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Cureus Apr 2024Mongolian spots are bluish-grey, irregular, hyperpigmented macules present at birth or that appear in the first few weeks of life. They are classified as atypical if...
Mongolian spots are bluish-grey, irregular, hyperpigmented macules present at birth or that appear in the first few weeks of life. They are classified as atypical if they occur in unusual locations without spontaneous disappearance after infancy; or if new lesions continue to appear beyond early infancy. Although they are generally considered benign, recent studies have shown that atypical Mongolian spots may be associated with inborn errors of metabolism, such as lysosomal storage disorders and neurocristopathies. An 11-month-old male presented with multiple aberrant Mongolian spots on the abdomen, back, buttocks, arms, and legs, with the largest patch measuring 10x10 cm. Additionally, the child exhibited coarse facial features, a high-arched palate, low-set ears, and a depressed nasal bridge. Systemic examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly, fundus examination showed a hazy cornea, and the urine glycosaminoglycan test was positive, prompting us to conduct further research prioritising lysosomal storage disorders. The mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) spot test was positive, and electrophoresis for MPS revealed bands for chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate, confirming the diagnosis of MPS. Enzyme assay revealed no alpha-iduronidase activity and normal beta-galactosidase activity, thus confirming Hurler's disease. This case report highlights the importance of considering atypical Mongolian spots as a potential indicator of underlying storage disorders, enabling early intervention.
PubMed: 38765368
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58501 -
Anales de Pediatria (Barcelona, Spain :... Feb 2013
Topics: Humans; Infant; Mongolian Spot; Neurocutaneous Syndromes; Port-Wine Stain; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 22595636
DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2012.02.005 -
The Australasian Journal of Dermatology Aug 2020
Topics: Female; Gangliosidosis, GM1; Humans; Infant; Mongolian Spot; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 32173853
DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13272 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Sep 2020Blue naevus is a rare lesion on genital mucosa and may cause confusion in differential diagnosis with other pigmented lesions. In this case report, a 39-year-old man...
Blue naevus is a rare lesion on genital mucosa and may cause confusion in differential diagnosis with other pigmented lesions. In this case report, a 39-year-old man presented with a sudden onset in adulthood of blue naevus on the glans penis. A biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. Due to the unusual presentation, the onset and the risk of turning invasive, a careful examination was performed in order to minimise any risk of misclassification with melanoma. Afterwards, the patient was followed in a dermatologic department every six months. To our knowledge, only few similar cases have been described in literature.
Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Melanoma; Mongolian Spot; Nevus, Blue; Penis; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 33000740
DOI: No ID Found -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2002Five hundred unselected newborn babies delivered in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Unit II of SGBT Hospital attached to Government Medical College,...
Five hundred unselected newborn babies delivered in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Unit II of SGBT Hospital attached to Government Medical College, Amritsar during April 2000 to October 2000 were examined for cutaneous lesions daily for the first five days after birth. Different cutaneous lesions were seen in 474(94.8%) newborns. The physiological skin changes observed in order of frequency were Epstein pearls in 305(61%), Mongolian spot in 301(60.2%), superficial cutaneous desquamation in 200(40%), icterus in 128(25.6%), milia in 119(23.8%), sebaceous gland hyperplasia in 107(21.4%), occipital alopecia in 94(18.8%), lanugo in 72(14.4%), peripheral cyanosis in 47(9.4%), breast hypertrophy in 29(5.8%) and miniature puberty in 28(5.6%) newborns. Of the transient non-infective skin diseases, erythema toxicum neonatorum was observed most commonly in 105(21%), followed by miliaria rubra in 103(20.6%) and acne neonatorum in 27(5.4%) newborns. The naevi and other developmental defects in the descending order were salmon patch in 69(13.8%), congenital melanocytic noevi in 10(2%), accessory tragi in 3(0.6%), spina bifida in 2(0.4%), hydrocephalus in 1(0.2%) and poliosis in 1(0.2%) newborns. Cradle cap was the only dermatitis observed in 50(10%) newborns. One (0.2%) case each of Harlequin ichthyosis and labial cyst was seen.
PubMed: 17656992
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Sep 1979The dermal melanocytes in the lesions of nevus of Ito and Mongolian spot were shown to possess the extracellular sheath composed of both fine filaments and granules (2-5...
The dermal melanocytes in the lesions of nevus of Ito and Mongolian spot were shown to possess the extracellular sheath composed of both fine filaments and granules (2-5 nm in diameter). In the case of nevus of Ito, the granular component appeared to predominate in the shealth, which measured up to 3 micrometers in width and was estimated to cover about 97% of the total surface of dermal melanocytes. No ultrastructural changes were appreciable on the melanocyte shealth in nevus of Ito according to the difference in the age of patients (39 and 64 years), or in the lasting period of the dermal melanocytosis. By contrast, the melanocyte sheath in the case of Mongolian spot was much less developed than in nevus of Ito, predominantly filamentous in texture, and showed a marked decline with advance of the age of infants (from 2 mo to 6 yr). Many of the dermal melanocytes in Mongolian spot showed a partial disruption of their cytolemma, resulting in discharges of melanosomes free into the connective tissue matrix. Significance of these findings was discussed in relation to the differtial fate of melanocytes within the human dermis.
Topics: Adult; Cell Membrane; Child; Child, Preschool; Cytoplasmic Granules; Cytoskeleton; Humans; Infant; Melanocytes; Middle Aged; Nevus, Pigmented; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 572849
DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12514270 -
International Journal of Dermatology Jan 2005Four Chinese females aged 21-35 years with Mongolian spots are reported. Two patients had the spots on their arms while the other two had the spots on their shoulders....
Four Chinese females aged 21-35 years with Mongolian spots are reported. Two patients had the spots on their arms while the other two had the spots on their shoulders. The persistence of Mongolian spots in Chinese adults has not been previously reported.
Topics: Adult; China; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Mongolian Spot; Shoulder; Skin Neoplasms; Upper Extremity
PubMed: 15663659
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.02011.x -
Infectious Diseases of Poverty Aug 2017The nest flea index of Meriones unguiculatus is a critical indicator for the prevention and control of plague, which can be used not only to detect the spatial and...
BACKGROUND
The nest flea index of Meriones unguiculatus is a critical indicator for the prevention and control of plague, which can be used not only to detect the spatial and temporal distributions of Meriones unguiculatus, but also to reveal its cluster rule. This research detected the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the plague natural foci of Mongolian gerbils by body flea index from 2005 to 2014, in order to predict plague outbreaks.
METHODS
Global spatial autocorrelation was used to describe the entire spatial distribution pattern of the body flea index in the natural plague foci of typical Chinese Mongolian gerbils. Cluster and outlier analysis and hot spot analysis were also used to detect the intensity of clusters based on geographic information system methods. The quantity of M. unguiculatus nest fleas in the sentinel surveillance sites from 2005 to 2014 and host density data of the study area from 2005 to 2010 used in this study were provided by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
RESULTS
The epidemic focus regions of the Mongolian gerbils remain the same as the hot spot regions relating to the body flea index. High clustering areas possess a similar pattern as the distribution pattern of the body flea index indicating that the transmission risk of plague is relatively high. In terms of time series, the area of the epidemic focus gradually increased from 2005 to 2007, declined rapidly in 2008 and 2009, and then decreased slowly and began trending towards stability from 2009 to 2014. For the spatial change, the epidemic focus regions began moving northward from the southwest epidemic focus of the Mongolian gerbils from 2005 to 2007, and then moved from north to south in 2007 and 2008.
CONCLUSIONS
The body flea index of Chinese gerbil foci reveals significant spatial and temporal aggregation characteristics through the employing of spatial autocorrelation. The diversity of temporary and spatial distribution is mainly affected by seasonal variation, the human activity and natural factors.
Topics: Animals; China; Flea Infestations; Geographic Information Systems; Gerbillinae; Plague; Prevalence; Rodent Diseases; Seasons; Sentinel Surveillance; Spatial Analysis
PubMed: 28780908
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-017-0338-7 -
Archives of Dermatology Apr 1992Dermal melanocytosis is characterized by the presence of melanocytes in the dermis. There are several morphologic forms, such as the blue nevus, the mongolian spot, the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Dermal melanocytosis is characterized by the presence of melanocytes in the dermis. There are several morphologic forms, such as the blue nevus, the mongolian spot, the nevus of Ota, and the nevus of Ito. In this article, we report an unusual case of dermal melanocytosis.
OBSERVATIONS
A 28-year-old white woman was referred to us, as she had an extensive, speckled gray-blue pigmentation on the right aspect of her trunk that was in a segmental pattern. The lesion had been present at birth. Histologic and ultrastructural examinations revealed sparse, elongated dermal melanocytes.
CONCLUSIONS
We comment on the differential diagnosis with classic recognized forms of dermal melanocytosis. We also review other isolated cases of unusual dermal melanocytosis. This is a distinct case, clinically different from previously reported cases in the literature; we propose the term "congenital segmental dermal melanocytosis" to name this case.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Female; Humans; Melanocytes; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 1580661
DOI: 10.1001/archderm.1992.01680140101012 -
Pediatric Dermatology 2008
Topics: Child; Humans; Male; Mongolian Spot; Rare Diseases; Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 18429810
DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2008.00660.x