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OncoTargets and Therapy 2018Mammaglobin A expression in peripheral blood (PB) of breast carcinoma patients has been evaluated by various studies, but the findings have been inconsistent. This... (Review)
Review
Mammaglobin A expression in peripheral blood (PB) of breast carcinoma patients has been evaluated by various studies, but the findings have been inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify the prognostic value of mammaglobin A in the PB of breast carcinoma patients and define its relationships with clinicopathological features. PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for eligible studies through September 26, 2017. A total of 20 studies involving 2,323 patients were analyzed, and the data were independently extracted by two researchers. The combined hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CI was used to assess the association between survival data and plasma mammaglobin A expression, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were used to assess the associations between clinicopathological parameters and plasma mammaglobin A expression. The results indicated that plasma mammaglobin A expression was a predictor of poor prognosis for breast carcinoma patients, with an HR of 2.08 (95% CI=1.48-2.91; <0.0001) for overall survival. Moreover, plasma mammaglobin A was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (OR=2.00; 95% CI=1.17-3.45; =0.01) and advanced tumor stage (OR=3.01; 95% CI=1.57-5.77; =0.0009) in breast carcinoma patients. However, the results revealed that plasma mammaglobin A was not significantly associated with tumor size (OR=1.29; 95% CI=0.46-3.66; =0.63), tumor differentiation (OR=0.99; 95% CI=0.63-1.57; =0.97), menopausal status (OR=0.75; 95% CI=0.48-1.18; =0.22), estrogen receptor status (OR=0.78; 95% CI=0.44-1.36; =0.38), progesterone receptor status (OR=0.76; 95% CI=0.57-1.02; =0.07), or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status (OR=1.12; 95% CI=0.78-1.59; =0.54). In conclusion, the results demonstrate that positive plasma mammaglobin A expression might serve as a biomarker of poor prognosis for breast carcinoma patients.
PubMed: 29881297
DOI: 10.2147/OTT.S156556 -
Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical... 2019This study determines the co-expression of mammaglobin-A, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR3) and Ki67 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tissue samples...
BACKGROUND/METHODS
This study determines the co-expression of mammaglobin-A, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR3) and Ki67 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tissue samples from 80 patients undergoing breast surgery (cancer or benign disease). The tissue expression was compared with the tumour histopathology and Kaplan Meier 5-year survival analysis was performed.
RESULTS
Positive breast tissue expression was observed in 53% samples for mammaglobin, 41% Ki67 and 65% VEGFR3 with a significant positive correlation between Ki67 and VEGFR3 co-expression. Ki67 and VEGFR3 expression correlated with the breast tumour grade and Ki67 expression also correlated with oestrogen receptor (ER) status. At 5 years post-operatively, 6/80 patients had died and 3 patients were alive but had cancer recurrence. High Ki67 expression significantly correlated with poor survival (disease-free and overall).
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, VEGFR3 and Ki67 expression but not mammaglobin-A correlated with breast tumour pathology. Positive Ki67 expression was also associated with a poor 5-year survival outcome.
PubMed: 31263371
DOI: 10.1177/1178223419858957 -
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 2014DNA vaccination has emerged as an attractive immunotherapeutic approach against cancer due to its simplicity, stability, and safety. Results from numerous clinical... (Review)
Review
DNA vaccination has emerged as an attractive immunotherapeutic approach against cancer due to its simplicity, stability, and safety. Results from numerous clinical trials have demonstrated that DNA vaccines are well tolerated by patients and do not trigger major adverse effects. DNA vaccines are also very cost effective and can be administered repeatedly for long-term protection. Despite all the practical advantages, DNA vaccines face challenges in inducing potent antigen specific cellular immune responses as a result of immune tolerance against endogenous self-antigens in tumors. Strategies to enhance immunogenicity of DNA vaccines against self-antigens have been investigated including encoding of xenogeneic versions of antigens, fusion of antigens to molecules that activate T cells or trigger associative recognition, priming with DNA vectors followed by boosting with viral vector, and utilization of immunomodulatory molecules. This review will focus on discussing strategies that circumvent immune tolerance and provide updates on findings from recent clinical trials.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Neoplasm; Cancer Vaccines; Dendritic Cells; Humans; Immunotherapy; Mice; Neoplasms; Tumor Escape; Vaccination; Vaccines, DNA
PubMed: 25625927
DOI: 10.4161/21645515.2014.980686 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2017Mammaglobin B (MGB2) and mammaglobin A (MGB1) are proteins expressed in metastatic breast cancers. The early detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in breast cancer...
Mammaglobin B (MGB2) and mammaglobin A (MGB1) are proteins expressed in metastatic breast cancers. The early detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in breast cancer patients is crucial to decrease mortality rate. Herein, novel aptamers were successfully selected and characterized against MGB2 and MGB1 proteins using a hybrid SELEX approach. The potential use of the selected aptamers in breast CTC detection was studied using spiked breast cancer cells in whole blood lysate. The results obtained from this study showed that the selected aptamers (MAMB1 and MAMA2) bind to their target breast cancer cell lines with high affinity (low nanomolar K values) and specificity. They also bind to their free recombinant target proteins and show minimal non-specific binding to normal and other cancer cell lines. Additionally, they were able to distinguish a low number of breast cancer cells spiked in whole blood lysate containing normal blood cells. The results obtained in this study indicate the great potential for the use of aptamers to detect MGB1 and MGB2 protein biomarkers, expressed on the surface of breast CTCs.
Topics: Aptamers, Nucleotide; Biomarkers, Tumor; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line; Computational Biology; Flow Cytometry; Hematologic Tests; Humans; Mammaglobin A; Mammaglobin B; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; SELEX Aptamer Technique; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 29101327
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13751-z -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2023The continuous evolution of cancer biology has led to the discovery of mammaglobin, a potential novel biomarker for breast carcinoma. This review aims to unravel the... (Review)
Review
The continuous evolution of cancer biology has led to the discovery of mammaglobin, a potential novel biomarker for breast carcinoma. This review aims to unravel the enigmatic aspects of mammaglobin and elucidate its potential role in redefining the paradigm of breast carcinoma biomarkers. We will thoroughly examine its expression in tumoral and peritumoral tissues and its circulating levels in the blood, thereby providing insights into its possible function in cancer progression and metastasis. Furthermore, the potential application of mammaglobin as a non-invasive diagnostic tool and a target for personalized treatment strategies will be discussed. Given the increasing incidence of breast carcinoma worldwide, the exploration of novel biomarkers such as mammaglobin is crucial in advancing our diagnostic capabilities and treatment modalities, ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Biomarkers; Biology
PubMed: 37686210
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713407 -
Immunotherapy 2015
Topics: Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mammaglobin A; Vaccines, DNA
PubMed: 26250406
DOI: 10.2217/imt.15.40 -
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy May 2020Although targeted therapy has been extensively investigated for breast cancers, a molecular target with broad application is currently unavailable due to the high...
Although targeted therapy has been extensively investigated for breast cancers, a molecular target with broad application is currently unavailable due to the high heterogeneity of these cancers. Mammaglobin-A (Mam-A), which is overexpressed in most breast carcinomas, has been proposed as a promising target. However, the lack of specific targeting moieties due to uncertain binding epitopes hampers further translational study. Here, seven potential epitopes of Mam-A were disclosed, and a unique epitope was then identified in most types of breast cancers, despite the genotypic heterogeneity. With phage display technology, the epitope was determined to be N-terminal amino acids 42-51 of Mam-A (N). Then, the N epitope-specific monoclonal antibody, mAb785, was conjugated to poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded with therapeutic agents, thereby enhancing the drug uptake and therapeutic efficacy in different genotypes of breast cancers. The computer simulation of the N epitope and the mAb785 structures, as well as their interactions, further revealed the specific targeting mechanism of the mAb785-conjugated nanoparticles to breast cancers.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Breast Neoplasms; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Line, Tumor; Epitopes; Female; Humans; Mammaglobin A; Nanoparticles; Neoplasm Proteins; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
PubMed: 32467564
DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0183-1 -
Oncoimmunology Feb 2016We recently completed a phase 1 clinical trial demonstrating the safety of a mammaglobin-A DNA vaccine in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We are currently...
We recently completed a phase 1 clinical trial demonstrating the safety of a mammaglobin-A DNA vaccine in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We are currently enrolling patients with early stage breast cancer in a phase 1b clinical trial. The mammaglobin-A DNA vaccine will be administered concurrently with neoadjuvant endocrine therapy, providing a unique opportunity to examine the impact of vaccination in the tumor microenvironment.
PubMed: 27057470
DOI: 10.1080/2162402X.2015.1069940 -
The Indian Journal of Medical Research May 2014Human mammaglobin is a member of the uteroglobin proteins family that has recently been tested as a specific marker for breast cancer. While low levels may be seen in... (Review)
Review
Human mammaglobin is a member of the uteroglobin proteins family that has recently been tested as a specific marker for breast cancer. While low levels may be seen in normal breast tissue, expression is increased dramatically in breast cancer and is correlated with higher grade. Detection in blood and body fluids is also correlated with cancer metastasis, and its levels with prognosis. This promises to be a useful screen for early detection of breast cancer, especially in high risk individuals. Mammoglobin has also been used for immunotherapeutic targeting of breast cancer cells. However, there are some controversies regarding its diagnostic efficacy and prognostic value, which warrant further study.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Mammaglobin A; Prognosis; RNA, Messenger; Uteroglobin
PubMed: 25027076
DOI: No ID Found