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Applied Microbiology Mar 1970The genus Oerskovia is proposed to harbor actinomycetes forming an extensively branched substrate mycelium which usually breaks up into motile elements. Cell wall...
The genus Oerskovia is proposed to harbor actinomycetes forming an extensively branched substrate mycelium which usually breaks up into motile elements. Cell wall preparations contain major amounts of lysine and galactose. Aspartic acid is often present in major amounts. Aerial mycelium is not formed. Gram reaction and catalase production are positive. The type species is Oerskovia turbata comb. n.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Aspartic Acid; Catalase; Cell Wall; Galactose; Lysine; Nocardia
PubMed: 5440174
DOI: 10.1128/am.19.3.534-534.1970 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jun 2004Oerskovia turbata is an unusual bacterial cause of endocarditis and septicemia in immunocompromised patients. In this study, we compared 12 isolates from a 1975 medical...
Oerskovia turbata is an unusual bacterial cause of endocarditis and septicemia in immunocompromised patients. In this study, we compared 12 isolates from a 1975 medical center cluster, 11 originally identified as O. turbata (four from the blood of a homograft aortic valve-associated endocarditis patient and seven from contaminated homograft valves) and one CDC group A-3 strain from the blood of a second endocarditis patient with fatal outcome, with eight control strains from unrelated locations. The control strains included type and reference strains of O. turbata, Cellulomonas hominis, and CDC group A-3. The four blood isolates from the first patient and six of the valve isolates shared identical biochemical, antimicrobial susceptibility, and BglI ribotype patterns that differed from the second patient's isolate and control strains. The blood isolate from the second patient and the remaining valve isolate shared a phenotypic and genotypic profile and were phenotypically identical to, but epidemiologically different from, the CDC group A-3 reference strain with the strain-specific enzyme. Also, these isolates differed from the type strain and the other reference strains of C. hominis and O. turbata. Our results indicate that the four blood isolates from the first patient and six of the homograft valve isolates represent a single clone of O. turbata associated with endocarditis. Additionally, our results indicate that the blood isolate from the second patient and one of the homograft valve isolates differ from O. turbata and C. hominis and represent a unique clone of CDC group A-3 associated with fatal endocarditis.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Heart Valves; Humans; Phylogeny; Ribotyping; Transplantation, Homologous
PubMed: 15184426
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.42.6.2495-2500.2004 -
The Journal of Antimicrobial... Oct 1995We report the cloning and sequencing of vanA genes present in the high-level vancomycin- and teicoplanin-resistant clinical isolates Oerskovia turbata 892 and...
We report the cloning and sequencing of vanA genes present in the high-level vancomycin- and teicoplanin-resistant clinical isolates Oerskovia turbata 892 and Arcanobacterium (Corynebacterium) haemolyticum 872. The presence of vanA was detected by Southern blotting and PCR and confirmed by DNA sequencing. vanA-like sequences were encoded on plasmids of 15 and 20 kb respectively. The A. haemolyticum 872 DNA sequence was identical to the published vanA sequence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium BM4147, but the O. turbata 892 sequence showed three coding changes. Induction experiments indicated that vancomycin resistance in A. haemolyticum 872 and O. turbata 892 was constitutive. SDS-PAGE analysis of membrane proteins showed the presence of a c. 39 kD protein in both clinical isolates whose expression was unaltered in the presence of vancomycin, while a similar protein in E. faecium BM4147 was inducible. Since A. haemolyticum and O. turbata are naturally susceptible to vancomycin, the high-level constitutive resistance seen in these isolates appears to be mediated by vanA. This is the first report confirming the presence of vanA in genera other than Enterococcus.
Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Blotting, Southern; Carbon-Oxygen Ligases; Cloning, Molecular; DNA Primers; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Feces; Genes, Bacterial; Humans; Ligases; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Sequence Data; Plasmids; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Vancomycin
PubMed: 8591934
DOI: 10.1093/jac/36.4.595 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Apr 2006Taxonomic studies were performed on 13 clinical isolates (ten of which were epidemiologically related) that had been previously identified as Oerskovia turbata....
Characterization of clinical isolates previously identified as Oerskovia turbata: proposal of Cellulosimicrobium funkei sp. nov. and emended description of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
Taxonomic studies were performed on 13 clinical isolates (ten of which were epidemiologically related) that had been previously identified as Oerskovia turbata. Comparative phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, indicated that the isolates are closely related to Cellulosimicrobium cellulans with sequence similarity values ranging from 99.5 to 99.8 %. Chemotaxonomic results (fatty acid profiles and menaquinones) supported the inclusion of these isolates in the genus Cellulosimicrobium. The DNA G+C content was 74.5 mol%. The results of DNA-DNA reassociation, whole-cell sugars (with galactose as the characteristic whole sugar) and phenotypic properties, including antimicrobial resistance, indicated that these isolates are representatives of a novel species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium. The name Cellulosimicrobium funkei sp. nov. is proposed for the novel strains, with strain W6122T (=ATCC BAA-886T = DSM 16025T = CCUG 50705T) as the type strain. The definition of this novel Cellulosimicrobium species will assist in the understanding of the epidemiology and clinical significance of these micro-organisms.
Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Cellulomonas; DNA, Ribosomal; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 16585698
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.63882-0 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Oct 1978Motile actinomycetes capable of degrading walls of viable yeast cells were isolated from soil and identified as Oerskovia xanthineolytica. A lytic assay based on...
Motile actinomycetes capable of degrading walls of viable yeast cells were isolated from soil and identified as Oerskovia xanthineolytica. A lytic assay based on susceptibility of enzyme-treated cells to osmotic shock was developed, and 10 of 15 strains of O. xanthineolytica, Oerskovia turbata, and nonmotile Oerskovia- like organisms from other collections were found to possess yeast lytic activities. All lytic strains produced laminaranase and alpha-mannanase, but the amounts, determined by reducing group assays, were not proportional to the observed lytic activities. The Oerskovia isolates demonstrated chemotactic, predatory activity against various yeast strains and killed yeasts in mixed cultures. Of 15 carbon sources tested for production of lytic enzyme, purified yeast cell walls elicited the highest activity. Glucose repressed enzyme production and caused cells to remain in the microfilamentous and motile rod stages of the Oerskovia cell cycle. Crude lytic activity was optimal at pH 5.6 to 7.0 and inactivated by heating for 6 min at 50 degrees C. Partial purification by isoelectric focusing showed that all lytic activity was associated with four beta-(1-->3)-glucanases. The absence of protein disulfide reductase, N-acetyl-beta-d-hexosaminidase, and phosphomannanase in crude preparations indicated that the principal enzyme responsible for yeast wall lysis was a beta-(1-->3)-glucanase that produced relatively little reducing sugar from yeast glucan.
PubMed: 16345321
DOI: 10.1128/aem.36.4.594-605.1978 -
Zentralblatt Fur Bakteriologie :... Jan 1995The enzyme N-acylneuraminate glycohydrolase, E.C. 3.2.1.18 (sialidase or neuraminidase) was detected in all five strains of Oerskovia (Cellulomonas) turbata and in a...
The enzyme N-acylneuraminate glycohydrolase, E.C. 3.2.1.18 (sialidase or neuraminidase) was detected in all five strains of Oerskovia (Cellulomonas) turbata and in a further strain isolated from clinical material. The detection of sialidase was performed by different methods, i.e. colorimetric determination of liberated chromogen, immunoelectrophoresis and paper chromatography. The Oerskovia turbata sialidase is able to cleave different linkages between N-acylneuraminic acid and the carbohydrate chains of oligosaccharides or polysaccharides and of glycoproteins, i.e. the 2-->3, 2-->6, and 2-->8 linkages. Finally, the ecologic and pathogenic role of neuraminidase is discussed.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Neuraminidase; Soil Microbiology
PubMed: 7734824
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of General Microbiology Jun 1977Menaquinones were the only isoprenoid quinones found in 48 corynebacteria and actinomycete strains examined. Dihydromenaquinones having nine isoprene units were the main...
Menaquinones were the only isoprenoid quinones found in 48 corynebacteria and actinomycete strains examined. Dihydromenaquinones having nine isoprene units were the main components isolated from Gordona, Mycobacterium, Corynebacterium bovis, Corynebacterium glutamicum and a strain labelled Nocardia farcinica, but dihydromenaquinones having eight isoprene units were characteristic of other Corynebacterium species and representatives of the 'rhodochrous' complex. Tetrahydromenaquinones having six and eight isoprene units were found in Nocardia strains and in a single strain of Micropolyspora brevicatena, which also contained mycolic acids similar in chain length to those of Nocardia. Menaquinones having nine isoprene units with from one to five double bonds hydrogenated were the main components in Actinomadura madurae, Actinomadura pelletieri, Micropolyspora faeni, Oerskovia turbata and Streptomyces strains. Actinomadura dassonvillei strains had a characteristic pattern of di-, tetra- and hexahydromenaquinones with 10 isoprene units which was slightly different from the pattern in mixtures of similar quinones from Actinomyces israelii and Actinomyces viscosus.
Topics: Corynebacterium; Mass Spectrometry; Micromonosporaceae; Mycolic Acids; Quinones
PubMed: 894261
DOI: 10.1099/00221287-100-2-221 -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Aug 1990Twenty four strains representing eight species of gram positive yellow-pigmented rods (Oerskovia turbata, Oerskovia xanthineolytica, CDC Coryneform groups A-3, A-4, A-5,...
Cellular fatty acid composition of Oerskovia species, CDC Coryneform groups A-3, A-4, A-5, Corynebacterium aquaticum, Listeria denitrificans and Brevibacterium acetylicum.
Twenty four strains representing eight species of gram positive yellow-pigmented rods (Oerskovia turbata, Oerskovia xanthineolytica, CDC Coryneform groups A-3, A-4, A-5, Listeria denitrificans, Corynebacterium aquaticum and Brevibacterium acetylicum) were divided into two major groups based on the relative amounts of 12 methyltetradecanoate (15:0a) obtained by capillary gas liquid chromatography. O. turbata, O. xanthineolytica, CDC groups A-3 and A-4, L. denitrificans and C. aquaticum were placed in the first group due to the presence of a higher percentage (29-47%) of 15:0a, than CDC group A-5 and B. acetylicum. The latter contained 2-6% of this fatty acid, and were placed in the second group. All species in the two groups except C. aquaticum and CDC group A-4, were further separated from each other based on the qualitative and quantitative differences in their fatty acid compositions. In addition, the eight strains of CDC group A-5 revealed four different patterns and were further divided into four subgroups. This study supports the importance of the composition of cellular fatty acids in differentiating some closely related organisms.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Brevibacterium; Corynebacterium; Fatty Acids; Listeria
PubMed: 2124793
DOI: 10.1007/BF00422727 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Aug 1995CDC coryneform group A-3 and A-4 bacteria were defined by Hollis and Weaver in 1981, but their taxonomic position is still unclear. By using biochemical and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Identification of some clinical strains of CDC coryneform group A-3 and A-4 bacteria as Cellulomonas species and proposal of Cellulomonas hominis sp. nov. for some group A-3 strains.
CDC coryneform group A-3 and A-4 bacteria were defined by Hollis and Weaver in 1981, but their taxonomic position is still unclear. By using biochemical and chemotaxonomical methods, four clinical strains belonging to CDC coryneform groups A-3 (n = 2) and A-4 (n = 2) were studied and could be assigned to the genus Cellulomonas, resulting in the first description of Cellulomonas strains isolated from clinical specimens. CDC coryneform group A-3 and A-4 strains were compared with the type strains of the seven species constituting the genus Cellulomonas at present as well as with the closely related species Oerskovia turbata, Oerskovia xanthineolytica, and Jonesia denitrificans, but their biochemical patterns were not compatible with the patterns of any of those species. Almost the entire sequences of the 16S rRNA genes of one representative strain of both CDC taxa were determined, and comparative sequence analysis confirmed the placement of the CDC coryneform group A-3 and A-4 strains studied in the Cellulomonas-Oerskovia subbranch of the actinomycetes. Both CDC taxa exhibited > 99% base pair homology within their 16S rDNAs. On the basis of phenotypic and molecular data, we formally propose a new species, Cellulomonas hominis sp. nov., for the CDC coryneform group A-3 bacteria examined. The type strain is DSM 9581. The precise taxonomic status of the CDC coryneform group A-4 strains studied remains to be established by quantitative DNA-DNA hybridizations.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Sequence; DNA Primers; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Genes, Bacterial; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Phenotype; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Species Specificity
PubMed: 7559954
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.33.8.2091-2097.1995 -
Zeitschrift Fur Allgemeine Mikrobiologie 1981Bacteriophage O2 multiplies normally on Oerskovia turbata IMET 47 153. It has a burst size of about 100 p.f.u. per infected cell and a latent period of 100 min at 30...
Bacteriophage O2 multiplies normally on Oerskovia turbata IMET 47 153. It has a burst size of about 100 p.f.u. per infected cell and a latent period of 100 min at 30 degrees C. On Oerskovia xanthineolytica IMET 47 383 clear spots were formed after addition of high phage concentrations onto agar top layers. By phase contrast observation, and measurement of the optical density of infected cultures, it was found that the clearing effect on strain IMET 47 383 was due to lysis-from-without. Phage O2 adsorbs and injects its DNA into cells of strain IMET 47 383 but phage multiplication does not occur, and the phage DNA becomes degraded. Inhibition of phage DNA injection by the combined action of xanthotoxin -- u.v. irradiation abolished the clearing activity of phage lysates. Therefore, both adsorption and DNA injection seem to be prerequisites for the release of a lytic activity out of the phage particle, which is responsible for the clearing effect on strain IMET 47 383.
Topics: Adsorption; Bacteriophages; DNA, Viral; Lysogeny; Nocardiaceae; Virus Replication
PubMed: 7293244
DOI: 10.1002/jobm.3630210604