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Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation Mar 2014As paid work is the occupation that people spend the most amount of their time doing, it is an important provider of personal meaning in their lives. This meaning has... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
As paid work is the occupation that people spend the most amount of their time doing, it is an important provider of personal meaning in their lives. This meaning has been shown to vary from person to person and to be important to health and well being. When a person is unable to work due to a disabling condition, it is unclear whether this meaning remains or is replaced by other meanings. The purpose of this scoping review was to explore what was known in the existing literature on what work means to those with work disability.
METHODS
The review involved identifying and selecting relevant studies, charting the data and collating and summarizing the results.
RESULTS
Fifty-two studies explored the meaning of work for those with cancer, mental illness, musculoskeletal disorders, brain injuries, paraplegia, and AIDS. The studies revealed that, for most, work continued to be meaningful and important. Common themes across all types of disability included work being a source of identity, feelings of normality, financial support, and socialization. These meanings were found to be both motivating for return to work and health promoting. Conversely, a small number of studies found that the meanings and values ascribed to work changed following disability. New meanings, found either at home or in modified work, replaced the old and contributed to new identities.
CONCLUSIONS
The exploration of the meaning of work has been shown to provide important understanding of the experience of work and disability. This understanding can guide rehabilitation professionals in their interventions with the work disabled.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Employment; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Return to Work; Work; Workplace
PubMed: 23519737
DOI: 10.1007/s10926-013-9436-y -
Developmental Medicine and Child... Jan 2017This review outlines a conceptual approach to inform research and practice aimed at supporting children whose lives are complicated by impairment and/or chronic medical... (Review)
Review
This review outlines a conceptual approach to inform research and practice aimed at supporting children whose lives are complicated by impairment and/or chronic medical conditions, and their families. 'Participation' in meaningful life activities should be an essential intervention goal, to meet the challenges of healthy growth and development, and to provide opportunities to help ensure that young people with impairments reach their full potential across their lifespan. Intervention activities and research can focus on participation as either an independent or dependent variable. The proposed framework and associated hypotheses are applicable to children and young people with a wide variety of conditions, and to their families. In taking a fresh 'non-categorical' perspective to health for children and young people, asking new questions, and exploring issues in innovative ways, we expect to learn lessons and to develop creative solutions that will ultimately benefit children with a wide variety of impairments and challenges, and their families, everywhere.
Topics: Child; Concept Formation; Developmental Disabilities; Disabled Persons; Environment; Health Promotion; Humans; Outcome Assessment, Health Care
PubMed: 27640996
DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.13237 -
Medical Care Apr 2018
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Peer Review; Periodicals as Topic; Persons with Mental Disabilities; Prejudice
PubMed: 29432259
DOI: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000000889 -
Journal of Advanced Nursing Jun 1997Drawing upon the writings of disabled people, this paper explores some of the issues which nurses working with disabled people are trying to address, in particular the... (Review)
Review
Drawing upon the writings of disabled people, this paper explores some of the issues which nurses working with disabled people are trying to address, in particular the barriers model of disability. Traditionally disability has been regarded as a personal tragedy afflicting the individual, hence the response to disability has been via the charity, health and welfare systems. Disabled people over the past two decades have substantially challenged this view of disability and the responses it prompts, arguing that disability is created by social barriers and barriers in the built environment. This requires a different response. Nurses working with disabled people, such as learning disability nurses, have struggled to develop more appropriate responses to disability, for example by developing working alliances with people with learning difficulties in order to both promote health and address disabling barriers. The issues these nurses face and some of the lessons disabled people have taught them are relevant to the nursing profession's wider struggle to shed its medical and dependency image.
Topics: Attitude of Health Personnel; Civil Rights; Disabled Persons; Health Services Needs and Demand; Humans; Learning Disabilities; Models, Nursing; United Kingdom
PubMed: 9181426
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1997.19970251269.x -
AAOHN Journal : Official Journal of the... Mar 2006Disability climate is a key determinant of the successful integration of individuals with disabilities into the work force and a major influence on the level of... (Review)
Review
Disability climate is a key determinant of the successful integration of individuals with disabilities into the work force and a major influence on the level of occupational stress experienced by this population. Industry-specific attitudes regarding disabilities have an effect on disability climate as perceived by workers, as do formal and informal policies, procedures, and practices. Occupational health nurses can impact organizational disability climates through implementation of disability climate programs, thus improving workplace conditions for workers with disabilities and reducing occupational stress.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Attitude to Health; Burnout, Professional; Disabled Persons; Employment; Health Promotion; Humans; Interprofessional Relations; Models, Psychological; Nurse's Role; Occupational Health; Occupational Health Nursing; Organizational Culture; Organizational Innovation; Patient Advocacy; Prejudice; Risk Factors; Social Support; United States; Workplace
PubMed: 16562624
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine Oct 2019Disability is considered a global health problem, with an increasing number of persons with disabilities. Up-to-date and good-quality data on disability are essential to...
OBJECTIVE
Disability is considered a global health problem, with an increasing number of persons with disabilities. Up-to-date and good-quality data on disability are essential to policymakers in order to establish tailored programmes for persons with disabilities based on the specific needs of each category. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of disability in the adult Moroccan population, and its distribution according to socio-demographic characteristics and geographical regions.
METHODS
A national survey was conducted in 2014, including a sample of 47,275 adult participants drawn from 16,044 households from urban and rural areas proportioned to population size. The sample's socio-demographic characteristics were collected in face-to-face interviews. The data were then screened for disability using the Washington Group Short Set of Questions on Disability.
RESULTS
Overall prevalence of disability among the Moroccan adult population was 9.5%, with important geographical disparities. Older age, lower education rates, unemployment, being single, and living in rural areas, were associated with higher prevalence rates of disability. Visual and motor deficiencies were the most common disability modalities, and the prevalence of moderate-to-extreme disability, which is associated with more significant limitations in functioning, was 2.6%.
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION
Results from this national Survey are critical and would guide national disability policies and programmes, in order to reduce disabling barriers and improve persons with disabilities access to healthcare and participation.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Morocco; Prevalence; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 31565751
DOI: 10.2340/16501977-2611 -
Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C.... 2009
Review
Topics: Cost of Illness; Disabled Persons; Health Status; Humans; International Classification of Diseases; Internationality; Public Health Practice; Quality-Adjusted Life Years; Severity of Illness Index; Sickness Impact Profile; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 19320360
DOI: 10.1177/003335490912400206 -
Academic Medicine : Journal of the... Sep 2011According to the 2008 American Community Survey, about 12% of the population of the United States is living with one or more disabling conditions. These conditions...
According to the 2008 American Community Survey, about 12% of the population of the United States is living with one or more disabling conditions. These conditions impact lives in a variety of ways, some with more or less direct impact on an individual's health and access to health care services. Although it has been 20 years since the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act, people with disabilities still experience health disparities and a lack of access to the appropriate care. This commentary is part of a collection of articles that describe various aspects of incorporating content into the medical school curriculum to enhance the preparation of today's medical students to meet the needs of people with disabilities. The authors briefly describe the scope of the problem and define the population of people with disabilities that constitutes the focus of the work described in the other articles in this collection.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Disabled Persons; Education, Medical; Healthcare Disparities; Humans; United States
PubMed: 21865901
DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e318226b359 -
Journal of Pediatric Psychology Apr 2017To compare levels of victimization and perpetration associated with bullying among children and adolescents with and without chronic physical illnesses and/or physical... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Systematic Review: Bullying Involvement of Children With and Without Chronic Physical Illness and/or Physical/Sensory Disability-a Meta-Analytic Comparison With Healthy/Nondisabled Peers.
OBJECTIVE
To compare levels of victimization and perpetration associated with bullying among children and adolescents with and without chronic physical illnesses and/or physical or sensory disabilities.
METHODS
In total, 107 studies were identified using a systematic search in electronic databases and cross-referencing. A random-effects meta-analysis was computed.
RESULTS
Children and adolescents with chronic physical illness or disability were more likely to be victims of bullying in general (odds ratio [OR] = 1.65), particularly physical bullying (OR = 1.47), relational bullying (OR = 1.47), verbal bullying (OR = 1.67), cyberbullying (OR = 1.39), and illness-specific teasing (OR = 5.29). They were also more likely to be bullies in general (OR = 1.28), as well physical (OR = 1.38) and relational bullies (OR = 1.13). The effect sizes varied across different illnesses and disabilities and, in part, by visibility of the disease, school type, and year of assessment.
CONCLUSIONS
Although most between-group differences tend to be small, some form of intervention is needed to reduce bullying among children and adolescents with chronic physical illnesses and/or physical or sensory disabilities, and illness-specific weight- and appearance-related teasing in particular.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Bullying; Child; Chronic Disease; Crime Victims; Disabled Persons; Female; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Peer Group; Sex Factors
PubMed: 27784727
DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsw081 -
South African Medical Journal =... Jul 2012
Topics: Delivery of Health Care; Disabled Persons; Human Rights; Humans; Persons with Mental Disabilities; Sex Education; Sexuality; South Africa
PubMed: 23034206
DOI: 10.7196/samj.6052