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Journal of Medical Ethics Dec 2001The drawbacks of using the concepts of models in discussing the problems of disabled people are discussed. It is suggested that the terms "impairment", "disability", and... (Review)
Review
The drawbacks of using the concepts of models in discussing the problems of disabled people are discussed. It is suggested that the terms "impairment", "disability", and "handicap" can unify the different models and enhance the position of people with disabilities in society.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Disability Evaluation; Disabled Persons; Humans; Sick Role; Terminology as Topic; World Health Organization
PubMed: 11731599
DOI: 10.1136/jme.27.6.377 -
Nurse EducatorNursing faculty may be reluctant to fail students for a variety of reasons. Faculty may fear being viewed as discriminatory when failing nursing students with...
BACKGROUND
Nursing faculty may be reluctant to fail students for a variety of reasons. Faculty may fear being viewed as discriminatory when failing nursing students with disabilities.
PROBLEM
Schools of nursing may still be using technical standards that are outdated and noncompliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) to determine eligibility for admission and may confuse essential functions with academic expectations. Lack of faculty awareness of the ADA may make faculty reluctant to fail nursing students with disabilities.
APPROACH
All nursing students should be assessed based on whether-not how-they meet academic and clinical standards safely. Disability accommodations should not affect the standards that must be met.
CONCLUSIONS
Faculty should base decisions on whether to assign failing grades to students on factors unrelated to a disability. Technical standards, when written correctly, should clarify whether inability or disability contributed to failure. Policies regarding failing should be clear, equitable, and accessible.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Education, Nursing; Faculty, Nursing; Humans; Students, Nursing; United States
PubMed: 33395184
DOI: 10.1097/NNE.0000000000000965 -
Annals of Epidemiology Jan 2014We reviewed publications about nonfatal injuries among individuals with existing disabilities. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
We reviewed publications about nonfatal injuries among individuals with existing disabilities.
METHODS
We identified original research articles reporting nonfatal injuries among individuals with disabilities by using three approaches: Search the PUBMED and MEDLINE electronic databases; scrutiny of the reference sections of identified publications; search of our own files. Studies that reported odds ratios or rate ratios of injuries for the disability variable and demographic variables of age, gender, race, and school education were included.
RESULTS
A significantly greater risk of injuries was found among individuals with disabilities compared with their peers. Findings were consistent among studies in children, adults, and workers with disabilities. This association did not seem to be explained by physical environmental hazards alone or study bias. We found no original study that developed and evaluated injury prevention programs targeting individuals with disabilities.
CONCLUSIONS
Disability status should be considered as an important covariate in injury epidemiologic research, particularly in injury research among older populations and in children with special care needs. Future research is needed to develop and to evaluate multidisciplinary interventions to prevent injuries among individuals with disabilities.
Topics: Accident Prevention; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Disabled Persons; Epidemiologic Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Risk Factors; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 24268995
DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2013.10.014 -
Rehabilitation Psychology Feb 2020This article describes the initial factor exploration of disability identity and preliminary psychometric characteristics based on an adult self-report tool. Disability...
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE
This article describes the initial factor exploration of disability identity and preliminary psychometric characteristics based on an adult self-report tool. Disability was defined broadly, and the sample included individuals with visible and/or hidden disabilities across many disability groups (i.e., physical, intellectual, learning, mental illness).
METHOD
Items were developed ( = 102) and a pilot measure was administered to a sample of adults with disabilities ( = 566). An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using the mean and variance adjusted weighted least squares (WLSMV) estimator was conducted. The resulting items were sent to expert reviewers for evaluation.
RESULTS
Following the exploratory analyses, 37 items were retained that made up four factors: internal beliefs about own disability and the disability community, anger and frustration with disability experiences, adoption of disability community values, and contribution to the disability community. The pilot measure aligned well with the theoretical framework that guided its development.
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION
This factor exploration is a contribution to a growing body of literature supporting, and investigating, disability identity development. This work presents a more comprehensive understanding of disability identity development. Armed with a better understanding, this will serve as a basis to inform future scale development and validation. After this validation work is completed, there is the potential to apply findings to tailor interventions and clinical work, so that psychologists and rehabilitation professionals may be better prepared to meet the developmental needs of disabled clients. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Attitude to Health; Disabled Persons; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Psychometrics; Self Concept; Self Report; Young Adult
PubMed: 31944783
DOI: 10.1037/rep0000308 -
Rehabilitation Psychology Nov 2022In this commentary, I call for rehabilitation psychologists to support and advocate for trainees and psychologists with disabilities across the profession as an... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE
In this commentary, I call for rehabilitation psychologists to support and advocate for trainees and psychologists with disabilities across the profession as an extension of the foundational principles of the study.
RESEARCH METHOD/DESIGN
I reviewed the literature on psychologists and psychology trainees with disabilities, as well as the foundational principles of rehabilitation psychology.
RESULTS
A growing body of literature documents both the presence of psychologists and psychology trainees with disabilities and the barriers that they often encounter in the field. One of the foundational principles of rehabilitation psychology and the acknowledgment of the insider-outsider perspective of disability, which holds that disabled individuals, by nature of their lived experience, have unique perspectives on disability that enrich our overall understanding of it.
CONCLUSION/IMPLICATIONS
Through their combination of lived experience and professional expertise, disabled psychologists and trainees bring a critical insider-professional perspective to the field, both inside and outside of rehabilitation psychology. It is both important and in line with our foundational principles that rehabilitation psychologists advocate for psychologists and trainees with disabilities in all settings, so that their important insider-professional perspective on disability can continue to advance the field. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Humans; Disabled Persons; Psychology
PubMed: 36355641
DOI: 10.1037/rep0000452 -
Nursing Research 2020Black men experience the highest rate of disability compared to White, Asian, and Hispanic men. Yet, we know little about how Black men with disabilities experience the... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Black men experience the highest rate of disability compared to White, Asian, and Hispanic men. Yet, we know little about how Black men with disabilities experience the embodiment of their gender, race, social class, and disability positionalities and how they draw from their cultural backgrounds as they engage in health-seeking behaviors.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to explore how young Black men experienced the onset of chronic disabling conditions while negotiating health-promoting activities in the context of gender, race, social class, disability positionalities, and culture.
METHODS
This descriptive study used hermeneutic phenomenology to achieve study objectives. This study's research questions were answered using audiotaped, one-on-one qualitative interviews, along with detailed field notes. Each participant was interviewed twice at a mutually decided upon location to ensure their privacy and comfort.
RESULTS
In relation to their embodied interactions of self in the context of disability, these men described their health-related decisions using four themes: maintaining manhood, economic constraints, the "risk" of healthcare, and health promotion.
CONCLUSIONS
By examining the experiences of young adult Black men living with disabilities, knowledge of their perspectives and experiences at earlier stages in their life course contributes to the understanding of their personal challenges, health needs, and their perspectives of health-promoting strategies.
Topics: Adult; Black or African American; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asian People; Attitude to Health; Disabled Persons; Health Behavior; Hispanic or Latino; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Qualitative Research; United States; White People
PubMed: 31834116
DOI: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000396 -
Family & Community Health 2004Persons with disabilities experience barriers to health within a culture. The local culture assigns meanings to those with impairments and their activities. In order to... (Review)
Review
Persons with disabilities experience barriers to health within a culture. The local culture assigns meanings to those with impairments and their activities. In order to understand the experience of disability as influenced by culture, anthropological models of rites of passage and liminality have been used, but these can be extended further. The authors posit that local cultures should be the context for studying disability, and thus extend on previous work by Murphy on the rites of passage for persons with disabilities. This article will: (1) review how disability has been culturally created and defined, (2) provide additional evidence for the argument regarding the existence of disability culture, and (3) extend the work on rites of passage for persons with disabilities. A brief discussion of how this expanded model might guide the understanding of disability and the understanding of barriers to health follows.
Topics: Cultural Characteristics; Disabled Persons; Health Services Accessibility; Humans
PubMed: 14724505
DOI: 10.1097/00003727-200401000-00009 -
Disability and Rehabilitation Jul 1997This paper provides a critical review of contrasting ways of thinking about the nature of disability in society. It highlights the dominance of the medical model of... (Review)
Review
This paper provides a critical review of contrasting ways of thinking about the nature of disability in society. It highlights the dominance of the medical model of disability whereby medical and rehabilitative professionals and practitioners tend to conceive of disability as an individual physiological and/or medical condition requiring the afflicted individual to be given appropriate medical and/or rehabilitative support. As the paper suggests, such perspectives are problematical because they reduce the understanding of disability to the conditions of the individual 'patient' and ignore wider social and environmental influences in engendering a state of disability. Thus, the paper highlights other perspectives on disability and society which suggest that social, attitudinal, and environmental barriers in society are an important component in disabling people with physical and/or mental impairments. In this sense, breaking down disabling social practices against people with disabilities might be as important, if not more so, than seeking to cure physical and/or mental impairments.
Topics: Attitude of Health Personnel; Disabled Persons; Ethics; Humans; Politics; Prejudice; Public Opinion; Public Policy; Social Environment; Stereotyping
PubMed: 9246542
DOI: 10.3109/09638289709166537 -
Disability and Rehabilitation Dec 2001Disability due to work injury, trauma or disease is prevalent in our society. Also, due to slower growth of population and rapid increase in ageing population there may... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Disability due to work injury, trauma or disease is prevalent in our society. Also, due to slower growth of population and rapid increase in ageing population there may be an increasing pressure on shrinking labour pool. The purpose of this study is to review disability profile with common disabilities, socioeconomic impact of these disabilities, make a case for ergonomics as an enabler, and provide a couple of case studies to illustrate the point.
METHOD
Major disability statistical records were reviewed to reveal rates of disability in some countries of the world. Among them the age and gender association of disability has been described. Furthermore the major categories of disabilities associated with systemic disorders and their gradations have been described, e.g. cardiovascular conditions, pulmonary conditions and joint diseases. Finally, using a feed forward mechanism a specific and customized ergonomic intervention was designed for two workers with knee injury.
RESULTS
The prevalence of disability has been reported to range between 0.2% -20.9%. A significant association of disability with ageing was reconfirmed. A significant socio-economic impact of disability including differential employment rate for normal and disabled was discovered. A strategy and a means to achieve increased functionality in people with disability using ergonomic intervention has been described. Using a custom designed shin pad for rehabilitation of two workers with injured knee who were also on compensation were successfully returned to work many weeks before they may have been able to resume their work.
CONCLUSION
Using a functional classification and developing functional profiles of people with disability may allow ergonomists to develop generic as well as specific solutions to successfully intervene in many cases and improve their functional capacity.
Topics: Adult; Aging; Disability Evaluation; Disabled Persons; Ergonomics; Global Health; Humans; Knee Injuries; Male; Middle Aged; Population Dynamics; Socioeconomic Factors; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 11763277
DOI: 10.1080/09638280110065335 -
Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano... 2014Osteoarthritis is a chronic joint disease and a potentially disabling illness, whose prevalence has increased in recent years alongside the aging population. The...
Osteoarthritis is a chronic joint disease and a potentially disabling illness, whose prevalence has increased in recent years alongside the aging population. The disability associated with this condition generates a brutal impact on individuals who are limited in their basic daily living activities. The increase in life expectancy is not correlated with an increase in quality of life, since the years of life increase, but characterized for living with disabilities.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Osteoarthritis
PubMed: 25301115
DOI: No ID Found