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Advances in Clinical Chemistry 2014Mammaglobin A is a protein that belongs to the secretoglobin superfamily. It has highly specific expression in cells from most breast cancers and may be used to detect... (Review)
Review
Mammaglobin A is a protein that belongs to the secretoglobin superfamily. It has highly specific expression in cells from most breast cancers and may be used to detect circulating or disseminated tumor cells. In addition, mammaglobin A is currently under inves tigation as a potential therapeutic target for immune therapies that target breast cancer. The present review will highlight our current understanding of mammaglobin A at the genetic and protein level and its potential clinical applications. Characteristics of breast cancer and methods used to isolate and detect circulating tumor cells will also be presented.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mammaglobin A; Neoplasm Micrometastasis; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
PubMed: 24938021
DOI: No ID Found -
OncoTargets and Therapy 2018Mammaglobin A expression in peripheral blood (PB) of breast carcinoma patients has been evaluated by various studies, but the findings have been inconsistent. This... (Review)
Review
Mammaglobin A expression in peripheral blood (PB) of breast carcinoma patients has been evaluated by various studies, but the findings have been inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify the prognostic value of mammaglobin A in the PB of breast carcinoma patients and define its relationships with clinicopathological features. PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for eligible studies through September 26, 2017. A total of 20 studies involving 2,323 patients were analyzed, and the data were independently extracted by two researchers. The combined hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CI was used to assess the association between survival data and plasma mammaglobin A expression, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were used to assess the associations between clinicopathological parameters and plasma mammaglobin A expression. The results indicated that plasma mammaglobin A expression was a predictor of poor prognosis for breast carcinoma patients, with an HR of 2.08 (95% CI=1.48-2.91; <0.0001) for overall survival. Moreover, plasma mammaglobin A was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (OR=2.00; 95% CI=1.17-3.45; =0.01) and advanced tumor stage (OR=3.01; 95% CI=1.57-5.77; =0.0009) in breast carcinoma patients. However, the results revealed that plasma mammaglobin A was not significantly associated with tumor size (OR=1.29; 95% CI=0.46-3.66; =0.63), tumor differentiation (OR=0.99; 95% CI=0.63-1.57; =0.97), menopausal status (OR=0.75; 95% CI=0.48-1.18; =0.22), estrogen receptor status (OR=0.78; 95% CI=0.44-1.36; =0.38), progesterone receptor status (OR=0.76; 95% CI=0.57-1.02; =0.07), or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status (OR=1.12; 95% CI=0.78-1.59; =0.54). In conclusion, the results demonstrate that positive plasma mammaglobin A expression might serve as a biomarker of poor prognosis for breast carcinoma patients.
PubMed: 29881297
DOI: 10.2147/OTT.S156556 -
Clinical Biochemistry Apr 2004Mammaglobin, known for its mammary tissue specificity, has been discussed as a promising diagnostic marker in breast cancer for almost 10 years. In particular, the... (Review)
Review
Mammaglobin, known for its mammary tissue specificity, has been discussed as a promising diagnostic marker in breast cancer for almost 10 years. In particular, the application of mammaglobin RT-PCR to detect disseminated breast cancer cells has been reported. More than 25 publications evaluate the detection of mammaglobin mRNA in lymph node, blood, and bone marrow specimens of breast cancer patients. Recently, structural details about the mammaglobin complex have been discovered, and these findings can be implemented to optimize detection of the secreted protein. This review summarizes the findings of almost 50 published studies and the current knowledge about the diagnostic utility of mammaglobin.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Bone Marrow; Breast Neoplasms; Humans; Leukapheresis; Lymphatic Metastasis; Mammaglobin A; Molecular Sequence Data; Neoplasm Proteins; Uteroglobin
PubMed: 15003725
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2003.11.005 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2023Human mammaglobin-A (SCGB2A2) is a secretory protein with an unknown function that is used as a diagnostic marker for breast cancer. However, other tumors can also...
Human mammaglobin-A (SCGB2A2) is a secretory protein with an unknown function that is used as a diagnostic marker for breast cancer. However, other tumors can also express mammaglobin-A. To comprehensively study patterns of mammaglobin-A expression, a tissue microarray containing 16,328 samples from 128 different tumor types as well as 608 samples of 76 different normal tissue types was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Mammaglobin-A positivity was found in only a few normal tissues, including luminal cells of the breast as well as endocervical and endometrial glands. In tumor tissues, 37 of 128 tumor categories showed mamma-globin-A staining, 32 of which were derived from one of four organs: breast (6 tumor categories), endometrium (5 tumor categories), ovary (5 tumor categories), and salivary glands (16 tumor categories). Only five additional tumor types showed occasional weak mammaglobin positivity, including medullary thyroid cancer, teratoma of the testis, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin and pharynx, and prostatic adenocarcinoma. Among 1139 evaluable invasive breast carcinomas of no special type, low mammaglobin-A immunostaining was linked to high BRE grade ( = 0.0011), loss of estrogen and progesterone receptor expression ( < 0.0001 each), and triple-negative status ( < 0.0001) but not to patient survival. In endometrial cancer, mammaglobin-A loss was linked to an advanced tumor stage ( = 0.0198). Our data characterize mammaglobin-A as a highly specific marker for tumors derived from either the breast, female genitals, or salivary gland.
PubMed: 36980510
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061202 -
Oncoimmunology Feb 2016We recently completed a phase 1 clinical trial demonstrating the safety of a mammaglobin-A DNA vaccine in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We are currently...
We recently completed a phase 1 clinical trial demonstrating the safety of a mammaglobin-A DNA vaccine in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We are currently enrolling patients with early stage breast cancer in a phase 1b clinical trial. The mammaglobin-A DNA vaccine will be administered concurrently with neoadjuvant endocrine therapy, providing a unique opportunity to examine the impact of vaccination in the tumor microenvironment.
PubMed: 27057470
DOI: 10.1080/2162402X.2015.1069940 -
Biomarkers in Medicine Apr 2011Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women in the USA and the second most common cause of death in females who develop cancer. Recently, the detection of... (Review)
Review
Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women in the USA and the second most common cause of death in females who develop cancer. Recently, the detection of circulating tumor cells has emerged as a promising tool for monitoring the progression of clinically occult micrometastases in breast cancer patients. Sensitive molecular techniques, primarily based upon the reverse-transcriptase PCR, using various molecules as markers, have been developed to detect circulating tumor cells. Among those molecules, human mammaglobin mRNA has been found to be the most specific marker for the hematogenous spread of breast cancer cells. In this article, we review the current knowledge regarding the use of reverse-transcriptase PCR for detecting human mammaglobin mRNA as a biomarker for circulating tumor cells in breast cancer patients, and evaluate the clinical implications of human mammaglobin since it was first isolated in 1996.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mammaglobin A; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Uteroglobin
PubMed: 21473729
DOI: 10.2217/bmm.11.20 -
Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical... 2019This study determines the co-expression of mammaglobin-A, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR3) and Ki67 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tissue samples...
BACKGROUND/METHODS
This study determines the co-expression of mammaglobin-A, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR3) and Ki67 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tissue samples from 80 patients undergoing breast surgery (cancer or benign disease). The tissue expression was compared with the tumour histopathology and Kaplan Meier 5-year survival analysis was performed.
RESULTS
Positive breast tissue expression was observed in 53% samples for mammaglobin, 41% Ki67 and 65% VEGFR3 with a significant positive correlation between Ki67 and VEGFR3 co-expression. Ki67 and VEGFR3 expression correlated with the breast tumour grade and Ki67 expression also correlated with oestrogen receptor (ER) status. At 5 years post-operatively, 6/80 patients had died and 3 patients were alive but had cancer recurrence. High Ki67 expression significantly correlated with poor survival (disease-free and overall).
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, VEGFR3 and Ki67 expression but not mammaglobin-A correlated with breast tumour pathology. Positive Ki67 expression was also associated with a poor 5-year survival outcome.
PubMed: 31263371
DOI: 10.1177/1178223419858957 -
Immunotherapy 2015
Topics: Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mammaglobin A; Vaccines, DNA
PubMed: 26250406
DOI: 10.2217/imt.15.40 -
Cancer Research Feb 2011Pathologic axillary lymph node (ALN) status is an important prognostic factor for staging breast cancer. Currently, status is determined by histopathology following...
Pathologic axillary lymph node (ALN) status is an important prognostic factor for staging breast cancer. Currently, status is determined by histopathology following surgical excision of sentinel lymph node(s), which is an invasive, time consuming, and costly procedure with potential morbidity to the patient. Here, we describe an imaging platform for noninvasive assessment of ALN status, eliminating the need for surgical examination of patients to rule out nodal involvement. A targeted imaging probe (MamAb-680) was developed by conjugation of a mammaglobin-A-specific monoclonal antibody to a near-infrared fluorescent dye. Using DNA and tissue microarray, mammaglobin-A was validated as a cell-surface target that is expressed in ALN-positive patient samples but is not expressed in normal lymph nodes. In vivo selectivity was determined by i.v. injection of MamAb-680 into mice with mammaglobin-A-positive and -negative mammary fat pad (MFP) tumors; and by peritumoral MFP injection of the targeted imaging probe in mice with spontaneous ALN metastases. Fluorescence imaging showed that probe was only retained in positive tumors and metastases. As few as 1,000 cells that endogenously express mammaglobin-A were detected in ALN, indicating high sensitivity of this method. Translation of this approach offers considerable potential as a noninvasive clinical strategy to stage breast cancer.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Specificity; Breast Neoplasms; Diagnostic Imaging; Female; Fluorescent Dyes; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Mammaglobin A; Mice; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Proteins; RNA, Messenger; Transplantation, Heterologous; Uteroglobin
PubMed: 21169406
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-3091