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Journal of Clinical Microbiology Nov 1982Microsporum equinum was isolated in Ontario, Canada, from five human and two equine cases of ringworm infection. This dermatophyte was previously recovered from North...
Microsporum equinum was isolated in Ontario, Canada, from five human and two equine cases of ringworm infection. This dermatophyte was previously recovered from North American horses on several occasions, but was considered to be M. canis. We regard M. equinum as distinct from M. canis. It can be differentiated from M. canis by the smaller size of its macroconidia, its failure to perforate hair in vitro, its poor growth and sporulation on bromocresol purple casein dextrose agar, and its incompatibility with Nannizzia otae, the telemorph of M. canis.
Topics: Animals; Culture Media; Horses; Humans; Microsporum; North America
PubMed: 7153343
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.16.5.943-947.1982 -
Veterinary Microbiology Jan 2001Chitin synthase 1 (Chs1) genes from Microsporum equinum and Trichophyton equinum were compared with those of the other dermatophytes. The Chs1 nucleotide sequences of...
Chitin synthase 1 (Chs1) genes from Microsporum equinum and Trichophyton equinum were compared with those of the other dermatophytes. The Chs1 nucleotide sequences of these dermatophytes from horses showed more than 80% similarity to those of Arthroderma benhamiae, A. fulvum, A. grubyi, A. gypseum, A. incruvatum, A. otae, A. simii, A. vanbreuseghemii, Epidermophyton floccosum, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale (T. interdigitale), T. rubrum and T. violaceum. Especially high degree of nucleotide sequence similarity of more than 99% was noted between the Chs1 gene fragments of M. equinum and A. otae, and those of T. equinum, T. interdigitale and A. vanbreuseghemii, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis of their sequences revealed that M. equinum was genetically very close to A. otae and T. equinum to A. vanbreuseghemii. A molecular analysis of Chs1 genes will provide useful information for the genetic relatedness of M. equinum and T. equinum and confirm the value of DNA sequencing in identification of these two dermatophytes.
Topics: Animals; Chitin Synthase; Cloning, Molecular; Dermatomycoses; Horse Diseases; Horses; Microsporum; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Trichophyton
PubMed: 11118744
DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(00)00243-1 -
Mycoses Jan 2010Eighteen fungi isolated from soil by hair bating method were tested against soil inhabiting Microsporum equinum, Microsporum fulvum, Microsporum gypseum and Microsporum...
Eighteen fungi isolated from soil by hair bating method were tested against soil inhabiting Microsporum equinum, Microsporum fulvum, Microsporum gypseum and Microsporum racemosum for their antagonistic interactions. Colony inhibition during dual cultures showed inhibition of all the four Microsporum species. The maximum inhibition of M. equinum, M. fulvum, M. gypseum and M. racemosum was caused by Chrysosporium keratinophilum, Chrysosporium tropicum, Curvularia lunata and Chrysosporium lucknowense in dual cultures. On the other hand, M. fulvum showed maximum inhibition of Macrophomina phaseolina (70.1%) while M. equinum, M. gypseum and M. racemosum showed maximum inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporoides. Staling products of C. lucknowense accelerated growth of all Microsporum species, C. keratinophilum 3 and Chrysosporium evolceaunui and M. phaseolina accelerated growth of two species of Microsporum. Staling product of Alternaria alternata was most inhibitory. Culture filtrates of Trichophyton vanbreseughemii accelerated the growth of all the four Microsporum species and C. tropicum, C. lucknowense accelerated growth of two species, while Botryotrichum piluliferum accelerated growth of three species of Microsporum. Volatiles showed inhibition of all the Microsporum species ranging from 0.33 to 57.2% except in case of M. fulvum. Lysis of Microsporum mycelium was the most common feature.
Topics: Antibiosis; Coculture Techniques; Colony Count, Microbial; Fungi; Growth Inhibitors; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Microsporum; Soil; Soil Microbiology
PubMed: 19207833
DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2008.01656.x -
Journal of Medical and Veterinary... Aug 1987Sixteen isolates of Microsporum equinum from cases of equine dermatophytosis in Finland, Sweden or Norway were studied mycologically. All the isolates produced typical...
Sixteen isolates of Microsporum equinum from cases of equine dermatophytosis in Finland, Sweden or Norway were studied mycologically. All the isolates produced typical macroconidia and were negative in the hair perforation test in vitro and were urease-positive. The growth pattern of M. equinum on polished rice greatly resembled that of M. audouinii during the first 2-3 weeks of incubation. All the isolates were incompatible with Nannizzia otae, the teleomorph of M. canis, but fresh M. equinum isolates showed growth stimulation against the (-) tester strain of N. otae. No cleistothecia or pseudocleistothecia were seen.
Topics: Animals; Culture Media; Dermatomycoses; Finland; Horse Diseases; Horses; Microsporum; Norway; Sweden
PubMed: 3668760
DOI: No ID Found -
The British Journal of Dermatology Feb 1972
Topics: Animals; Dermatomycoses; Female; Horses; Humans; Hypophysectomy; Microsporum; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Scalp Dermatoses; Zoonoses
PubMed: 5062864
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb16083.x -
Veterinary Dermatology Oct 2021Luliconazole (LCZ) is an imidazole antifungal medication that exhibits excellent activity against dermatophytes. As a topical cream and lotion (approved for human use),...
BACKGROUND
Luliconazole (LCZ) is an imidazole antifungal medication that exhibits excellent activity against dermatophytes. As a topical cream and lotion (approved for human use), LCZ has demonstrated a broad spectrum of activity against human dermatophytoses.
OBJECTIVES
This is the first study to investigate the in vitro susceptibility of clinical isolates from horse dermatophytoses to LCZ.
ANIMALS
No animals were used in this study.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
In the present study, the in vitro susceptibilities of clinical isolates of dermatophytes to LCZ, clotrimazole (CTZ), miconazole (MCZ) and terbinafine (TRF) were investigated using the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute M38-A2 test.
RESULTS
The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for all 16 clinical isolates of Trichophyton equinum, Microsporum equinum/canis and M. gypseum for LCZ were <0.03 mg/L. The MICs of all isolates were <0.03-0.5 mg/L for CTZ, 0.03-16 mg/L for MCZ and <0.03-1 mg/L for TRF.
CONCLUSIONS
LCZ demonstrated a broad spectrum of activity against clinical isolates from horse dermatophytoses. We consider that LCZ will become the primary antifungal agent for treating horse dermatophytosis.
Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Horses; Japan; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microsporum; Trichophyton
PubMed: 34189781
DOI: 10.1111/vde.12993 -
Zentralblatt Fur Veterinarmedizin.... Dec 1975
Topics: Animals; Dermatomycoses; Female; Horse Diseases; Horses; Male; Microsporum
PubMed: 1217277
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Oct 2007Species of dermatophytes are classified into three anamorphic (asexual) genera, Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton. Conventional methods used to identify...
Species of dermatophytes are classified into three anamorphic (asexual) genera, Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton. Conventional methods used to identify dermatophytes are often lengthy and may be inconclusive because of atypical microscopic or colony morphology. Based on the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) and ITS-2 sequences of the rRNA genes, an oligonucleotide array was developed to identify 17 dermatophyte species. The method consisted of PCR amplification of the ITS regions using universal primers, followed by hybridization of the digoxigenin-labeled PCR products to an array of oligonucleotides (17- to 30-mers) immobilized on a nylon membrane. Of 198 dermatophyte strains and 90 nontarget strains tested, the sensitivity and specificity of the array were 99.5% and 97.8%, respectively. The only strain not identified (Microsporum audouinii LMA 597) was found to have a nucleotide insertion at the ITS-2 region where the probe was designed. Two nontarget strains, Microsporum equinum LMA 40396666 and Trichophyton gourvilii var. intermedium CBS 170.65, were misidentified as Microsporum canis and Trichophyton soudanense, respectively. Sequence analysis of the ITS regions revealed that the two misidentified strains displayed high sequence homology with the probes designed for M. canis and T. soudanense, respectively. The present method can be used as a reliable alternative to conventional identification methods and can be completed with isolated colonies within 24 h.
Topics: Arthrodermataceae; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; Humans; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Oligonucleotide Probes; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 17687010
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00829-07 -
Advanced Biomedical Research 2020Dermatomycoses contain superficial fungal infections of keratinized layers of the body such as skin, hair, and nail that affect more than 20%-25% of people and animals...
BACKGROUND
Dermatomycoses contain superficial fungal infections of keratinized layers of the body such as skin, hair, and nail that affect more than 20%-25% of people and animals worldwide. Some fungi can cause superficial infections in animals after accidental penetration and colonization on injured skin and can be transmitted to humans by exposure. The infection caused mainly by dermatophyte species and may also be caused rarely by yeasts and nondermatophytic molds.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eighty-two skin scrapings and hair samples were collected from animals (sheep, cow, cat, camel, calf, goat, horse, and dog) in three specialized pet clinics and three livestock and slaughterhouses. The isolates were identified using direct microscopy, culture, and polymerase chain reaction-sequencing of ITS1-5.8SrDNA-ITS2 region.
RESULTS
Thirteen mold strains out of 82 clinical samples (15.8%) were isolated from animal lesions. ( = 4; 30.7%), ( = 2; 15.4%), ( = 2; 15.4%), ( = 1; 7.7%), ( = 1; 7.7%), ( = 1; 7.7%), ( = 1; 7.7%), and ( = 1; 7.7%) were isolated from clinical specimens.
CONCLUSION
Since opportunistic fungi are increasing as etiological agents of dermatomycoses, isolation of these molds from wounds can be a warning to veterinarians, and daily cleaning of wounds with a proper disinfectant is recommended for the prevention of fungal colonization.
PubMed: 32055538
DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_230_19 -
Veterinary Microbiology Mar 2011Fungi of the genus Geotrichum are commonly found in the environment and, in some circumstances, they may cause diseases in humans and animals. Although these fungi have...
Fungi of the genus Geotrichum are commonly found in the environment and, in some circumstances, they may cause diseases in humans and animals. Although these fungi have been isolated from skin lesions of some animal species, their pathogenic role in horses remains uncertain. With the aim to investigate the role of Geotrichum candidum as etiological agent of dermatomycoses, a retrospective study of 64 horses presenting skin lesions and suspected to have fungal infections was carried out. For each animal, anamnestic data were recorded and fungal culture were performed using hair. Out of 64 cases, 18 (28.1%) were positive for G. candidum and only two (3.1%) for dermatophytes (i.e., one for Microsporum equinum and the other for Microsporum canis). Alopecia, desquamation, and pruritus localized mainly on head and neck were frequently observed in G. candidum infected animals. Most of G. candidum infections were recorded during spring (44.4%). Out of the 18 animals presenting G. candidum infections, eight were treated using a disinfectant with antifungal properties. After one month of treatment, the clinical lesions were healed and fungal cultures resulted negative. The high prevalence of G. candidum in skin lesions of horses and the clinical recover following antifungal treatment indicated that these yeast-like fungi might play a role as etiological agents of horse cutaneous mycoses.
Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Dermatomycoses; Female; Geotrichum; Horse Diseases; Horses; Male; Retrospective Studies; Skin
PubMed: 20970928
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.09.025