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The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College Nov 2002It has been suggested that infection by some mycoplasma species can act as possible cofactors in the acceleration of immunodeficiency in HIV-infected patients. The...
It has been suggested that infection by some mycoplasma species can act as possible cofactors in the acceleration of immunodeficiency in HIV-infected patients. The present study was designed to examine infections by oral mycoplasma species in HIV-seropositive (HIV(+)) patients. Mycoplasma salivarium and Mycoplasma orale were isolated from 59.5% and 16.7% of 42 HIV(+) patients, respectively. Non-M. salivarium and non-M. orale species were isolated from 40.5% of saliva samples from the HIV(+) group and 20.8% of those from 24 HIV-seronegative (HIV(-)) subjects, respectively. Although the production of superantigen by human peripheral lymphocytes in the isolated mycoplasma species from HIV(+) and HIV(-) subjects was evaluated, none of the examined mycoplasma strains, including ATCC strains of M. salivarium, M. orale, Mycoplasma buccae and Mycoplasma penetrans, were found to produce superantigen. Production of heat shock proteins (HSPs) by isolated mycoplasma strains was examined by immunoblotting using monoclonal antibodies against Helicobacter pylori HSP60. It was found that all the strains of M. salivarium, M. orale, and unidentified mycoplasma species isolated from HIV(+) and HIV(-) groups produced heat shock proteins. HSP production by oral mycoplasma may play a role in the immunomodulation of HIV(+) patients.
Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Adult; Antigens, Bacterial; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Case-Control Studies; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Female; HIV Seropositivity; Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Immunoblotting; Lymphocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma Infections; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Saliva; Superantigens
PubMed: 12687728
DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.43.231 -
Open Forum Infectious Diseases Sep 2022is a rare cause of invasive infection in immunodeficient hosts. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, regulatory subunit 1 () mutations predispose patients to sinopulmonary...
is a rare cause of invasive infection in immunodeficient hosts. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, regulatory subunit 1 () mutations predispose patients to sinopulmonary infections, alongside bronchiectasis autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation. We report 2 cases of deficiency with invasive and effective treatment options.
PubMed: 36196300
DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac472 -
Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2020A young woman with mixed connective tissue disease complicated by erosive arthritis, secondary hypogammaglobulinemia due to rituximab, and a history of many infectious...
A young woman with mixed connective tissue disease complicated by erosive arthritis, secondary hypogammaglobulinemia due to rituximab, and a history of many infectious complications developed multiple nonhealing wounds, polyarticular joint pain, and leukocytosis. Radiographic studies demonstrated multiple scattered areas of osteomyelitis and complex abscesses. Purulent fluid drained from multiple sites did not yield a microbiologic diagnosis by standard culture technique, but was ultimately identified using 16 S ribosomal RNA gene amplification and sequencing. We describe this unique case and review the literature.
PubMed: 32850161
DOI: 10.1155/2020/8852115 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology May 1994The growth of Mycoplasma salivarium ATCC 23064 and Mycoplasma orale ATCC 15539 was inhibited by MnCl2. The growth-inhibitory effect was much more remarkable on M. orale... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The growth of Mycoplasma salivarium ATCC 23064 and Mycoplasma orale ATCC 15539 was inhibited by MnCl2. The growth-inhibitory effect was much more remarkable on M. orale than M. salivarium and was much more remarkable in medium supplemented with 10% (vol/vol) horse serum (HS) than 20% (vol/vol) HS. It was suggested that isolates of Mycoplasma from the oral cavity could be roughly identified as either M. salivarium and M. orale by examination of the growth (color changes) in PPLO broth supplemented with 10% (vol/vol) HS and 0.2 mM MnCl2.
Topics: Aminopeptidases; Bacteriological Techniques; Chlorides; Culture Media; Humans; Manganese Compounds; Mouth; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma Infections; Species Specificity
PubMed: 8051265
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.32.5.1343-1345.1994 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2019Mycoplasma contamination detrimentally affects cellular functions and the growth of intracellular pathogens in cell cultures. Although several mycoplasmacidal agents are...
Mycoplasma contamination detrimentally affects cellular functions and the growth of intracellular pathogens in cell cultures. Although several mycoplasmacidal agents are commercially available for sterile cell cultures, they are not applicable to rickettsia-infected cells. In our attempt to find an anti-mycoplasma drug for contaminated rickettsial cultures, we determined the susceptibilities of three common species to daptomycin. and showed low-level resistance to daptomycin (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC = 2 mg/L), whereas was high-level resistant (MIC = 32 mg/L). However, some isolates developed higher resistance to daptomycin after failed treatments with inadequate doses or durations. An aminoglycoside (gentamicin) was still active against and could be used in cultures. For complete eradication of mycoplasmas in cultures, we recommend a 3-week treatment with daptomycin at 256 mg/L. In contaminated cultures, daptomycin at 32 mg/L was effective in eradicating , whereas either gentamicin or amikacin (100 mg/L) was effective in eradicating . Unlike each drug alone, the combinations of daptomycin plus clindamycin and/or quinupristin/dalfopristin proved effective in eradicating . In summary, our study demonstrated the in vitro anti-mycoplasma activity of daptomycin and its application as a new mycoplasma decontamination method for and cultures.
PubMed: 31438510
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8030123 -
Microbiology and Immunology 1990Mycoplasma salivarium ATCC 23064 and 24 other oral strains, and Mycoplasma orale ATCC 15539 and 22 other oral strains were examined quantitatively for attachment to... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Mycoplasma salivarium ATCC 23064 and 24 other oral strains, and Mycoplasma orale ATCC 15539 and 22 other oral strains were examined quantitatively for attachment to glass surfaces by using ELISA method. Although all of the tested strains attached to glass surfaces, M. salivarium attached far more readily than M. orale. The results suggested that electrostatic bonds were involved in the attachment and that bivalent metal ions also played a role.
Topics: Bacterial Adhesion; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glass; Humans; Metals; Mycobacterium; Saliva; Tooth
PubMed: 2077367
DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1990.tb01060.x -
Journal of Bacteriology Apr 1969Six mycoplasma strains, isolated under anaerobic conditions from the human oropharynx, were studied by biologic and serologic means. The strains produced nippled...
Six mycoplasma strains, isolated under anaerobic conditions from the human oropharynx, were studied by biologic and serologic means. The strains produced nippled colonies with weak hemolytic activity for guinea pig erythrocytes on agar medium. In addition, the strains metabolized arginine with a concomitant alkaline shift in the pH of the medium but did not produce a pH shift when grown in the presence of glucose or urea. The strains failed to reduce 2-3-5 triphenyl tetrazolium and were inhibited by 0.001% methylene blue. In addition, they required fresh yeast extract for growth. When compared by several serologic methods, the strains were found to be related to each other but distinct from 23 serotypes of human, animal, and avian origin. However, one-way serologic relationships between one of the new strains and Mycoplasma orale type 1 and M. salivarium were observed when they were tested by complement fixation. Furthermore, partial relationship of one of the new strains to all of the arginine-utilizing mycoplasma species of human origin was demonstrated with the agar gel diffusion technique. Thus, the new strains appear to constitute a new mycoplasma species, for which the name M. orale type 3 is tentatively proposed. M. orale type 3 accounted for 1.4% of 437 mycoplasma isolates from the oropharynx of adults. The new species probably is a rare member of the normal mycoplasmal flora of man.
Topics: Complement Fixation Tests; Hemolysis; Humans; Immunodiffusion; Mouth; Mycoplasma; Pharynx; Serotyping
PubMed: 4976470
DOI: 10.1128/jb.98.1.36-43.1969 -
Journal of the Association of Medical... Dec 2021is an obligate intracellular bacterium usually found as a commensal in the human oral cavity. Symptomatic infections with this organism are rare, but severe disease has...
is an obligate intracellular bacterium usually found as a commensal in the human oral cavity. Symptomatic infections with this organism are rare, but severe disease has been described in the setting of impaired humoral immunity. Here, we describe a case in which was identified from the joint fluid of a patient with septic arthritis, splenic lesions, and agammaglobulinemia. A 15-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital with fever, progressive left knee swelling, and pain. His medical history was significant for Burkitt's lymphoma, the treatment of which had included rituximab 6 years earlier. was identified in the synovial fluid using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. He was also found to be hypogammaglobulinemic, and imaging revealed multiple splenic lesions. He was treated with doxycycline and intravenous immunoglobulin, which resulted in complete resolution of his arthritis and other symptoms. species should be suspected in patients with humoral immunodeficiency and compatible findings.
PubMed: 36338458
DOI: 10.3138/jammi-2021-0002 -
Microbiology and Immunology 1981The process of attachment of Mycoplasma hominis and M. orale to HAIN-55 cells, derived from normal embryonic human lung, was investigated quantitatively. The attachment...
The process of attachment of Mycoplasma hominis and M. orale to HAIN-55 cells, derived from normal embryonic human lung, was investigated quantitatively. The attachment reached its maximum within about 2-4 hr at 37 degrees C and increased linearly as a function of the number of organisms present in the system. The relative attachment efficiency of M. hominis was approximately 1% under our experimental conditions. Trypsin and EDTA were effective in detaching particles of M. hominis and M. orale from the surfaces of HAIN-55 cells. Therefore it was suggested that some proteinaceous substance and salt bridges might be involved in the attachment of these mycoplasmas to HAIN-55 cells.
Topics: Adhesiveness; Cell Division; Cell Line; Edetic Acid; Fibroblasts; Humans; Kinetics; Lung; Mycoplasma; Trypsin
PubMed: 6793814
DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1981.tb00078.x -
Applied Microbiology Feb 1971Eight Mycoplasma species of human origin were successfully cultivated on glass. Complement-fixing (CF) antigens prepared from glass-adherent mycoplasmas were potent,...
Eight Mycoplasma species of human origin were successfully cultivated on glass. Complement-fixing (CF) antigens prepared from glass-adherent mycoplasmas were potent, specific, and free from anticomplementary activity. PPLO broth medium supplemented with 1 to 5% PPLO serum fraction (bovine), 2.5% fresh yeast extract, and 1% glucose (glycolytic species) or 1% arginine (arginine-utilizing species) supported moderate to luxuriant growth of mycoplasmas on glass. The potency of CF antigens prepared from glass-adherent mycoplasmas varied with the species of Mycoplasma tested and the duration of incubation. When the potency of CF antigens prepared from glass-adherent mycoplasmas was compared with that material sedimented from the broth phase of the same culture, three patterns of growth were observed: M. hominis and M. orale type 2 grew preferentially in the broth phase; M. salivarium, M. orale types 1 and 3, M. pneumoniae, and M. lipophilum preferentially adhered to the glass; and M. fermentans was biphasic. The growth of mycoplasmas on glass provides a simple means of concentrating and purifying such organisms for immunological and biochemical studies.
Topics: Acetates; Age Factors; Animals; Antigens; Arginine; Bacteriological Techniques; Cattle; Complement Fixation Tests; Culture Media; Glass; Glucose; Horses; Hot Temperature; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immune Sera; Indicators and Reagents; Mycoplasma; Penicillins; Rabbits; Saccharomyces; Species Specificity; Thallium; Time Factors; Yeast, Dried
PubMed: 5547544
DOI: 10.1128/am.21.2.288-294.1971