacteria increased. And the maximum uptake of mercury was seen between 7 to 14 days of the culture period. 4. After 7 days of culture, the bacterial cells were destroyed into several fractions and the quantity of the mercury in the respective fractions was assayed. About 90% of mercury was found in the cell wall. From these results, it was suggested that the uptake of mercury by the bacteria was the cause of mercury accumulation in the dental calculus.
Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Dental Calculus; Mercury
PubMed: 2794699
DOI: 10.5357/koubyou.56.347 -
Annals of Internal Medicine Nov 1979
Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Actinomycetales Infections; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth
PubMed: 496114
DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-91-5-746 -
European Journal of Clinical... Oct 2001
Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Base Sequence; Blindness; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endophthalmitis; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Immunocompetence; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Bacterial; Risk Assessment; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 11757983
DOI: 10.1007/s100960100589 -
Annals of Internal Medicine Nov 1979
Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Actinomycetales Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mouth
PubMed: 496115
DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-91-5-747 -
British Medical Journal (Clinical... Mar 1981
Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Actinomycetales Infections; Adult; Brain Abscess; Humans; Male
PubMed: 6783236
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.282.6269.1035 -
International Journal of Systematic and... May 2003A hitherto undescribed Actinomyces-like bacterium was isolated from human urine. Based on its biochemical characteristics, the unidentified bacterium did not correspond...
A hitherto undescribed Actinomyces-like bacterium was isolated from human urine. Based on its biochemical characteristics, the unidentified bacterium did not correspond to any currently described Actinomyces species or related taxa. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the unknown bacterium exhibits a specific phylogenetic association with the genus Actinobaculum, but a sequence divergence of > 5% from the two currently recognized members of this genus, Actinobaculum schaalii and Actinobaculum suis, demonstrates that it represents a distinct species. Based on both phenotypic and 16S rRNA gene sequence considerations, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium from urine should be classified as a novel species, Actinobaculum urinale sp. nov. The type strain of Actinobaculum urinale is CCUG 46093(T) (= CIP 107424(T)).
Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Actinomycetales Infections; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Female; Genes, rRNA; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Phenotype; Pyuria; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Urine
PubMed: 12807186
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.02422-0 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Jul 1980An antagonistic strain of Streptococcus faecium was isolated from human feces, and it displayed a marked inhibition of bifidobacteria on agar plates. In liquid culture...
An antagonistic strain of Streptococcus faecium was isolated from human feces, and it displayed a marked inhibition of bifidobacteria on agar plates. In liquid culture this isolate produced an antibacterial substance that can be partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. Its activity was assayed by the inhibition of growth of Bifidobacterium longum. The substance was sensitive to digestion by proteolytic enzymes and alpha-amylase, but was resistant to treatment with 6 M urea, dithiothreitol, 2-mercaptoethanol, ethyl ether, chloroform, and lysozyme. It was also stable to heating at 100 degrees C for 60 min. Its molecular weight was estimated to be about 50,000 by gel filtration.
Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Stability; Molecular Weight; Streptococcus
PubMed: 7416752
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.18.1.58 -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... Jul 2011Actinobaculum schaalii is a new species that has so far been isolated from human blood, urine and pus. Its importance has probably been underestimated and other...
Actinobaculum schaalii is a new species that has so far been isolated from human blood, urine and pus. Its importance has probably been underestimated and other Actinobaculum spp. may also have been underdiagnosed. This retrospective study comprises all known cases of A. schaalii infections identified since 2004 in the canton of Neuchâtel (170,000 inhabitants), Switzerland. Strains were cultivated and isolated in the bacteriology laboratory using its routine procedure. Identification included a Rapid ID 32 A strip (bioMérieux) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Twenty-one positive samples were found in 19 patients (11 male, 8 female) of all ages (range 16-91 years): 10 from urine (50%), six from blood (30%), one from both blood and urine (5%), and three from pus (15%). Thirteen out of 17 (76%) cases with either blood or urine specimens had underlying genitourinary tract pathologies. When urine cultures were positive for A. schaalii, leucocytes were found in all samples (10/10, 100%) but all nitrite tests were negative (10/10, 100%). The onset of appropriate treatment was delayed due to the diminished sensitivity of A. schaalii to the antibiotics commonly used for UTIs (i.e. ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) and to the delay in microbiological diagnosis. A. schaalii should specifically be searched in all cases of leukocyturia with a negative nitrite test but with Gram-positive rods in the Gram stain, in patients with underlying genitourinary tract pathology, instead of dismissing these findings as clinically irrelevant colonization by coryneform bacteria. This infection may be much more common than previously thought.
Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Actinomycetales Infections; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Blood; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Retrospective Studies; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Suppuration; Switzerland; Urine; Young Adult
PubMed: 20854424
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03370.x -
Mikrobiologiia 1962
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycetaceae
PubMed: 14459343
DOI: No ID Found