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Microorganisms Jan 2020The genus belongs to the family and comprises a group of Gram-negative bacteria widely distributed in aquatic environments, with some species able to cause disease in... (Review)
Review
The genus belongs to the family and comprises a group of Gram-negative bacteria widely distributed in aquatic environments, with some species able to cause disease in humans, fish, and other aquatic animals. However, bacteria of this genus are isolated from many other habitats, environments, and food products. The taxonomy of this genus is complex when phenotypic identification methods are used because such methods might not correctly identify all the species. On the other hand, molecular methods have proven very reliable, such as using the sequences of concatenated housekeeping genes like and or comparing the genomes with the type strains using a genomic index, such as the average nucleotide identity (ANI) or DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH). So far, 36 species have been described in the genus of which at least 19 are considered emerging pathogens to humans, causing a broad spectrum of infections. Having said that, when classifying 1852 strains that have been reported in various recent clinical cases, 95.4% were identified as only four species: (37.26%), (23.49%), (21.54%), and (13.07%). Since aeromonads were first associated with human disease, gastroenteritis, bacteremia, and wound infections have dominated. The literature shows that the pathogenic potential of is considered multifactorial and the presence of several virulence factors allows these bacteria to adhere, invade, and destroy the host cells, overcoming the immune host response. Based on current information about the ecology, epidemiology, and pathogenicity of the genus , we should assume that the infections these bacteria produce will remain a great health problem in the future. The ubiquitous distribution of these bacteria and the increasing elderly population, to whom these bacteria are an opportunistic pathogen, will facilitate this problem. In addition, using data from outbreak studies, it has been recognized that in cases of diarrhea, the infective dose of is relatively low. These poorly known bacteria should therefore be considered similarly as enteropathogens like and .
PubMed: 31963469
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8010129 -
Journal of Fish Diseases Feb 2022Aeromonas veronii (A. veronii) is an opportunistic pathogen of fish-human-livestock, which poses a threat to the development of aquaculture. Based on our previous...
Aeromonas veronii (A. veronii) is an opportunistic pathogen of fish-human-livestock, which poses a threat to the development of aquaculture. Based on our previous studies on proteomics and genomics, we found out that the aodp gene may be related to the virulence of A. veronii TH0426. However, aodp gene encodes a hypothetical protein with an unknown function, and its role in A. veronii TH0426 is not clear. Here, we first constructed a mutant strain (△-aodp) to investigate the functional role of aodp in A. veronii TH0426. Compared with the wild strain A. veronii TH0426, the growth rate of strain △-aodp was slower and was resistant to neomycin and kanamycin, but sensitive to cephalexin. The swimming and swarming ability of △-aodp strain decreased, and the pathogenicity to mice decreased by 15.84-fold. Besides, the activity of caspase-3 in EPCs infected with △-aodp strain was 1.49-fold lower than that of the wild strain. We examined 20 factors closely related to A. veronii virulence, among them 17 genes were down-regulated as a result of aodp deficiency. This study laid a foundation for further studies on the pathogenesis of A. veronii.
Topics: Aeromonas; Aeromonas veronii; Animals; Fish Diseases; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Mice; Virulence; Virulence Factors; Zebrafish
PubMed: 34875118
DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13544 -
Surgical Infections Oct 2021
Topics: Aeromonas; Aeromonas caviae; Aeromonas veronii; Cholecystitis, Acute; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans
PubMed: 33533674
DOI: 10.1089/sur.2020.474 -
World Journal of Clinical Cases Mar 2019species are uncommon pathogens in biliary sepsis and cause substantial mortality in patients with impaired hepatobiliary function. Asia has the highest incidence of...
BACKGROUND
species are uncommon pathogens in biliary sepsis and cause substantial mortality in patients with impaired hepatobiliary function. Asia has the highest incidence of infection from , whereas cases in the west are rare.
CASE SUMMARY
We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with advanced pancreatic cancer and jaundice who manifested fever, abdominal pain, severe thrombocytopenia, anemia and kidney failure following the insertion of a percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage. Blood culture results revealed the presence of (). After antibiotic therapy and transfusions, the life-threatening clinical conditions of the patient improved and she was discharged.
CONCLUSION
This was a rare case of infection, probably the first to be reported in West countries, caused by following biliary drainage. A finding of must alert clinician to the possibility of severe sepsis.
PubMed: 30968041
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i6.759 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Apr 2020is an important pathogen causing freshwater fish sepsis and ulcer syndrome. An increasing number of cases have demonstrated its significance as an aquatic zoonotic...
is an important pathogen causing freshwater fish sepsis and ulcer syndrome. An increasing number of cases have demonstrated its significance as an aquatic zoonotic agent. The purpose of this study was to ensure the safety of freshwater products by evaluating the infection status of edible freshwater fish. In this experiment, we isolated from several species of apparently healthy freshwater fish, including , , , and . was identified through bacterial staining, culture characteristics, and 16S rDNA gene sequence. In addition, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to investigate the distribution of seven major virulence genes, including aerolysin (: 88.51%), cytotoxic enterotoxin (: 71.26%), serine proteinase (: 54.02%), adhesin (: 40.23%), phospholipase (: 45.98%), nuclease (: 51.72%), and quorum sensing-controlled virulence factor (: 59.77%). In total, 496 strains of were isolated, including 87 strains of . The isolates of were Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria, and the colonies are yellow on Rimler-Shotts (RS) medium and showed greater than 99% homology with ATCC35624 according to analyses of the 16S rDNA sequence. Nearly 50% of the isolates carried at least four or more virulence genes, 25% of the isolates carried at least five types of virulence genes, and 59.77% isolates carried the gene, and the isolates carrying more virulence genes were found to be more virulent. These results are of great significance for further improving the food safety assessment of freshwater aquatic products.
PubMed: 32252334
DOI: 10.3390/ani10040608 -
BMC Genomics Feb 2022Aeromonas veronii is a Gram-negative rod-shaped motile bacterium that inhabits mainly freshwater environments. A. veronii is a pathogen of aquatic animals, causing...
BACKGROUND
Aeromonas veronii is a Gram-negative rod-shaped motile bacterium that inhabits mainly freshwater environments. A. veronii is a pathogen of aquatic animals, causing diseases in fish. A. veronii is also an emerging human enteric pathogen, causing mainly gastroenteritis with various severities and also often being detected in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Currently, limited information is available on the genomic information of A. veronii strains that cause human gastrointestinal diseases. Here we sequenced, assembled and analysed 25 genomes (one complete genome and 24 draft genomes) of A. veronii strains isolated from patients with gastrointestinal diseases using combine sequencing technologies from Illumina and Oxford Nanopore. We also conducted comparative analysis of genomes of 168 global A. veronii strains isolated from different sources.
RESULTS
We found that most of the A. veronii strains isolated from patients with gastrointestinal diseases were closely related to each other, and the remaining were closely related to strains from other sources. Nearly 300 putative virulence factors were identified. Aerolysin, microbial collagenase and multiple hemolysins were present in all strains isolated from patients with gastrointestinal diseases. Type III Secretory System (T3SS) in A. veronii was in AVI-1 genomic island identified in this study, most likely acquired via horizontal transfer from other Aeromonas species. T3SS was significantly less present in A. veronii strains isolated from patients with gastrointestinal diseases as compared to strains isolated from fish and domestic animals.
CONCLUSIONS
This study provides novel information on source of infection and virulence of A. veronii in human gastrointestinal diseases.
Topics: Aeromonas veronii; Animals; Fish Diseases; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Genome, Bacterial; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Virulence
PubMed: 35227192
DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08402-1 -
Microbiology Spectrum Jun 2022KPC-24, different from KPC-2 by a single amino acid alteration at codon 6 (R6P), was initially discovered in Klebsiella pneumoniae in Chile. Here, we reported...
KPC-24, different from KPC-2 by a single amino acid alteration at codon 6 (R6P), was initially discovered in Klebsiella pneumoniae in Chile. Here, we reported KPC-24-producing Aeromonas veronii isolates from hospital sewage in China. The was cloned and the MICs were tested against β-lactams antimicrobial agents. KPC-24 exhibited a β-lactam susceptibility profile similar to that of KPC-2. Whole-genome sequencing and analysis revealed that was located within a Tn-related region on an IncP-6 plasmid. Our study described a variant of K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), KPC-24, from two A. veronii strains isolated from hospital sewage, in which antibiotics, biocides, pharmaceuticals, and heavy metals may supply an appropriate condition for the evolution of carbapenemases. Some variants exhibited stronger hydrolysis activity to antibiotics and gave rise to a major public health concern. More seriously, species are prevalent in aquatic environments and, thus, may act as a suitable vector for antibiotics-resistance genes and foster the transmission of resistance. We should attach importance to surveying the evolution and transmission of antibiotics-resistance genes.
Topics: Aeromonas veronii; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Hospitals; Humans; Klebsiella Infections; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Plasmids; Sewage; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 35546572
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00555-22 -
Veterinary Microbiology Aug 2023Aeromonas veronii is a Gram-negative opportunistic bacterium found in fish, poultry and humans and has occasionally been associated with disease although not generally...
Aeromonas veronii is a Gram-negative opportunistic bacterium found in fish, poultry and humans and has occasionally been associated with disease although not generally considered a poultry pathogen. A. veronii was recently isolated from both healthy and condemned broiler carcasses at a major Danish abattoir. In this study, we did a whole genomic analysis of 24A. veronii strains from the abattoir to determine their potential sources and relatedness as well as their pathogenic potential, antimicrobial resistance determinants and associated mobile elements. No strains were multi-drug resistant, but all strains carried the beta-lactam resistance genes cphA3 and bla without being phenotypically resistant to carbapenems. One strain carried an IncA plasmid with tet(A), tet(B) and tet(E) genes. A phylogenetic tree including public A. veronii sequences showed that our isolates were not clonal but were dispersed around the phylogenetic tree, suggesting a diffuse spread of A. veronii across human, aquatic and poultry samples. Strains carried different virulence factors known to be associated with pathogenesis and severity of disease in animals and humans, e.g. type II (aerolysin, amylases, proteases, and cytotoxic enterotoxin Act) and III secretion systems where the latter has been associated with mortality in hospitalized patients. Although our genomic analysis of A. veronii shows zoonotic potential, epidemiological studies of human gastro-enteritis cases of A. veronii associated with consumption of broiler meat are needed. It remains to be proven if A. veronii is a true poultry pathogen and part of the established microflora in abattoirs and the gut-intestinal microflora of poultry.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Aeromonas veronii; Aeromonas; Chickens; Virulence; Phylogeny; Genomics; Denmark; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
PubMed: 37207528
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109772 -
Carbohydrate Research Apr 2022Presented herein is the synthesis of the Aeromonas veronii disaccharide repeating unit which has been achieved in 11 steps starting from d-fucose and d-galactosamine.
Presented herein is the synthesis of the Aeromonas veronii disaccharide repeating unit which has been achieved in 11 steps starting from d-fucose and d-galactosamine.
Topics: Aeromonas; Aeromonas veronii; Disaccharides; Fucose
PubMed: 35263695
DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108530 -
Co-infections of Aeromonas veronii and Nocardia seriolae in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).Microbial Pathogenesis Dec 2022Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is an important commercial fish species that is widely cultured throughout China. With the application of high-density culture,...
Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is an important commercial fish species that is widely cultured throughout China. With the application of high-density culture, M. salmoides is usually infected by different pathogens in water. Particularly, co-infection with multiple pathogens was common, which has considerably outweighed the impact caused by single infections. In this research, two bacteria strains were isolated from diseased fish by incubating on brain heart infusion agar. According to the results of 16S rRNA and gyrB sequence, as well as the analysis of morphological, physiological and biochemical features, the isolated bacterial strains were finally identified as Aeromonas veronii and Nocardia seriolae, respectively. In addition, eight virulence genes related to pathogenicity including enterotoxin, lipase, elastase, quorum sensing, hemolysin and adhesion were identified in A. veronii isolate and eight virulence genes encoding mammalian cell entry family proteins, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mycolyltransferase, nitrate reductase subunits, and putative cytotoxin/hemolysin were detected in N. seriolae isolate. Drug sensitivity testing indicated that both A. veronii and N. seriolae isolates were susceptible to kanamycin, streptomycin, gentamycin, neomycin, doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, and resistant to amikacin, cefpimizole, ampicillin, piperacillin, carbenicillin, oxacillin, rifampicin, trimethoprim, vancomycin, meropenem, imipenem and sulfisoxazole. Moreover, serious histopathological changes, such as typical granulomas with necrotic center, cell degeneration and necrosis, hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltration, were found in the naturally diseased fish. The LD of A. veronii and N. seriolae isolates were 7.94 × 10 CFU/g and 3.16 × 10 CFU/g fish weight, respectively. In addition, the coinfection of A. veronii and N. seriolae induce quick and higher mortality in comparison with those challenged by single bacteria. These results revealed that both A. veronii and N. seriolae participated in the disease outbreaks of the M. salmoides, and concurrent of those two bacteria synergistically exacerbate the disease severity.
Topics: Animals; Bass; Aeromonas veronii; Coinfection; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Hemolysin Proteins; Fish Diseases; Aeromonas; Mammals
PubMed: 36209969
DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105815