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Clinical Rheumatology Jan 1996The case of a 49-year-old woman suffering from generalized skeletal pain and multiple fractures accompanied by severe hypophosphataemia and low urinary phosphorus... (Review)
Review
The case of a 49-year-old woman suffering from generalized skeletal pain and multiple fractures accompanied by severe hypophosphataemia and low urinary phosphorus excretion is reported. She had been taking large amounts of antacids containing aluminum hydroxide for many years. A diagnosis of antacid-induced osteomalacia was made. It was confirmed by biological work-up, radiographs and bone biopsy. A dramatic biological, osteodensitometric, and clinical improvement was achieved by withdrawal of antacids and phosphorus administration. The literature concerning this unusual condition has been reviewed.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antacids; Biopsy, Needle; Bone Density; Female; Heartburn; Humans; Hypophosphatemia; Male; Middle Aged; Osteomalacia; Phosphorus; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 8929782
DOI: 10.1007/BF02231691 -
Scandinavian Journal of... 1979
Review
Topics: Adsorption; Antacids; Cimetidine; Drug Evaluation; Duodenal Ulcer; Gastric Juice; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Parasympatholytics; Secretory Rate
PubMed: 44009
DOI: No ID Found -
Chest Feb 2021
Topics: Antacids; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
PubMed: 33563432
DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.09.239 -
Archives of Internal Medicine Apr 1983
Topics: Aluminum Hydroxide; Antacids; Bone Resorption; Calcium; Feces; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa
PubMed: 6838290
DOI: No ID Found -
Scandinavian Journal of... 1982Antacid ingestion may lead to side-effects related to their chemical composition. Aluminum hydroxide may cause the phosphate depletion syndrome even during short-term... (Review)
Review
Antacid ingestion may lead to side-effects related to their chemical composition. Aluminum hydroxide may cause the phosphate depletion syndrome even during short-term administration of high doses in patients at high risk, such as alcoholics. Long-term intake may lead to bone demineralization and to osteomalacia. Fluoride complexing in the gut and prevention of fluoride absorption may be an additional factor. The clinical relevance of aluminum absorption in patients with normal renal function is not clear. In contrast, in patients with renal failure, aluminum hydroxide ingestion may contribute to an increasing hyperaluminemia. Hyperaluminemia and tissue deposition of aluminum in these patients may contribute to the dialysis-associated encephalopathy. Magnesium hydroxide causes an alkalinization of the urine due to magnesium absorption and urinary excretion. Thus, in renal insufficiency, a life-threatening hypermagnesemia may develop if magnesium-aluminum-containing antacids are prescribed. The milk-alkali syndrome, rarely observed nowadays, may be caused by calcium carbonate- and sodium bicarbonate-containing antacids. Hypercalciuria and alkaluria predispose to nephrolithiasis. The possibility that these disturbances in mineral metabolism will develop in patients with normal renal function is unlikely unless there is an abuse of these "over the counter" antacids.
Topics: Aluminum Hydroxide; Antacids; Bicarbonates; Calcium Carbonate; Drug Combinations; Humans; Magnesium; Magnesium Hydroxide; Magnesium Silicates; Minerals; Peptic Ulcer; Phosphorus; Silicic Acid; Sodium Bicarbonate
PubMed: 6293043
DOI: No ID Found -
The American Journal of Gastroenterology Apr 2003
Topics: Antacids; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Peptic Ulcer; Powders
PubMed: 12772712
DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07373.x -
The Journal of International Medical... Mar 2022Heartburn and acid regurgitation are the typical symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. Despite the availability of several treatment options, antacids remain the mainstay... (Review)
Review
Heartburn and acid regurgitation are the typical symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. Despite the availability of several treatment options, antacids remain the mainstay treatment for gastroesophageal reflux-related symptoms based on their efficacy, safety, and over-the-counter availability. Antacids are generally recommended for adults and children at least 12 years old, and the FDA recommends antacids as the first-line treatment for heartburn in pregnancy. This narrative review summarizes the mechanism, features, and limitations related to different antacid ingredients and techniques available to study the acid neutralization and buffering capacity of antacid formulations. Using supporting clinical evidence for different antacid ingredients, it also discusses the importance of antacids as OTC medicines and first-line therapies for heartburn, particularly in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, in which reliance on self-care has increased. The review will also assist pharmacists and other healthcare professionals in helping individuals with heartburn to make informed self-care decisions and educating them to ensure that antacids are used in an optimal, safe, and effective manner.
Topics: Adult; Antacids; Child; Female; Heartburn; Humans; Pandemics; Pregnancy; Self-Management; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
PubMed: 35343261
DOI: 10.1177/03000605221086457 -
Arzneimittel-Forschung 2009A close scrutiny of deployment of the present day home medicines has shown increased indulgence of antacids as a household remedy. While such household interventions are... (Review)
Review
A close scrutiny of deployment of the present day home medicines has shown increased indulgence of antacids as a household remedy. While such household interventions are considered innocuous, it could trigger potential drug-drug interaction(s), if the subject is taking other prescription medicine(s). Examination of the literature indicated that co-administration of antacids may have the potential to cause therapy failures due to reduced oral bioavailability of several drugs. Additionally, fortified foods and beverages with mineral supplement may also have the potential to reduce the bioavailability of oral drugs. On the basis of this review a number of drugs displayed reduced oral bioavailability in the presence of antacids. However, almost one third of the reviewed drugs showed a drastic bioavailability reduction (< 50%) warranting total avoidance of antacid ingestion in such drug uses. If antacid use is warranted, it needs to be carefully monitored in relation to the administration of the drug (either pre or post drug administration). It appeared that a safe window for antacid administration could be established especially for drugs that display moderate reduction of oral bioavailability. While possible mechanisms explaining the purported antacid-drug interaction are covered, additional perspectives with regard to assessment protocols for antacid-drug interaction are discussed.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Antacids; Biological Availability; Drug Interactions; Humans; Pharmaceutical Preparations
PubMed: 19728559
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1296404 -
Drugs Feb 1979
Topics: Antacids; Chronic Disease; Diarrhea; Dyspepsia; Female; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Lung Diseases; Peptic Ulcer; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 456289
DOI: 10.2165/00003495-197917020-00003 -
AAPS PharmSciTech May 2020A recently published FDA guidance on chewable tablets has addressed the quality attributes of this class of dosage forms. This study evaluated disintegration as a...
A recently published FDA guidance on chewable tablets has addressed the quality attributes of this class of dosage forms. This study evaluated disintegration as a quality attribute for a number of commercially available chewable antacid tablets. Additionally, acid-neutralizing-capacity values were evaluated. A number of the products exhibited prolonged disintegration times-which were far longer than those of conventional immediate-release tablets. The mean disintegration times ranged from 6 to more than 60 min in distilled water and from 9 to over 60 min in 0.1 N HCl. The products with longer disintegration times had higher breaking force and tensile strength values. Despite the range in disintegration times, all products met the criteria for acid-neutralizing capacity. These results indicate a need for patients to be aware of the need to thoroughly chew antacid tablets upon administration. Given these considerations, disintegration testing would be a useful quality control test in evaluating these dosage forms as the implicit assumption by the manufacturer that patients will chew the product sufficiently may not be met in every case.
Topics: Antacids; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Dosage Forms; Kinetics; Solubility; Tablets; Tensile Strength; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration; Water
PubMed: 32419049
DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01696-y