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Andrology Sep 2015The relationship between mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection and male infertility has been studied widely; however, results remain controversial. This meta-analysis... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The relationship between mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection and male infertility has been studied widely; however, results remain controversial. This meta-analysis investigated the association between genital ureaplasmas (Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum) and mycoplasmas (Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium), and risk of male infertility. Differences in prevalence of ureaplasma and mycoplasma infection between China and the rest of the world were also compared. Study data were collected from PubMed, Embase and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Summary odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was applied to assess the relationship. Heterogeneity testing and publication bias testing were also performed. A total of 14 studies were used: five case-control studies with 611 infertile cases and 506 controls featuring U. urealyticum infection, and nine case-control studies with 2410 cases and 1223 controls concerning M. hominis infection. Two other infection (U. parvum and M. genitalium) were featured in five and three studies, respectively. The meta-analysis results indicated that U. parvum and M. genitalium are not associated with male infertility. However, a significant relationship existed between U. urealyticum and M. hominis and male infertility. Comparing the global average with China, a significantly higher positive rate of U. urealyticum, but a significantly lower positive rate of M. hominis, was observed in both the infertile and control groups in China.
Topics: China; Genital Diseases, Male; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma genitalium; Mycoplasma hominis; Ureaplasma; Ureaplasma Infections; Ureaplasma urealyticum
PubMed: 26311339
DOI: 10.1111/andr.12078 -
Parasitology Research Dec 2020Resistance mechanisms of Trichomonas vaginalis to metronidazole are still not well understood. It has been shown that Mycoplasma hominis has the ability to establish an...
Resistance mechanisms of Trichomonas vaginalis to metronidazole are still not well understood. It has been shown that Mycoplasma hominis has the ability to establish an endosymbiotic relationship with T. vaginalis. This study investigated the association between T. vaginalis and M. hominis symbiosis in relation to metronidazole resistance. This study included 362 pregnant women from the King Edward VIII hospital in South Africa. The women provided self-collected vaginal swabs for the diagnosis of T. vaginalis by culture. Metronidazole susceptibility using the broth-microdilution assay was performed. Detection of the 16S rRNA from M. hominis using T. vaginalis genomic DNA as the template was performed. All statistical analysis was conducted in R statistical computing software. A total of 21 culture positive isolates were obtained resulting in a prevalence of 5.8% for T. vaginalis in the study population. Under anaerobic incubation, 52.4% (11/21) of the isolates were susceptible to metronidazole (MIC ≤ 1 μg/ml). Intermediate resistance (MIC of 2 μg/ml) and full resistance (4 μg/ml) was observed in 38.1% (8/21) and 9.5% (2/21) of the isolates, respectively. The majority of the isolates 95% (19/20) were susceptible to metronidazole under aerobic conditions. Only one isolate had a MIC of 50 μg/ml. M. hominis was shown to be present in 85.7% (18/21) of the T. vaginalis isolates. However, there was no significant association between metronidazole susceptibility and T. vaginalis-M. hominis symbiosis. This study provides evidence of emerging metronidazole resistance in T. vaginalis. However, these resistance profiles were not associated with M. hominis symbiosis.
Topics: Adult; Antiprotozoal Agents; Drug Resistance; Female; Humans; Metronidazole; Mycoplasma hominis; Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; Pregnancy; South Africa; Symbiosis; Trichomonas Vaginitis; Trichomonas vaginalis
PubMed: 33068149
DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06930-x -
Rinsho Biseibutsu Jinsoku Shindan... Apr 2020usually colonizes the lower urogenital tract and has been occasionally associated with pelvic inflammatory disease, postpartum fever, preterm labor in pregnant females....
OBJECTIVE
usually colonizes the lower urogenital tract and has been occasionally associated with pelvic inflammatory disease, postpartum fever, preterm labor in pregnant females. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and antimicrobial susceptibilities of isolated from the urogenital tracts of pregnant females.
METHODS
Specimens were obtained from the urogenital tract of pregnant females at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Hospital, between November 2014 and December 2017. The identification of was confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antibiotics were measured using a broth microdilution assay.
RESULTS
Of the 1074 specimens tested, 63 (5.9%) were positive for . The -positive rate was highest at 21.3% between 18 and 24 years old. The 21 (25.6%) of 82 patients with bacterial vaginosis were positive for . The 17 (40.5%) of 42 patients delivered by cesarean section that occurred infections including of intrauterine infection and pelvic abscess were positive for . They were all administered β-lactam antibiotics before and after cesarean section. All patients recovered immediately following administration of clindamycin (CLDM). β-lactam antibiotics, macrolides and fosfomycin (FOM) were all resistant against strains. In contrast, strains were susceptible to CLDM, minocycline (MINO) and quinolones.
CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggests that the prevalence of genital in pregnant females is high at younger age, bacterial vaginosis and infections after cesarean section with β-lactam antibiotics administration. CLDM, MINO and quinolones may be recommended against infection. Especially, CLDM can be used as the adequate agent for pregnant females because tetracycline and quinolones are undesirable during pregnancy and lactation.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cesarean Section; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant, Newborn; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Young Adult
PubMed: 32312077
DOI: No ID Found -
ACS Synthetic Biology May 2017Mycoplasma hominis is a minimal human pathogen that is responsible for genital and neonatal infections. Despite many attempts, there is no efficient genetic tool to...
Mycoplasma hominis is a minimal human pathogen that is responsible for genital and neonatal infections. Despite many attempts, there is no efficient genetic tool to manipulate this bacterium, limiting most investigations of its pathogenicity and its uncommon energy metabolism that relies on arginine. The recent cloning and subsequent engineering of other mycoplasma genomes in yeast opens new possibilities for studies of the genomes of genetically intractable organisms. Here, we report the successful one-step cloning of the M. hominis PG21 genome in yeast using the transformation-associated recombination (TAR) cloning method. At low passages, the M. hominis genome cloned into yeast displayed a conserved size. However, after ∼60 generations in selective media, this stability was affected, and large degradation events were detected, raising questions regarding the stability of large heterologous DNA molecules cloned in yeast and the need to minimize host propagation. Taking these results into account, we selected early passage yeast clones and successfully modified the M. hominis PG21 genome using the CRISPR/Cas9 editing tool, available in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Complete M. hominis PG21 genomes lacking the adhesion-related vaa gene were efficiently obtained.
Topics: Cloning, Molecular; Genetic Vectors; Genome, Bacterial; Mycoplasma hominis; Plasmids; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
PubMed: 28118540
DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.6b00379 -
Oncotarget Apr 2011The origin of chronic inflammation preceding the development of prostate cancer (PCa) remains unknown. We investigated possible involvement of mycoplasma infection in...
The origin of chronic inflammation preceding the development of prostate cancer (PCa) remains unknown. We investigated possible involvement of mycoplasma infection in PCa by screening prostate biopsies from two groups of Russian men undergoing PCa diagnosis. M. hominis was detected by standard PCR in 15% of the 125 patients in the first group and by quantitative real-time PCR in 37.4% of the 123 men in the second group. In both groups, stratification of patients according to diagnosis showed that M. hominis was present at three times higher frequency in patients with PCa than in those with benign prostatic hyperplasia. No M. hominis was detected in the prostates of 27 men without detectable prostate disease. In addition, PCa-positive men had higher titers of antibodies against M. hominis and average PSA levels were higher in M. hominis-positive men. These data, together with previous observations linking mycoplasma infection with cell transformation, genomic instability and resistance to apoptosis, suggest that M. hominis infection may be involved in PCa development and may, therefore, be a potential PCa marker and/or target for improved prevention and treatment of this disease.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antibodies; Biopsy; Carcinoma; Cohort Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostatic Neoplasms; Russia
PubMed: 21471611
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.256 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Oct 2016Mycoplasma hominis, a well known cause of neonatal infection, has been reported as a pathogen in urogenital infections in adults; however, central nervous system (CNS)... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Mycoplasma hominis, a well known cause of neonatal infection, has been reported as a pathogen in urogenital infections in adults; however, central nervous system (CNS) infections are rare. We report here the first case of M. hominis meningitis in China, post neurosurgical treatment for an intracerebral haemorrhage in a 71-year-old male.
CASE PRESENTATION
We describe a 71-year-old man who developed M. hominis meningitis after neurosurgical treatment and was successfully treated with combined azithromycin and minocycline therapy of 2 weeks duration, despite delayed treatment because the Gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) yielded no visible organisms. The diagnosis required 16S rDNA sequencing analysis of the cultured isolate from CSF. Literature review of M. hominis CNS infections yielded 19 cases (13 instances of brain abscess, 3 of meningitis, 1 spinal cord abscess and 1 subdural empyema each). Delay in diagnosis and initial treatment failure was evident in all cases. With appropriate microbiological testing, antibiotic therapy (ranging from 5 days to 12 weeks) and often, multiple surgical interventions, almost all the patients improved immediately.
CONCLUSIONS
Both our patient findings and the literature review, highlighted the pathogenic potential of M. hominis together with the challenges prompted by rare infectious diseases in particular for developing countries laboratories with limited diagnostic resources.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Asian People; Humans; Male; Meningitis, Bacterial; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Treatment Failure
PubMed: 27729031
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1885-4 -
Journal of Perinatal Medicine 2004The relationship between detection of Mycoplasma hominis in mid-trimester amniotic fluid and subsequent pregnancy outcome was investigated.
OBJECTIVE
The relationship between detection of Mycoplasma hominis in mid-trimester amniotic fluid and subsequent pregnancy outcome was investigated.
STUDY DESIGN
Amniotic fluids from 456 women of European background who underwent a transabdominal amniocentesis at weeks 15-17 of pregnancy were tested for M. hominis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The amplicons were hybridized to an internal probe and detected by ELISA. Pregnancy outcomes and clinical data were subsequently obtained.
RESULTS
M. hominis were identified in 29 (6.4%) of the amniotic fluids. The rate of preterm labor in women positive for M. hominis (14.3%) was higher than in the negative women (3.3%) (p=0.01). Similarly, a spontaneous preterm birth with intact membranes occurred in 10.7% of the M. hominis-positive women as opposed to only 1.9% of the negative women (p = 0.02). The presence of this mycoplasma was not correlated with fetal chromosomal aberrations, intrauterine growth restriction or preeclampsia.
CONCLUSIONS
Detection of M. hominis in second-trimester amniotic fluids can identify women at increased risk for subsequent preterm labor and delivery.
Topics: Adult; Amniocentesis; Amniotic Fluid; DNA, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Obstetric Labor, Premature; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnancy Trimester, Second; Prenatal Diagnosis; Switzerland
PubMed: 15346817
DOI: 10.1515/JPM.2004.060 -
Italian Journal of Dermatology and... Feb 2022
Topics: Chancre; Humans; Male; Mycoplasma hominis; Penis; Syphilis; Ulcer
PubMed: 33890743
DOI: 10.23736/S2784-8671.21.06937-1 -
Human Reproduction (Oxford, England) Jun 2006The study of sperm-mycoplasma interaction has been focused on the effects of infection on sperm quality, but few studies have reported the direct interaction of this...
BACKGROUND
The study of sperm-mycoplasma interaction has been focused on the effects of infection on sperm quality, but few studies have reported the direct interaction of this bacterium with spermatozoa.
METHODS
Selected populations of viable, motile and infection-free human spermatozoa from three healthy men were incubated with 15-480 multiplicity of infection (MOI) units of DiIC18-labelled Mycoplasma hominis. Cells were analyzed by means of confocal microscopy and by the eosin-Y dye exclusion test between 10 min and 24 h post-infection.
RESULTS
As early as 10 min post-infection, clusters of M. hominis were seen attached to the sperm head, midpiece or tail. Mycoplasma showed an approximately 2.5-4.5-fold higher interaction with sperm head or tail than with midpiece. Sequential sectioning of infected spermatozoa revealed the intracellular location of M. hominis within cytosolic spaces of head and midpiece regions. A minor proportion of infected spermatozoa showed bent or coiled tails, and/or midpiece thickening. Sperm viability was not altered by M. hominis infection.
CONCLUSIONS
These results provide specific and conclusive evidence of M. hominis attachment and invasiveness towards human sperm cells, which seems not to affect their viability, suggesting that a short-term M. hominis interaction with spermatozoa results in non-apparent or subtle damage, but might have implications for long-term male or couple's fertility.
Topics: Humans; Infertility, Male; Kinetics; Male; Microscopy, Confocal; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa
PubMed: 16549424
DOI: 10.1093/humrep/del032 -
Revista Argentina de Microbiologia 2018Mycoplasma hominis is a fastidious bacterium, which usually colonizes the lower urogenital tract and may cause systemic infections in neonates and genital infections in...
UNLABELLED
Mycoplasma hominis is a fastidious bacterium, which usually colonizes the lower urogenital tract and may cause systemic infections in neonates and genital infections in adults. It can also be the cause of serious extra-genital infections, mainly in immunosuppressed or predisposed subjects.
CASE PRESENTATION
We describe a case of bacteremia caused by M. hominis in a previously healthy woman after uterine curettage due to incomplete abortion. M. hominis could be an underestimated cause of bacteremia in immunocompetent patients. Mycoplasma organisms have fastidious growth requirements, are often difficult to culture on a cell-free medium and have no cell wall. The conventional method for detection may fail. This is the first report of M. hominis isolation from a positive automated blood culture (BD BACTEC, USA).
Topics: Adult; Bacteremia; Female; Humans; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Pregnancy; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 29054551
DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2017.02.009