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Open Forum Infectious Diseases Sep 2022is a rare cause of invasive infection in immunodeficient hosts. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, regulatory subunit 1 () mutations predispose patients to sinopulmonary...
is a rare cause of invasive infection in immunodeficient hosts. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, regulatory subunit 1 () mutations predispose patients to sinopulmonary infections, alongside bronchiectasis autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation. We report 2 cases of deficiency with invasive and effective treatment options.
PubMed: 36196300
DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac472 -
The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College Nov 2002It has been suggested that infection by some mycoplasma species can act as possible cofactors in the acceleration of immunodeficiency in HIV-infected patients. The...
It has been suggested that infection by some mycoplasma species can act as possible cofactors in the acceleration of immunodeficiency in HIV-infected patients. The present study was designed to examine infections by oral mycoplasma species in HIV-seropositive (HIV(+)) patients. Mycoplasma salivarium and Mycoplasma orale were isolated from 59.5% and 16.7% of 42 HIV(+) patients, respectively. Non-M. salivarium and non-M. orale species were isolated from 40.5% of saliva samples from the HIV(+) group and 20.8% of those from 24 HIV-seronegative (HIV(-)) subjects, respectively. Although the production of superantigen by human peripheral lymphocytes in the isolated mycoplasma species from HIV(+) and HIV(-) subjects was evaluated, none of the examined mycoplasma strains, including ATCC strains of M. salivarium, M. orale, Mycoplasma buccae and Mycoplasma penetrans, were found to produce superantigen. Production of heat shock proteins (HSPs) by isolated mycoplasma strains was examined by immunoblotting using monoclonal antibodies against Helicobacter pylori HSP60. It was found that all the strains of M. salivarium, M. orale, and unidentified mycoplasma species isolated from HIV(+) and HIV(-) groups produced heat shock proteins. HSP production by oral mycoplasma may play a role in the immunomodulation of HIV(+) patients.
Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Adult; Antigens, Bacterial; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Case-Control Studies; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Female; HIV Seropositivity; Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Immunoblotting; Lymphocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma Infections; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Saliva; Superantigens
PubMed: 12687728
DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.43.231 -
Journal of Bacteriology Apr 1969Six mycoplasma strains, isolated under anaerobic conditions from the human oropharynx, were studied by biologic and serologic means. The strains produced nippled...
Six mycoplasma strains, isolated under anaerobic conditions from the human oropharynx, were studied by biologic and serologic means. The strains produced nippled colonies with weak hemolytic activity for guinea pig erythrocytes on agar medium. In addition, the strains metabolized arginine with a concomitant alkaline shift in the pH of the medium but did not produce a pH shift when grown in the presence of glucose or urea. The strains failed to reduce 2-3-5 triphenyl tetrazolium and were inhibited by 0.001% methylene blue. In addition, they required fresh yeast extract for growth. When compared by several serologic methods, the strains were found to be related to each other but distinct from 23 serotypes of human, animal, and avian origin. However, one-way serologic relationships between one of the new strains and Mycoplasma orale type 1 and M. salivarium were observed when they were tested by complement fixation. Furthermore, partial relationship of one of the new strains to all of the arginine-utilizing mycoplasma species of human origin was demonstrated with the agar gel diffusion technique. Thus, the new strains appear to constitute a new mycoplasma species, for which the name M. orale type 3 is tentatively proposed. M. orale type 3 accounted for 1.4% of 437 mycoplasma isolates from the oropharynx of adults. The new species probably is a rare member of the normal mycoplasmal flora of man.
Topics: Complement Fixation Tests; Hemolysis; Humans; Immunodiffusion; Mouth; Mycoplasma; Pharynx; Serotyping
PubMed: 4976470
DOI: 10.1128/jb.98.1.36-43.1969 -
Journal of the Association of Medical... Dec 2021is an obligate intracellular bacterium usually found as a commensal in the human oral cavity. Symptomatic infections with this organism are rare, but severe disease has...
is an obligate intracellular bacterium usually found as a commensal in the human oral cavity. Symptomatic infections with this organism are rare, but severe disease has been described in the setting of impaired humoral immunity. Here, we describe a case in which was identified from the joint fluid of a patient with septic arthritis, splenic lesions, and agammaglobulinemia. A 15-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital with fever, progressive left knee swelling, and pain. His medical history was significant for Burkitt's lymphoma, the treatment of which had included rituximab 6 years earlier. was identified in the synovial fluid using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. He was also found to be hypogammaglobulinemic, and imaging revealed multiple splenic lesions. He was treated with doxycycline and intravenous immunoglobulin, which resulted in complete resolution of his arthritis and other symptoms. species should be suspected in patients with humoral immunodeficiency and compatible findings.
PubMed: 36338458
DOI: 10.3138/jammi-2021-0002 -
PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science... 2020Capture bioprocessing unit operations were previously shown to clear or kill several log of a model mycoplasma in lab-scale spike/removal studies. Here, we confirm this...
Capture bioprocessing unit operations were previously shown to clear or kill several log of a model mycoplasma in lab-scale spike/removal studies. Here, we confirm this observation with two additional mollicute species relevant to biotechnology products for human use: and Clearance of and from protein A column purification was similar to that seen with , though some between cycle carryover was evident, especially for However, on-resin growth studies for all three species revealed that residual mycoplasma in a column slowly die off over time rather than expanding further. Solvent/detergent exposure completely inactivated though detectable levels of remained. A small-scale model of a commercial low-pH hold step did inactivate live , but this inactivation required a lower pH set point and occurred with slower kinetics than previously seen with Additionally, ultraviolet-C irradiation was shown to be effective for and inactivation whereas virus-retentive filters for upstream and downstream processes, as expected, cleared These data argue that and overall would be largely cleared by early bioprocessing steps as shown previously for and that barrier technologies can effectively reduce the risk from media components. For some unit operations, and may be hardier, and require more stringent processing or equipment cleaning conditions to assure effective mycoplasma reduction. By exploring how some of the failure modes in commercial antibody manufacturing processes can still eliminate mycoplasma burden, we demonstrate that required best practices assure biotechnology products will be safe for patients.
Topics: Animals; CHO Cells; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Coculture Techniques; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Drug Contamination; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma orale
PubMed: 31519782
DOI: 10.5731/pdajpst.2018.009613 -
Cold Spring Harbor Protocols Jul 2021Because mycoplasmas are a diverse group of organisms and are difficult to culture, several different strategies for detecting mycoplasma contamination have been...
Because mycoplasmas are a diverse group of organisms and are difficult to culture, several different strategies for detecting mycoplasma contamination have been developed. To date, no one test is suitable for detecting all of the possible mycoplasmas that may contaminate hybridoma or myeloma cultures. Therefore, it is sensible to consider using several methods. The most commonly used techniques are described here. screening by growth on microbial medium can be performed on agar plates or in broth culture. Cultures are grown under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions because some common strains of prefer the lack of oxygen (, , , and ). colonies form a characteristic "fried egg" appearance on agar plates, and this is the diagnostic feature used to confirm mycoplasma contamination. The colonies are small and are most easily seen with an inverted microscope. A quicker method for testing for mycoplasma takes advantage of the DNA-intercalating dye Hoechst 33258. Fixed cells are stained with the dye, and contaminated cultures are detected by the bright, punctate cytoplasmic staining of the DNA. Finally, commercial kits for the detection of mycoplasmas using colorimetric assays or reporter cells are also described.
Topics: Culture Media; Hybridomas; Mycoplasma
PubMed: 34210772
DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot103283 -
Molecular and Cellular Probes Jun 1999Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the Mycoplasma fermentans insertion sequence-like element (ISLE) RW primer set amplifies DNA from Mycoplasma orale when more than 1...
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the Mycoplasma fermentans insertion sequence-like element (ISLE) RW primer set amplifies DNA from Mycoplasma orale when more than 1 ng is present in the reaction tube. In this study, amplified products from 11 different clinical isolates and the ATCC prototype of M. orale were sequenced and compared to 206 bp amplicons from eight isolates and the ATCC strain of M. fermentans. The nucleotide sequences of the amplified M. orale products had high sequence homology (88-92%) to those from M. fermentans, but differed at several key positions. The M. orale products contained a DraI restriction enzyme site not found in any of the M. fermentans amplified products. Consistent with this finding, the PCR products from M. orale were digested by DraI while the PCR products from M. fermentans were resistant to DraI digestion. The results suggest that M. orale may carry a similar IS-like element that complicates but does not negate using the ISLE PCR assay designed to detect M. fermentans. It appears possible for the RW primers to amplify M. orale if the mycoplasmas are present at higher concentrations. The amplified products can be differentiated from those from M. fermentans by a rapid DraI restriction endonuclease digestion or by Southern blot analysis using the RW006 internal probe under highly stringent conditions.
Topics: Base Sequence; DNA, Bacterial; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma fermentans; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
PubMed: 10369743
DOI: 10.1006/mcpr.1999.0233 -
Canadian Journal of Microbiology Jun 1978Mycoplasma contaminants of animal and human cell cultures were rapidly detected and identified by an indirect immunofluorescent technique. Cells suspected of being...
Mycoplasma contaminants of animal and human cell cultures were rapidly detected and identified by an indirect immunofluorescent technique. Cells suspected of being contaminated by mycoplasmas were grown as monolayers on chamber slides in a culture medium selected to promote mycoplasmal growth. Before fixation by acetone, the monolayers were subjected to a hypotonic treatment to cause swelling of the mycoplasmas. Detection and identification were then performed by indirect immunofluorescence using rabbit antisera to various mycoplasma species. The correlation between results obtained by the standard isolation procedure and those obtained by this method was very close.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Culture Techniques; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Humans; Mycoplasma; Species Specificity
PubMed: 352499
DOI: 10.1139/m78-116 -
Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2020A young woman with mixed connective tissue disease complicated by erosive arthritis, secondary hypogammaglobulinemia due to rituximab, and a history of many infectious...
A young woman with mixed connective tissue disease complicated by erosive arthritis, secondary hypogammaglobulinemia due to rituximab, and a history of many infectious complications developed multiple nonhealing wounds, polyarticular joint pain, and leukocytosis. Radiographic studies demonstrated multiple scattered areas of osteomyelitis and complex abscesses. Purulent fluid drained from multiple sites did not yield a microbiologic diagnosis by standard culture technique, but was ultimately identified using 16 S ribosomal RNA gene amplification and sequencing. We describe this unique case and review the literature.
PubMed: 32850161
DOI: 10.1155/2020/8852115 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology May 1994The growth of Mycoplasma salivarium ATCC 23064 and Mycoplasma orale ATCC 15539 was inhibited by MnCl2. The growth-inhibitory effect was much more remarkable on M. orale... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The growth of Mycoplasma salivarium ATCC 23064 and Mycoplasma orale ATCC 15539 was inhibited by MnCl2. The growth-inhibitory effect was much more remarkable on M. orale than M. salivarium and was much more remarkable in medium supplemented with 10% (vol/vol) horse serum (HS) than 20% (vol/vol) HS. It was suggested that isolates of Mycoplasma from the oral cavity could be roughly identified as either M. salivarium and M. orale by examination of the growth (color changes) in PPLO broth supplemented with 10% (vol/vol) HS and 0.2 mM MnCl2.
Topics: Aminopeptidases; Bacteriological Techniques; Chlorides; Culture Media; Humans; Manganese Compounds; Mouth; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma Infections; Species Specificity
PubMed: 8051265
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.32.5.1343-1345.1994