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International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2017Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are an integral part of the Gram-negative outer membrane, playing important organizational and structural roles and taking part in the...
Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are an integral part of the Gram-negative outer membrane, playing important organizational and structural roles and taking part in the bacterial infection process. In , , and , three different genomic regions taking part in the LPS core oligosaccharide (Core-OS) assembly have been identified, although the characterization of these clusters in most aeromonad species is still lacking. Here, we analyse the conservation of these LPS biosynthesis gene clusters in the all the 170 currently public genomes, including 30 different species, and characterise the structure of a putative common inner Core-OS in the family. We describe three new genomic organizations for the inner Core-OS genomic regions, which were more evolutionary conserved than the outer Core-OS regions, which presented remarkable variability. We report how the degree of conservation of the genes from the inner and outer Core-OS may be indicative of the taxonomic relationship between species.
Topics: Aeromonadaceae; Gene Order; Genes, Bacterial; Genome, Bacterial; Genomics; Lipopolysaccharides; Oligosaccharides
PubMed: 28264491
DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030519 -
The Journal of Infection Feb 2011Members of the genus Aeromonas inhabit various aquatic environments and are responsible for, and are implicated in, a number of intestinal and extra-intestinal... (Review)
Review
Members of the genus Aeromonas inhabit various aquatic environments and are responsible for, and are implicated in, a number of intestinal and extra-intestinal infections in humans as well as other animals. This review focuses on invasive human infection and disease and summarizes available findings regarding the microbiology and detection of Aeromonas spp., with emphasis on successful identification and diagnosis, and the control of disease in the population. Antimicrobial resistance and therapy of Aeromonas spp. is also discussed.
Topics: Aeromonas; Animals; Aquatic Organisms; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Gastroenteritis; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Sepsis; Virulence Factors; Wound Infection
PubMed: 21163298
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2010.12.003 -
Advances in Microbial Physiology 2014Aeromonas species are inhabitants of aquatic environments and are able to cause disease in humans and fish among other animals. In aquaculture, they are responsible for... (Review)
Review
Aeromonas species are inhabitants of aquatic environments and are able to cause disease in humans and fish among other animals. In aquaculture, they are responsible for the economically important diseases of furunculosis and motile Aeromonas septicaemia (MAS). Whereas gastroenteritis and wound infections are the major human diseases associated with the genus. As they inhabit and survive in diverse environments, aeromonads possess a wide range of colonisation factors. The motile species are able to swim in liquid environments through the action of a single polar flagellum, the flagellin subunits of which are glycosylated; although essential for function the biological role of glycan addition is yet to be determined. Approximately 60% of aeromonads possess a second lateral flagella system that is expressed in viscous environments for swarming over surfaces; both flagellar systems have been shown to be important in the initial colonisation of surfaces. Subsequently, other non-flagellar colonisation factors are employed; these can be both filamentous and non-filamentous. The aeromonads possess a number of fimbrial systems with the bundle-forming MSHA type IV pilus system, having a major role in human cell adherence. Furthermore, a series of outer-membrane proteins have also been implicated in the aeromonad adhesion process. A number of strains are also capable of cell invasion and that maybe linked with the more invasive diseases of bacteraemia or wound infections. These strains employ cell surface factors that allow the colonisation of these niches that protect them from the host's immune system such as S-layers, capsules or particular lipopolysaccharides.
Topics: Aeromonas; Animals; Bacterial Adhesion; Bacterial Proteins; Fimbriae, Bacterial; Flagella; Genes, Bacterial; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans
PubMed: 25476767
DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2014.08.007 -
Letters in Applied Microbiology Jul 2012Incidental observation of a discrepancy in identification of Vibrio cholerae prompted a study to understand the ability of an automated microbial identification system...
AIMS
Incidental observation of a discrepancy in identification of Vibrio cholerae prompted a study to understand the ability of an automated microbial identification system to identify this important pathogen.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Twenty clinical isolates of V. cholerae showing difference in genetic profiles by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting, serologically confirmed as O1, and showing presence of ctxA and tcpA genes in PCR were subjected to analysis by Vitek 2 Compact automated identification system for identification. Vitek 2 Compact detected 10 of 20 isolates correctly, whereas the remaining 10 were identified as various members of Aeromonadaceae and Enterobacteriaceae.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results indicate that Vitek 2 Compact automated microbial system does not always identify V. cholerae strains correctly.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY
These observations should create awareness among end users about possible misidentifications by automated systems and encourage simultaneous use of serology and/or PCR for correct identification at least for V. cholerae, which is one of the most important enteric pathogens.
Topics: Aeromonadaceae; Automation, Laboratory; Bacteriological Techniques; Enterobacteriaceae; Genes, Bacterial; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; Reproducibility of Results; Vibrio cholerae
PubMed: 22502586
DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2012.03252.x -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Apr 2011
Topics: Aeromonas; Animals; Humans
PubMed: 21720695
DOI: No ID Found -
Critical Reviews in Microbiology 1989Although the first Aeromonas strain was described by Zimmermann as early as in 1890, it took 60 years until Caselitz established human pathogenicity of strains then... (Review)
Review
Although the first Aeromonas strain was described by Zimmermann as early as in 1890, it took 60 years until Caselitz established human pathogenicity of strains then called "Vibrio jamaicensis". Since then, and especially in the last 10 years, there have been increasing numbers of reports on different infections caused by members of the genus Aeromonas. These include sepsis; meningitis; cellulitis; necrotizing fasciitis; ecthyma gangrenosum; pneumonia; peritonitis; conjunctivitis; corneal ulcer; endophthalmitis; osteomyelitis; suppurative arthritis; myositis; subphrenic abscess; liver abscess; cholecystitis and/or ascending cholangitis; urinary tract infection; endocarditis; ear, nose, and throat infections; balanitis; etc. The role of Aeromonas in gastrointestinal disease is very controversial. Increasing epidemiological data suggest that these organisms play a major role in enteric infections, but so far enteropathogenicity has not been demonstrable in experiments where volunteers were given high numbers of Aeromonas possessing different virulence factors. Virulence factors include hemolysin(s), enterotoxin(s), hemagglutinins, invasivity, and others; but these are not found more frequently in strains isolated from patients with diarrhea than from healthy controls. Whether there is a correlation between species and disease remains to be elucidated and requires more information about the taxonomy of this genus.
Topics: Aeromonas; Bacterial Infections; Gastroenteritis; Humans; Virulence; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 2649316
DOI: 10.3109/10408418909105478 -
Gut Microbes 2012Gastrointestinal microbiomes play important roles in the health and nutrition of animals and humans. The medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana, serves as a powerful model for... (Review)
Review
Gastrointestinal microbiomes play important roles in the health and nutrition of animals and humans. The medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana, serves as a powerful model for the study of microbial symbioses of the gut, due to its naturally limited microbiome compared with other popular models, the ability to cultivate the most abundant microbes, and genetically manipulate one of them, Aeromonas veronii. This review covers the relevance and application of leeches in modern medicine as well as recent discoveries detailing the nature of the gut microbiome. Additionally, the dual life-style of A. veronii allows one to do direct comparisons between colonization factors for beneficial and pathogenic associations, and relevant findings are detailed with respect to their role within the host and pathogenicity to other animals.
Topics: Aeromonas; Animals; Gastrointestinal Tract; Leeches; Symbiosis
PubMed: 22572874
DOI: 10.4161/gmic.20227 -
Infection Apr 2007The evidence for an enteropathogenic role of Aeromonas spp. is still controversial. This review examines various parameters related to a causative role of Aeromonas and... (Review)
Review
The evidence for an enteropathogenic role of Aeromonas spp. is still controversial. This review examines various parameters related to a causative role of Aeromonas and concludes that infraspecific subsets of strains with a particular array of enterotoxin genes are potential enteropathogens. The consequences for stool bacteriology are discussed.
Topics: Aeromonas; Diarrhea; Disease Outbreaks; Feces; Humans; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 17401708
DOI: 10.1007/s15010-007-6243-4 -
Letters in Applied Microbiology Aug 2021Aeromonas spp. are associated with seafood-related outbreaks worldwide. In seafood industry, shellfish play a major role in global seafood production. With this emerging... (Review)
Review
Aeromonas spp. are associated with seafood-related outbreaks worldwide. In seafood industry, shellfish play a major role in global seafood production. With this emerging trend of shellfish consumption, shellfish-related bacterial infections are being reported frequently. Aeromonas spp. are natural contaminants found in shellfish. Although 36 species have been identified, some species including Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas veronii biotype sobria have dragged major attention as foodborne pathogenic bacteria. The ability to elaborate a variety of virulence factors of Aeromonas spp. contributes to the pathogenic activities. Also, emerging antimicrobial resistance in Aeromonas spp. has become a huge challenge in seafood industry. Furthermore, multidrug resistance increases the risk of consumer health. Studies have supplied pieces of evidence about the emerging health risk of Aeromonas spp. isolated from seafood. Therefore, the present review was intended to highlight the prevalence, virulence and antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas spp. isolated from various types of shellfish.
Topics: Aeromonas; Aeromonas caviae; Aeromonas hydrophila; Aeromonas veronii; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Food Contamination; Food Microbiology; Humans; Prevalence; Seafood; Shellfish; Virulence; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 33891720
DOI: 10.1111/lam.13489 -
Microbial Biotechnology Sep 2014Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida is an important pathogen in salmonid aquaculture and is responsible for the typical furunculosis. The type-three secretion... (Review)
Review
Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida is an important pathogen in salmonid aquaculture and is responsible for the typical furunculosis. The type-three secretion system (T3SS) is a major virulence system. In this work, we review structure and function of this highly sophisticated nanosyringe in A. salmonicida. Based on the literature as well as personal experimental observations, we document the genetic (re)organization, expression regulation, anatomy, putative functional origin and roles in the infectious process of this T3SS. We propose a model of pathogenesis where A. salmonicida induces a temporary immunosuppression state in fish in order to acquire free access to host tissues. Finally, we highlight putative important therapeutic and vaccine strategies to prevent furunculosis of salmonid fish.
Topics: Aeromonas salmonicida; Animals; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Secretion Systems; Fish Diseases; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Gene Order; Immune Evasion; Immune Tolerance; Macromolecular Substances; Salmonidae; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 24119189
DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12091