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The Journal of Laryngology and Otology Mar 1987The diagnostic criteria of malignant external otitis (MEO) have been reviewed. They were divided into two categories: obligatory and occasional. The obligatory criteria... (Review)
Review
The diagnostic criteria of malignant external otitis (MEO) have been reviewed. They were divided into two categories: obligatory and occasional. The obligatory criteria are: pain, edema, exudate, granulations, microabscess (when operated), positive bone scan or failure of local treatment often more than 1 week, and possibly pseudomonas in culture. The occasional criteria are diabetes, cranial nerve involvement, positive radiograph, debilitating condition and old age. All of the obligatory criteria must be present in order to establish the diagnosis. The presence of occasional criteria alone does not establish it. The importance of Tc99 scan in detecting osteomyelitis is stressed. When bone scan is not available, a trial of 1-3 weeks of local treatment is suggested. Failure to respond to such treatment may assist in making the diagnosis of MEO.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Ear, External; Humans; Osteomyelitis; Otitis Externa; Prognosis; Pseudomonas Infections; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Radionuclide Imaging; Technetium
PubMed: 3106547
DOI: 10.1017/s0022215100101562 -
Journal of Translational Medicine Apr 2023A causal link between microbiota composition (dysbiosis) and oncogenesis has been demonstrated for several types of cancer. Neutrophils play a role in both immune...
BACKGROUND
A causal link between microbiota composition (dysbiosis) and oncogenesis has been demonstrated for several types of cancer. Neutrophils play a role in both immune protection against bacterial threats and carcinogenesis. This study aimed to characterise intratumoral bacteria in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) and their putative effect on neutrophil recruitment and cancer progression.
METHODS
Clinical material was obtained from 89 patients with VSCC. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to detect bacterial species in VSCC. To verify neutrophil activation, CD66b expression in tumour specimens was analysed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Subsequently, IHC was applied to detect the main neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs), cathepsin G (CTSG), neutrophil elastase (ELANE), and proteinase 3 (PRTN3) in VSCC.
RESULTS
Fusobacterium nucleatum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified as tumour-promoting bacteria, and their presence was found to be associated with a shorter time to progression in VSCC patients. Furthermore, high abundance of CD66b, the neutrophil activation marker, in VSCC samples, was found to relate to poor survival of patients with VSCC. The selected NSPs were shown to be expressed in vulvar tumours, also within microabscess. The increased numbers of microabscesess were correlated with poor survival in VSCC patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results show that neutrophilic inflammation seem to be permissive for tumour-promoting bacteria growth in VSCC. The findings provide new therapeutic opportunities, such as based on shifting the balance of neutrophil populations to those with antitumorigenic activity and on targeting NSPs produced by activated neutrophils at the inflammation sites.
Topics: Female; Humans; Vulvar Neoplasms; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Inflammation; Epithelial Cells; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37118737
DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04113-7 -
Journal of Gastroenterology and... 1992Hepatolithiasis or intrahepatic stone is associated with a variety of complications of which biliary sepsis is one. Left untreated, infection results in formation of... (Review)
Review
Hepatolithiasis or intrahepatic stone is associated with a variety of complications of which biliary sepsis is one. Left untreated, infection results in formation of micro-abscesses, portal thrombophlebitis and fistulation into adjacent structures. With repeated infection, biliary strictures and severe destruction of liver parenchyma occur. Biliary cirrhosis, portal hypertension and bleeding varices are the terminal manifestations. Early recognition and proper treatment are essential for the prevention of severe complications and functional deterioration.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adenoma, Bile Duct; Bile Duct Neoplasms; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; Cholangitis; Cholelithiasis; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic; Humans; Pancreatitis
PubMed: 1319224
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00989.x -
The Australian and New Zealand Journal... Jul 1989The clinical and histological features of six cases of granulomatous lobular mastitis are presented. All six patients were parous. 1-6 years after their last pregnancy... (Review)
Review
The clinical and histological features of six cases of granulomatous lobular mastitis are presented. All six patients were parous. 1-6 years after their last pregnancy with a mean age of 34 years; all had unilateral disease and presented with an extra-areolar breast lump. Histologically, all demonstrated a non-caseating granulomatous inflammatory condition centered on breast lobules; in four women there was an acute inflammatory process with micro-abscess formation. Five of the six cases had persistent or recurrent disease despite wide local excision: surgery might not be the best treatment for recurrent disease.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Mastitis; Middle Aged; Recurrence
PubMed: 2665711
DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01629.x -
American Journal of Clinical Pathology Sep 1976A 69-year-old farmer with acute lymphocytic lymphoma developed multiple ulcerated hemorrhagic cutaneous lesions. Alternaria alternata was cultured from the lesions and...
A 69-year-old farmer with acute lymphocytic lymphoma developed multiple ulcerated hemorrhagic cutaneous lesions. Alternaria alternata was cultured from the lesions and hyphae were seen in biopsies of the lesions. The potential role of Alternaria as a human pathogen is discussed.
Topics: Abscess; Acute Disease; Aged; Alternaria; Humans; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Mitosporic Fungi; Mycoses; Skin Diseases, Infectious
PubMed: 989259
DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/66.3.565 -
American Journal of Clinical Pathology Oct 2008Mycobacterial infections of the skin classically cause a granulomatous tissue reaction. We have observed a suppurative pattern of inflammation associated with infections...
Suppurative inflammation with microabscess and pseudocyst formation is a characteristic histologic manifestation of cutaneous infections with rapid-growing Mycobacterium species.
Mycobacterial infections of the skin classically cause a granulomatous tissue reaction. We have observed a suppurative pattern of inflammation associated with infections by rapid-growing Mycobacterium species in immunocompromised patients. We report 6 cases in skin and soft tissue with an unusual but consistent lack of a predominance of granulomatous inflammation. Of the 6 cases, 4 had predominantly (approximately 75%) suppurative inflammation, 1 case predominantly demonstrated (approximately 75%) a mix of acute and chronic inflammation, and 1 case showed an approximately equal contribution of suppurative and granulomatous inflammation. All 6 cases showed abscess formation and numerous acid-fast bacilli (AFB) on AFB stain and were confirmed by tissue culture. Of these 6 cases, 2 had microabscesses with central pseudocysts harboring microorganisms. Five patients were taking oral prednisone, and 1 had an uncharacterized immunodeficiency. These cases highlight the need for awareness of this unusual manifestation of infection with rapid-growing Mycobacterium species, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Topics: Abscess; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Inflammation; Male; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium Infections; Prednisone; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Suppuration
PubMed: 18794042
DOI: 10.1309/DPCLAWWQNTB74JNB -
Open Forum Infectious Diseases Jun 2021bacteriuria (SABU) can occur in patients with bacteremia (SAB). However, little is known on the (molecular) pathomechanisms of the renal passage of . This review... (Review)
Review
bacteriuria (SABU) can occur in patients with bacteremia (SAB). However, little is known on the (molecular) pathomechanisms of the renal passage of . This review discusses the epidemiology and pathogenesis of SABU in patients with SAB and identifies knowledge gaps. The literature search was restricted to the English language. The prevalence of SABU in patients with SAB is 7.8%-39% depending on the study design. The main risk factor for SABU is urinary tract catheterization. SABU in SAB patients is associated with increased mortality. Given present evidence, hematogenous seeding-as seen in animal models-and the development of micro-abscesses best describe the translocation of from blood to urine. Virulence factors that might be involved are adhesion factors, sortase A, and coagulase, among others. Other potential routes of bacterial translocation (eg, transcytosis, paracytosis, translocation via "Trojan horses") were identified as knowledge gaps.
PubMed: 34189162
DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab158 -
The American Journal of Dermatopathology Apr 2003Lucien-Marie Pautrier, recognized during his life as a world-renowned dermatologist and venereologist, also wrote prolifically, established and headed a leading...
Lucien-Marie Pautrier, recognized during his life as a world-renowned dermatologist and venereologist, also wrote prolifically, established and headed a leading department at the medical school of Strasbourg, built an imposing structure to house the department, traveled widely in both Europe and the United States and founded the Société des Amis de la Musique at Strasbourg. He did all this while and between the two tragic World Wars that engulfed his beloved France. In the United States, his name is eponymically associated with Pautrier's microabscesses in mycosis fungoides despite the fact that he did not first describe them.
Topics: Dermatology; Eponyms; France; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Mycosis Fungoides; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 12652199
DOI: 10.1097/00000372-200304000-00011 -
Archives of Oral Biology 1990Pulpal inflammation was induced by cutting a class V cavity to within 0.1-0.3 mm of the pulp on the mesial aspect of maxillary and mandibular first molars at the...
Pulpal inflammation was induced by cutting a class V cavity to within 0.1-0.3 mm of the pulp on the mesial aspect of maxillary and mandibular first molars at the cervical line. The exposed dentine was briefly acid-etched and left open to the mouth until the animals were killed. Histological examination of teeth 4 days after injury showed microabscesses, blood vessel dilation and increased numbers of terminal nerve sprouts around the lesion and in radicular pulp and dentine. Specimens at 7, 11, 21 and 35 days after injury showed progressive healing of the lesions with the formation of reparative dentine and a coincident return to a normal patterns of innervation in the remaining pulp. Thus pulpal nerves are not static structures, but rather are capable of rapid change in response to inflammation. The morphological association of CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibres with the edges of the healing lesions and with zones of reparative dentine suggests a role for these fibres and for the neuropeptide CGRP in the healing response of pulpal tissue.
Topics: Abscess; Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Connective Tissue; Dental Pulp; Dentin, Secondary; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Molar; Nerve Fibers; Nerve Regeneration; Pulpitis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Wound Healing
PubMed: 2256817
DOI: 10.1016/0003-9969(90)90029-a -
Clinical Neuroradiology Sep 2014Fungal infections of the central nervous system (CNS) represent a wide spectrum of diseases with some common magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. Risk factors... (Review)
Review
Fungal infections of the central nervous system (CNS) represent a wide spectrum of diseases with some common magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. Risk factors include immunocompromise of any cause and living in endemic areas. CNS infection occurs through hematogenous spread, cerebrospinal fluid seeding, or direct extension. MRI features include heterogeneous or ring reduced diffusion and weak ring enhancement. Angioinvasive aspergillosis is characterized by multifocal hemorrhagic lesions with reduced diffusion. Cryptococcosis results in gelatinous pseudocyst formation in the basal ganglia. Mucormycosis is characterized by frontal lobe lesions with markedly reduced diffusion. Candidiasis is usually manifest by numerous microabscesses of less than 3 mm occurring at the corticomedullary junction, basal ganglia, or cerebellum. Coccidioidomycosis often results in meningitis with contrast enhancement of the basal cisterns. Blastomycosis and histoplasmosis are rare infections with parenchymal abscesses or meningitis. Recognizing the imaging features of CNS infections allows for early, aggressive treatment of these otherwise rapidly fatal infections.
Topics: Brain; Diagnosis, Differential; Encephalitis; Humans; Image Enhancement; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mycoses
PubMed: 24870817
DOI: 10.1007/s00062-014-0305-7