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Allergy Jul 1988The percentages of CD5+ (pan T), CD8+ (mainly T suppressor) and CD4+ (mainly T helper) cells were studied in 80 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), grouped...
The percentages of CD5+ (pan T), CD8+ (mainly T suppressor) and CD4+ (mainly T helper) cells were studied in 80 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), grouped according to medication into four groups: 1) controls, not receiving remission-inducing therapy, 2) patients on oral gold (triethylphosphine gold, auranofin), 3) patients on parenteral gold (sodium aurothiomalate) and 4) patients on azathioprine. The total number of lymphocytes was not influenced by treatment with auranofin or sodium aurothiomalate, while the number of lymphocytes was depressed in the azathioprine-treated group (P less than 0.01). Neither treatment with azathioprine or parenteral gold, nor treatment with azathioprine influenced the CD4+/CD8+ ratio.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Auranofin; Azathioprine; Gold; Gold Sodium Thiomalate; Humans; Middle Aged; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
PubMed: 2970811
DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00435.x -
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Sep 2022
Topics: Azathioprine; Humans; Mercaptopurine
PubMed: 35995737
DOI: 10.1111/apt.17164 -
Revue Medicale Suisse Aug 2022Azathioprine keeps an important place in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and autoimmune hepatitis. This molecule has a narrow therapeutic margin, associated...
Azathioprine keeps an important place in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and autoimmune hepatitis. This molecule has a narrow therapeutic margin, associated with a risk of toxicity, particularly hematological and hepatic. Its complex metabolism is subject to genetic polymorphisms that are reflected in the inter-individual variability observed in the response to treatment and its tolerance profile. Hence, its use requires a good knowledge of this molecule. Treatment is initiated after a preliminary workup, followed by a progressive titration of the dosage while closely monitoring possible toxicities. Monitoring of blood levels of metabolites (including active ones) helps guide personalized dose adjustment.
Topics: Azathioprine; Gastroenterology; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
PubMed: 36047549
DOI: 10.53738/REVMED.2022.18.793.1588 -
Lancet (London, England) Jan 1979In a rat heart transplant model representing a severe mismatch, median survival time (M.S.T.) with no treatment was 6 days. M.S.T. with azathioprine was 6 days, and with... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
In a rat heart transplant model representing a severe mismatch, median survival time (M.S.T.) with no treatment was 6 days. M.S.T. with azathioprine was 6 days, and with azathioprine and methylprednisolone 7 days. Azathioprine with promethazine hydrochloride gave an M.S.T. of 15 days. In rats treated with sodium salicylate alone M.S.T. was 16 days, and when azathioprine was administered for 12 days in a group continuously treated with sodium salicylate, all hearts were beating normally at 50 days.
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Male; Methylprednisolone; Promethazine; Rats; Sodium Salicylate; Time Factors; Transplantation, Homologous
PubMed: 84152
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(79)90520-8 -
Annals of Neurology Jun 1984Twenty-four patients with myasthenia gravis were treated with azathioprine. Eighteen of the patients tolerated the drug. Six discontinued azathioprine therapy because of...
Twenty-four patients with myasthenia gravis were treated with azathioprine. Eighteen of the patients tolerated the drug. Six discontinued azathioprine therapy because of toxicity. Of the 18 patients, 15 (83%) improved while receiving azathioprine; in 8 (44%) improvement was felt to result solely from azathioprine. Initial response was seen after 4 to 10 months of treatment, with a mean of 6.4 months. Patients continued to improve for up to 24 months, with the mean time of peak improvement being 14 months. Relapse occurred within one year in all 6 patients in whom azathioprine administration was discontinued. Azathioprine is a reasonable alternative to corticosteroids in selected myasthenic patients requiring immunosuppression.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myasthenia Gravis; Prednisone; Recurrence
PubMed: 6742794
DOI: 10.1002/ana.410150615 -
Journal of Digestive Diseases Oct 2016To evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose azathioprine (AZA) in treating patients with chronic active ulcerative colitis (UC). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose azathioprine (AZA) in treating patients with chronic active ulcerative colitis (UC).
METHODS
A literature search of Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang Database, CNKI, SinoMed, VIP Chinese Science and the Technology Journals Database was conducted to identify eligible studies that evaluated the efficacy and safety of low-dose azathioprine (AZA) in treating patients with chronic active UC published up to 15 July 2015. Data were extracted from the studies, including clinical efficacy (response rate, adverse drug reaction [ADR] rate, steroid withdrawal rate and relapse rate) and endoscopic improvement (endoscopic remission rate and mucosal healing rate).
RESULTS
Six studies with 211 patients were eligible for the analysis. The overall response rates after 6 and 12 months of treatment were 78.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 71.0-85.0%) and 88.0% (95% CI 80.0-96.0%), respectively. The overall ADR rate was 25.0% (95% CI 18.0-31.0%). Endoscopic response rate was around 85.0%, while the endoscopic remission rates and mucosal healing rates after 6 and 12 months of treatment were above 60.0% and 70.0%, respectively. The steroid withdrawal rate and relapse rate were in moderate to high heterogeneity. Egger's test indicated that there was no publication bias for studies regarding the 6-month response rate and ADR rate.
CONCLUSIONS
Low-dose AZA is effective and safe in the treatment of chronic active UC patients. However, randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes are needed to draw definitive conclusions.
Topics: Azathioprine; Chronic Disease; Colitis, Ulcerative; Colonoscopy; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Publication Bias; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing
PubMed: 27450969
DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12386 -
Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology 1987Natural Killer (NK) cell activity was measured in 80 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) grouped according to medication into 1) controls not in remission-inducing...
Natural Killer (NK) cell activity was measured in 80 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) grouped according to medication into 1) controls not in remission-inducing therapy, 2) patients treated with oral gold (auranofin), 3) parenteral gold (sodium aurothiomalate) and 4) azathioprine. Baseline, interferon (IF)-enhanced and interleukin 2 (Il-2)-enhanced NK cell activity of patients in the two gold groups did not differ from that of controls, while NK cell activity before and after exposure to IF and Il-2 was significantly suppressed in patients on azathioprine (p less than 0.01). The percentage of Large Granular Lymphocytes did not differ in the four groups while the percentage of Leu 11 positive cells and the total number of lymphocytes were significantly lower in the azathioprine group. Sixty out of 80 patients received nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), whereas 20 did not. A comparison of these two groups showed no influence of NSAID on NK cell activity.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Auranofin; Azathioprine; Female; Gold; Gold Sodium Thiomalate; Humans; Killer Cells, Natural; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 3109798
DOI: No ID Found -
Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology =... Sep 1997
Topics: Azathioprine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Patient Education as Topic
PubMed: 9347161
DOI: No ID Found -
Australian Nursing & Midwifery Journal Apr 2016
Review
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Crohn Disease; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Middle Aged; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Risk Factors; Young Adult
PubMed: 27254988
DOI: No ID Found -
Drug Metabolism Reviews 1985
Review
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Biotransformation; DNA; DNA Replication; Humans; Immune System Diseases; Mercaptopurine; Neoplasms; Structure-Activity Relationship
PubMed: 3905317
DOI: 10.3109/03602538508991433