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Cancer Chemotherapy and Biological... 1992
Review
Topics: Animals; Biotransformation; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mitomycin; Mitomycins; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)
PubMed: 1389922
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Chemotherapy and Biological... 1991
Review
Topics: Animals; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Mitomycin; Neoplasms
PubMed: 1931457
DOI: No ID Found -
Seminars in Oncology Dec 1985Mitomycin-C, an antitumor antibiotic discovered in 1958, acts as a bifunctional alkylating agent. Initial clinical trials utilized a daily schedule of administration,... (Review)
Review
Mitomycin-C, an antitumor antibiotic discovered in 1958, acts as a bifunctional alkylating agent. Initial clinical trials utilized a daily schedule of administration, which led to severe and protracted myelosuppression and inadequate evaluation of the antitumor spectrum of mitomycin-C. In the early 1970s, the intermittent high-dosage schedule of administration was developed: 20 mg/m2 of mitomycin-C intravenously, every 6 to 8 weeks. An overall response rate of 35% was reported by several investigators. Subsequently, other administration schedules were attempted without improvement in therapeutic index. More recently, mitomycin-C was used in combinations with other drugs. Combinations of mitomycin-C and one of the vinca alkaloids have produced response rates of approximately 30% to 40% in patients with extensive previous treatment. In patients not previously exposed to doxorubicin, combinations of mitomycin-C and doxorubicin have offered response rates of approximately 50%. Acute toxicities of mitomycin-C are tolerable and consist of mild nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Chronic toxicities include cumulative myelosuppression--especially thrombocytopenia--pulmonary toxicity, renal toxicity, and occasionally cardiac toxicity. Mitomycin-C is an effective antitumor agent in breast cancer and should be carefully incorporated in the therapeutic strategy of this disease.
Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mitomycin; Mitomycins
PubMed: 3936183
DOI: No ID Found -
European Journal of Pediatric Surgery :... Apr 2012Esophageal strictures refractory to conservative treatment represent a major problem in children. The application of Mitomycin C to the site of stricture has been... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Esophageal strictures refractory to conservative treatment represent a major problem in children. The application of Mitomycin C to the site of stricture has been introduced, but the experience with this novel approach remains very limited.
METHODS
Systematic review of publications on the topical application of Mitomycin C in children with persistent esophageal stricture.
RESULTS
We identified 11 publications including 31 cases. The underlying cause of stricture was caustic ingestion in 19 (61.2%), esophageal surgery in 7 (22.6%), and others in 5 children (16.2%). The median age of the patients was 48 months (range 4 to 276 months). In the majority of cases cotton pledgets soaked in solution of Mitomycin C were applied endoscopically. Various other techniques such as drug-eluting stents were used. Mitomycin C was applied from 1 to 12 times within intervals from 1 to 12 weeks. The concentrations of Mitomycin C varied considerably between 0.1 and 1 mg/mL. After a mean follow-up time of 22 (6 to 60) months complete relief of symptoms was reported for 21 children (67.7%), and 6 (19.4%) had a partial relief. In four children (12.9%) Mitomycin C treatment failed. No direct or indirect adverse effects were reported.
CONCLUSION
The short-term results of topical Mitomycin C application for refractory esophageal stricture reported in the literature are very encouraging. Prospective studies are mandatory to determine the optimal time points, dosage, and modalities of treatment before a recommendation can be given.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug-Eluting Stents; Endoscopy; Esophageal Stenosis; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Mitomycin; Recurrence; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 22517516
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1311695 -
Anti-cancer Drugs Oct 1990The mitomycins are antitumor antibiotics that are under investigation now for more than 30 years. Mitomycin C (MMC) is the best investigated subtype. It serves as a... (Review)
Review
The mitomycins are antitumor antibiotics that are under investigation now for more than 30 years. Mitomycin C (MMC) is the best investigated subtype. It serves as a prototype for drugs with bioreductive alkylation, which is a unique feature of this class. MMC is mainly active under anaerobic circumstances. The pharmacokinetics are linear in a two-compartment model. The main toxicities of MMC are thrombocytopenia and leucocytopenia. Rare but severe side effects are a hemolytic uremic syndrome, pneumonitis and cardiac failure. MMC has a wide clinical antitumor spectrum with efficacy in various tumor types such as gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer and bladder cancer. Still, the above mentioned side effects prevent a more widespread use. The most important features of the drug will be reviewed.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Mitomycin; Neoplasms
PubMed: 2131038
DOI: No ID Found -
Chemistry & Biology Sep 1995Mitomycin C, an important antitumor drug and antibiotic, has an extraordinary ability to crosslink DNA with high efficiency and absolute specificity for the sequence... (Review)
Review
Mitomycin C, an important antitumor drug and antibiotic, has an extraordinary ability to crosslink DNA with high efficiency and absolute specificity for the sequence CpG. Recent results have shown how mitomycin C crosslinks DNA, and why the sequence specificity is so complete. This new understanding may allow the design of agents that mimic mitomycin C's economy of structure and can crosslink other sequences.
Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Cross-Linking Reagents; DNA; Mitomycin
PubMed: 9383461
DOI: 10.1016/1074-5521(95)90120-5 -
Oncology Apr 1993Investigators have compiled extensive experience with mitomycin in the treatment of patients with breast cancer. Given as a single agent in intermittent schedules,... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Review
Investigators have compiled extensive experience with mitomycin in the treatment of patients with breast cancer. Given as a single agent in intermittent schedules, mitomycin has induced responses of 26-38% in previously untreated patients and of 15-25% in those exposed to multiple prior chemotherapy regimens. Duration of response has been short. Toxicity, primarily myelosuppression, is largely dose-dependent. The dose-dependent efficacy of mitomycin has not yet been addressed. Preclinical studies suggest that optimal single-agent results are obtained when mitomycin is given in intermittent, high-dose schedules. Combination chemotherapy with mitomycin has proven more effective than single-agent therapy. Mitomycin given in combination with doxorubicin produces higher response rates than have been obtained with mitomycin alone. The 3M combination (mitomycin/mitoxantrone/methotrexate) appears effective and well tolerated at the doses described. Future research should focus on the development of polychemotherapeutic regimens that can be delivered in sequential or alternating schedules. Such regimens may yield quicker responses, and thus improve survival, in patients with breast cancer.
Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Melphalan; Methotrexate; Mitomycin; Mitomycins
PubMed: 8483556
DOI: No ID Found -
Oncology Apr 1993Adenocarcinoma of the stomach remains a significant cause of mortality worldwide. The majority of patients present with stage III or IV disease, negating surgery as a... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Review
Adenocarcinoma of the stomach remains a significant cause of mortality worldwide. The majority of patients present with stage III or IV disease, negating surgery as a curative option. Numerous drugs have been tested over the past 2 decades in single-agent and combination chemotherapy trials. Given by intravenous bolus, mitomycin has induced responses as high as 63% and as low as 24% in patients with various gastrointestinal malignancies. Mitomycin has also demonstrated efficacy when given in combination with doxorubicin and in the three-drug regimen FAM (5-fluorouracil/doxorubicin/mitomycin). FAM has been explored in multiple phase II and III trials and has become the standard with which many new combinations are compared. Compared with other doxorubicin-containing regimens, it has demonstrated the longest median survival (29.5 weeks) and the lowest incidence of severe toxicity. The addition of semustine or leucovorin to FAM has yielded responses comparable with those attained by FAM alone. In Japan, where treatment of gastric cancer has been more successful, possibly due to earlier diagnosis and more aggressive surgical approaches, mitomycin has been given intraperitoneally during surgery and postoperatively in combination with fluorinated pyrimidines or other agents. Mitomycin will undoubtedly play a role in the development of new approaches to the treatment of gastric cancer.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Doxorubicin; Fluorouracil; Humans; Mitomycin; Mitomycins; Stomach Neoplasms
PubMed: 8483560
DOI: 10.1159/000227249 -
Cancer Chemotherapy and Biological... 1990
Review
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Base Sequence; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Humans; Mitomycin; Mitomycins; Molecular Sequence Data; Molecular Structure
PubMed: 2121210
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Chemotherapy and Biological... 1988