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Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : the... 2012Mast cell tumors (MCT) are the most common cutaneous tumors in dogs. Our purpose was to describe the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of cutaneous MCT and...
Mast cell tumors (MCT) are the most common cutaneous tumors in dogs. Our purpose was to describe the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of cutaneous MCT and to identify imaging characteristics that allow differentiation of metastatic from normal lymph nodes. Eight dogs with a total of nineMCT were imaged as were their presumed draining and associated contralateral lymph nodes. The signal intensity of tumors and lymph nodes was compared to adjacent musculature. On T2-W images, 7/9 MCT were hyperintense to muscle and 2/9 were isointense. On T1-W images, 8/9 MCT were isointense and 1/9 were mildly hypointense. All tumors were strongly contrast enhancing; 5/9 were homogeneous and 4/9 heterogeneous in their enhancement patterns. Six lymph node pairs were included in the evaluation (five sentinel lymph nodes with metastases, one without, and six contralateral lymph nodes). Metastatic lymph nodes were significantly larger than their contralateral lymph nodes (P = 0.039). All lymph nodes were isointense on T1-W images and hyperintense on T2-W images. 5/5 metastatic and 2/7 normal lymph nodes were heterogeneously T2-hyperintense. All lymph nodes were moderately to strongly contrast enhancing. 4/5 metastatic and 2/7 normal lymph nodes had heterogeneous enhancement patterns. While heterogeneity was more common in metastatic than in normal lymph nodes, this difference was not significant (P = 0.058 for T2-W images; P = 0.234 for postcontrast images). MR imaging may be useful in the presurgical evaluation and clinical staging of cutaneous MCT.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Lymphatic Metastasis; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 22136427
DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2011.01897.x -
Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : the... 2011Cytologic sampling of the ultrasonographically normal spleen and liver is not implemented routinely in the clinical staging of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors and...
Cytologic sampling of the ultrasonographically normal spleen and liver is not implemented routinely in the clinical staging of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors and normal ultrasound findings are often accepted as sufficient evidence for ruling out splenic or liver metastasis. Our objective was to define the specificity and sensitivity of ultrasound findings for diagnosis of mast cell infiltration when verified with cytologic evaluation, and to define the prognostic role of cytologic evaluation of liver and splenic aspirates. Dogs with a diagnosis of clinically aggressive grade II, or grade III mast cell tumor treated with a combination vinblastine/CCNU chemotherapy protocol, were selected retrospectively based on availability of cytologic evaluation of spleen plus or minus liver for staging. Out of 19 dogs, 10 dogs had a grade II tumor and nine a grade III tumor. Seven dogs had mast cell infiltration of the spleen, liver, or both. The sensitivity of ultrasound for detecting mast cell infiltration was 43% for the spleen and 0% for the liver. Dogs with positive cytologic evidence of mast cell infiltration to spleen, liver, or both had significantly shorter survival (100 vs. 291 days) than dogs without evidence of mast cell infiltration (P<0.0001). Routine splenic aspiration should be performed regardless of ultrasonographic appearance in dogs with a clinically aggressive mast cell tumor.
Topics: Animals; Cytodiagnosis; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Prognosis; Skin Neoplasms; Spleen; Splenic Neoplasms; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 21689203
DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2011.01839.x -
The Veterinary Quarterly Jan 1998Seventeen dogs with mast cell tumours received chemotherapy. Fifteen dogs were treated with a vincristine, cyclophosphamide, hydroxyurea, and prednisolone (VCHP)... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Seventeen dogs with mast cell tumours received chemotherapy. Fifteen dogs were treated with a vincristine, cyclophosphamide, hydroxyurea, and prednisolone (VCHP) regimen. Seven of these were later switched to doxyrubicin and prednisolone either because they stopped responding or because they did not respond from the start of the treatment. Two dogs received the latter regimen as the primary therapy. All dogs were treated with cimitidine and metoclopramide to minimize the effect of paraneoplastic syndrome associated with histamine release. Ten of the 17 dogs were found to respond (4/17 complete response (CR), 6/17 partial response (PR)). Response duration varied from 39 to 910 days (median 53 days), including 3 dogs with a CR that lasted more than 2 years. Survival time in responders varied from 41 to 910 days (median 97 days) and from 30 to 126 (median 39) in the other 7 dogs. Dogs that became refractory to VCHP did not respond to doxyrubicin and prednisolone. It is concluded that multi-agent chemotherapy has anti-tumour activity in a considerable proportion of dogs with mast cell tumours, but its efficacy is variable. The multivariate analyses showed that significant factors predicting survival in dogs with mast cell tumours were sex (P = 0.009), absence or presence of non-abdominal distant metastases, or abdominal metastases, respectively (P = 0.023), and malignancy grade of the tumours (P = 0.053).
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Cyclophosphamide; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Doxorubicin; Female; Hydroxyurea; Male; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Neoplasm Metastasis; Prednisolone; Skin Neoplasms; Survival Analysis; Vincristine
PubMed: 9477533
DOI: 10.1080/01652176.1998.9694832 -
Veterinary and Comparative Oncology Jun 2018Mast cell tumours (MCTs) are common tumours of the canine skin, and are estimated to represent up to 20% of all skin tumours in dogs. Tumour grade has a major impact on... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Mast cell tumours (MCTs) are common tumours of the canine skin, and are estimated to represent up to 20% of all skin tumours in dogs. Tumour grade has a major impact on the incidence of local recurrence and metastatic potential. In addition to helping the clinician with surgical planning, knowledge of the tumour grade also assists in proper prognostication and client education. For pre-treatment biopsies to be useful, there must exist a high level of correlation between the histopathological grade obtained from the pre-treatment biopsy and the actual histopathological grade from the excisional biopsy. The aim of this study was to determine concordance of tumour grade between various biopsy techniques (wedge, punch, needle core) and the "gold standard" excisional biopsy method. We found an overall concordance rate of 96% based on the Patnaik grading system, and an overall concordance rate of 92% based on the Kiupel grading system. The accuracy of the various biopsy techniques (wedge, punch and needle core) when compared with excisional biopsy was 92%, 100% and 100%, respectively, based on the Patnaik grading system, and 90%, 95% and 100%, respectively, based on the Kiupel grading system. Of the cases with discordant results, the pre-treatment biopsies tended to underestimate the grade of the tumour. Based on these results, we conclude that pre-treatment biopsies are sufficiently accurate for differentiating low-grade from high-grade MCTs, regardless of biopsy technique or tumour location.
Topics: Animals; Australia; Biopsy; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Logistic Models; Mast Cells; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Neoplasm Staging; Reproducibility of Results; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 28857446
DOI: 10.1111/vco.12346 -
Journal of the American Animal Hospital... 2002A 6-year-old, spayed female rottweiler was referred for left forelimb lameness followed by tetraparesis. A mast cell tumor compressing the spinal cord at the level of...
A 6-year-old, spayed female rottweiler was referred for left forelimb lameness followed by tetraparesis. A mast cell tumor compressing the spinal cord at the level of the sixth cervical to first thoracic (C6-T1) vertebrae was diagnosed based on cervical myelography and necropsy findings. This was considered a primary extracutaneous mast cell tumor, as no evidence of disease was found elsewhere. This is the first report of a primary mast cell tumor in this location.
Topics: Animals; Breeding; Cervical Vertebrae; Diagnosis, Differential; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Lameness, Animal; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Radiography; Spinal Cord Neoplasms; Thoracic Vertebrae
PubMed: 11804318
DOI: 10.5326/0380067 -
The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La... Jun 2017Two dogs were presented, each with a large solitary pulmonary mass, and cytology confirmed mast cell tumor (MCT) in each dog. One dog was euthanized following diagnosis....
Two dogs were presented, each with a large solitary pulmonary mass, and cytology confirmed mast cell tumor (MCT) in each dog. One dog was euthanized following diagnosis. Thoracic computed tomography scan and exploratory thoracotomy of the second dog revealed a right pulmonary mass that would require a radical lung resection. The patient was euthanized and histopathology confirmed a poorly granulated MCT with characteristics suggestive of epitheliotropism, an uncommon finding with MCT. These represent the first reported cases of presumptive primary pulmonary MCT in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Fatal Outcome; Lung Neoplasms; Mast-Cell Sarcoma
PubMed: 28588331
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Comparative Pathology Nov 2000Two cases of canine extracutaneous mast-cell tumours were encountered, originating from the mucosa of either the oral cavity or the small intestine. The dogs had no...
Two cases of canine extracutaneous mast-cell tumours were encountered, originating from the mucosa of either the oral cavity or the small intestine. The dogs had no neoplasms in the skin. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies demonstrated that the neoplastic cells had the features of connective tissue mast cells. It would seem, therefore, that at least some extracutaneous forms of the neoplasm originate from connective tissue mast cells. Heparin was a useful cytological marker to diagnose this type of mast-cell tumour.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers, Tumor; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Heparin; Ileal Neoplasms; Male; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Mouth Neoplasms
PubMed: 11042002
DOI: 10.1053/jcpa.2000.0420 -
The Journal of Veterinary Medical... Sep 2000An 11-year-old male Shetland sheepdog displayed epistaxis and nasal discharge from the left nasal foramen. Cytological examination of a smear sample obtained by...
An 11-year-old male Shetland sheepdog displayed epistaxis and nasal discharge from the left nasal foramen. Cytological examination of a smear sample obtained by rhinotomy revealed neoplastic mast cells in the nasal cavity, a definitive diagnostic sign of mast cell tumor. The case was treated by surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Eighteen days after the last treatment, marked enlargement of the mandibular lymph nodes and facial edema developed, and the dog was euthanized at the owner's request. At necropsy, metastatic proliferation of mast cells was confirmed in the lymph nodes and liver, but no neoplastic mast cells were observed in the nasal cavity.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Combined Modality Therapy; Cyclophosphamide; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Male; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Nasal Cavity; Nose Neoplasms; Prednisolone; Vincristine
PubMed: 11039600
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.62.1009 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Jan 2012
Review
Topics: Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Hematologic Neoplasms; Lymphoma; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Molecular Biology; Mutation; Stem Cell Factor
PubMed: 22285160
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2011.11.001 -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... Jul 1995During 1991 and 1992, 802 case submissions diagnosed as canine mast cell tumors were submitted to the Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Eighteen of these... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
During 1991 and 1992, 802 case submissions diagnosed as canine mast cell tumors were submitted to the Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Eighteen of these submissions were from dogs of the Shar-Pei breed. Of these 18 cases, 5 occurred in Shar-Peis less than 2 years of age, 4 of these were poorly differentiated, and 4 out of 5 occurred in the inguinal or preputial area. Three mast cell tumors (grade I) occurred in Boxer/Boxer cross dogs, and 2 tumors (grade II) occurred in Cocker Spaniels younger than 2 years of age. Of the 23,315 histopathology submissions, only 164 were from Shar-Peis and 57 of these dogs were under 2 years of age.
Topics: Animals; Crosses, Genetic; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Incidence; Male; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Orchiectomy; Ovariectomy; Species Specificity
PubMed: 7578452
DOI: 10.1177/104063879500700311