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British Journal of Nursing (Mark Allen... Nov 2016Chronic wounds affect millions of people worldwide. In the UK alone, the cost of their treatment is estimated to be between £4.5bn and £5.1bn. The implementation of... (Review)
Review
Chronic wounds affect millions of people worldwide. In the UK alone, the cost of their treatment is estimated to be between £4.5bn and £5.1bn. The implementation of wound-bed preparation strategies remove the barriers to healing and wound debridement is a key component in preparing the wound bed for wound progression. This article aims to review one of the several debridement methods available to clinicians: autolytic debridement. Autolysis (i.e. autolytic debridement) uses the body's own enzymatic mechanisms to remove devitalised tissue in order to remove the barriers to healing. This review aims to provide clinicians working in wound care with a better understanding of the mechanisms and implications of autolytic debridement.
Topics: Alginates; Autolysis; Bandages, Hydrocolloid; Colloids; Debridement; Humans; Hydrogels; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 27834531
DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2016.25.20.S40 -
BioMed Research International 2021Autolysis is an internal phenomenon following the death of an organism that leads to the degradation of tissues. In order to explore the initial stages of autolysis and...
Autolysis is an internal phenomenon following the death of an organism that leads to the degradation of tissues. In order to explore the initial stages of autolysis and attempt to establish reference standards for tissue changes after death, we studied the rapidly autolyzing tissue of the crayfish hepatopancreas. Samples from the hepatopancreas of crayfish were examined 0, 5, 10, 30, 60, and 120 minutes after death. Histological and ultrapathological examinations and evaluations and apoptotic cell counts were conducted to determine the initiation time and degree of autolysis. The results showed that autolysis in the hepatopancreas of crayfish began within 5 minutes. Initially, autolysis manifested in the swelling of hepatic tubular cells and the widening of mesenchyme. Cells undergoing autolysis showed severe organelle necrolysis. Based on these observations, tissue samples should be collected and preserved within five minutes to avoid interfering with histopathological diagnoses.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Astacoidea; Autolysis; Body Size; Body Weight; Hepatopancreas; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Seafood; Time Factors
PubMed: 33521126
DOI: 10.1155/2021/2345878 -
Cell and Tissue Banking Sep 2021Research in neuroscience relies heavily upon postmortem human brain tissue. Cerebellar granular layer autolysis (GLA) is a surrogate marker for the quality of such...
Research in neuroscience relies heavily upon postmortem human brain tissue. Cerebellar granular layer autolysis (GLA) is a surrogate marker for the quality of such tissue and suitability for molecular analysis. GLA is associated with reduced brain tissue pH. The aim of this study was to assess correlation of GLA with premortem systemic acid-base status. This is a retrospective study in which 62 consecutive adult autopsy cases were included. Sections of cerebellum were reviewed microscopically for presence of GLA. Autolysis was graded as negative, grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3. Medical records were reviewed for arterial blood gas analysis. Postmortem interval was recorded. 23 of 62 cases showed GLA. Of the 23 patients with autolysis, 22 were acidotic and 1 was alkalotic. Of these 23 cases, 15 had metabolic acidosis, 4 had respiratory acidosis, 3 had combined acidosis and 1 had respiratory alkalosis. There was no statistically significant difference in postmortem interval between the two groups. 10 cases with grade 3 autolysis had mean pH of 7.13, 7 cases with grade 2 autolysis had mean pH of 7.23 and in 6 cases with grade 1 autolysis the mean pH was 7.2. Overall, the mean pH in patients with GLA was 7.19, and in the non-autolytic cases the mean pH was 7.28 (P < 0.05). There was no correlation between the degree of acidosis and severity of autolysis. GLA is associated with premortem systemic acidosis, and premortem systemic alkalosis is associated with the absence of GLA. Premortem acid-base status may serve as an additional quality indicator for assessment of tissue for research.
Topics: Adult; Autolysis; Autopsy; Brain; Cerebellum; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 33523332
DOI: 10.1007/s10561-021-09900-4 -
International Journal of Surgical... May 2019
Topics: Artifacts; Autolysis; Cell Nucleus; Cytoplasm; Erythrocytes; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Lung; Stillbirth
PubMed: 29992852
DOI: 10.1177/1066896918787337 -
Journal of Comparative Pathology Aug 2021In order to better differentiate ante-mortem lesions from post-mortem retinal autolysis, the temporal sequence of post-mortem changes was studied in a well-controlled...
In order to better differentiate ante-mortem lesions from post-mortem retinal autolysis, the temporal sequence of post-mortem changes was studied in a well-controlled mouse model. Mice were of the same strain, age and sex, and were held at a constant ambient temperature. Eyes were collected at various times up to 72 h after death and immersion-fixed in either Davidson's fixative or 10% neutral buffered formalin, paraffin-embedded and sections cut and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The most prominent, and early, autolytic change was retinal detachment, and subsequent folding, which occurred immediately after death in formalin-fixed eyes, but not until 2 h post mortem with Davidson's fixative. Retinal separation was complete at 16 h, or almost complete by 2 h, in formalin, but in Davidson's fixative, was only partial and segmental, the latter not becoming total until much later. Retinal detachment was attended by progressively more severe disruption and dissolution of photoreceptors and, particularly in Davidson's-fixed retinas, the rod outer segment often showed marked homogenization from 30 min to 4 h after death. The other major early change was nuclear pyknosis in the inner nuclear layer. Ganglion cells initially had cytoplasmic swelling, followed by shrinkage and basophilia (at 4 h with formalin and 16 h with Davidson's), with nuclear pyknosis becoming increasingly common over time. While the three retinal neuronal layers eventually became more attenuated and depleted of cells, the thickness of these layers was augmented by severe swelling. These findings show that the post-mortem interval at which histological interpretation of retinal changes becomes potentially compromised is dependent on the duration of this interval and the fixative used.
Topics: Animals; Autolysis; Mice; Models, Animal; Postmortem Changes; Retina
PubMed: 34503650
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2021.06.006 -
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese... Apr 2019Yeast autolysis under solid-state fermentation can effectively promote the release of various active substances, thereby improving the quality of yeast products. The...
Yeast autolysis under solid-state fermentation can effectively promote the release of various active substances, thereby improving the quality of yeast products. The optimal process for yeast autolysis under solid-state fermentation was obtained by optimizing the autolysis temperature, autolysis time and the zinc ion concentration. We analyzed the indexes of free amino acid, soluble protein and α-amino nitrogen in the fermentation material, as well as A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio to determine yeast autolysis process conditions in the solid-state fermentation. On the basis of the obtained data, L₉ (3³) orthogonal test was designed to optimize the solid-state fermentation parameters for yeast autolysis: temperature at 40, 50 and 55 °C; time 12, 18 and 24 h; zinc ion concentration 2, 4 and 8 mg/kg. The optimum process conditions for yeast autolysis were: autolysis temperature 55 °C, time 18 h, zinc ion concentration 2 mg/kg, and soluble protein content reached 9.31 mg/g, free amino acid 14.36 mg/g, α-amino nitrogen 10.16 μg/g and A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ 1.73. After optimization of the process, the soluble protein, free amino acid and α-amino nitrogen contents of the yeast autolysis production can be significantly increased, thereby obviously improving the quality of the composite culture.
Topics: Amino Acids; Autolysis; Fermentation; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Nitrogen; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Temperature
PubMed: 31001958
DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.180341 -
Lancet (London, England) Nov 1972
Topics: Autolysis; Cell Biology; Cell Fractionation; Cell Survival
PubMed: 4116940
DOI: No ID Found -
Nature Jan 1951
Topics: Autolysis; Pepsin A
PubMed: 14796759
DOI: 10.1038/167083a0 -
Applied Microbiology Mar 1954
Topics: Autolysis; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Yeast, Dried
PubMed: 13149146
DOI: 10.1128/am.2.2.70-78.1954 -
Biological Chemistry Hoppe-Seyler May 1990