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Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jun 2004Oerskovia turbata is an unusual bacterial cause of endocarditis and septicemia in immunocompromised patients. In this study, we compared 12 isolates from a 1975 medical...
Oerskovia turbata is an unusual bacterial cause of endocarditis and septicemia in immunocompromised patients. In this study, we compared 12 isolates from a 1975 medical center cluster, 11 originally identified as O. turbata (four from the blood of a homograft aortic valve-associated endocarditis patient and seven from contaminated homograft valves) and one CDC group A-3 strain from the blood of a second endocarditis patient with fatal outcome, with eight control strains from unrelated locations. The control strains included type and reference strains of O. turbata, Cellulomonas hominis, and CDC group A-3. The four blood isolates from the first patient and six of the valve isolates shared identical biochemical, antimicrobial susceptibility, and BglI ribotype patterns that differed from the second patient's isolate and control strains. The blood isolate from the second patient and the remaining valve isolate shared a phenotypic and genotypic profile and were phenotypically identical to, but epidemiologically different from, the CDC group A-3 reference strain with the strain-specific enzyme. Also, these isolates differed from the type strain and the other reference strains of C. hominis and O. turbata. Our results indicate that the four blood isolates from the first patient and six of the homograft valve isolates represent a single clone of O. turbata associated with endocarditis. Additionally, our results indicate that the blood isolate from the second patient and one of the homograft valve isolates differ from O. turbata and C. hominis and represent a unique clone of CDC group A-3 associated with fatal endocarditis.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Heart Valves; Humans; Phylogeny; Ribotyping; Transplantation, Homologous
PubMed: 15184426
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.42.6.2495-2500.2004 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Oct 1978Motile actinomycetes capable of degrading walls of viable yeast cells were isolated from soil and identified as Oerskovia xanthineolytica. A lytic assay based on...
Motile actinomycetes capable of degrading walls of viable yeast cells were isolated from soil and identified as Oerskovia xanthineolytica. A lytic assay based on susceptibility of enzyme-treated cells to osmotic shock was developed, and 10 of 15 strains of O. xanthineolytica, Oerskovia turbata, and nonmotile Oerskovia- like organisms from other collections were found to possess yeast lytic activities. All lytic strains produced laminaranase and alpha-mannanase, but the amounts, determined by reducing group assays, were not proportional to the observed lytic activities. The Oerskovia isolates demonstrated chemotactic, predatory activity against various yeast strains and killed yeasts in mixed cultures. Of 15 carbon sources tested for production of lytic enzyme, purified yeast cell walls elicited the highest activity. Glucose repressed enzyme production and caused cells to remain in the microfilamentous and motile rod stages of the Oerskovia cell cycle. Crude lytic activity was optimal at pH 5.6 to 7.0 and inactivated by heating for 6 min at 50 degrees C. Partial purification by isoelectric focusing showed that all lytic activity was associated with four beta-(1-->3)-glucanases. The absence of protein disulfide reductase, N-acetyl-beta-d-hexosaminidase, and phosphomannanase in crude preparations indicated that the principal enzyme responsible for yeast wall lysis was a beta-(1-->3)-glucanase that produced relatively little reducing sugar from yeast glucan.
PubMed: 16345321
DOI: 10.1128/aem.36.4.594-605.1978 -
Case Reports in Ophthalmology 2019To present a previously unreported cause of bacterial endophthalmitis manifesting as delayed post-traumatic endophthalmitis ultimately responsive to total capsulectomy.
PURPOSE
To present a previously unreported cause of bacterial endophthalmitis manifesting as delayed post-traumatic endophthalmitis ultimately responsive to total capsulectomy.
CASE REPORT
A patient presented with chronic endophthalmitis that occurred after ocular trauma with organic material and was eventually isolated. After a prolonged treatment course, including two pars plana vitrectomies and total capsulectomy, the patient achieved 20/80 visual acuity at 1-year follow-up.
CONCLUSION
This is the first reported patient with endophthalmitis due to , a Gram-positive bacillus found in soil that rarely causes human infection. The infection had a delayed presentation despite early prophylactic antibiotics and was ultimately eliminated with total capsulectomy. Removal of lens and lens capsule may be necessary in the management of post-traumatic endophthalmitis unresponsive to more conservative therapy, particularly in cases involving atypical organisms and lens capsule violation.
PubMed: 31607896
DOI: 10.1159/000502413 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Aug 1995CDC coryneform group A-3 and A-4 bacteria were defined by Hollis and Weaver in 1981, but their taxonomic position is still unclear. By using biochemical and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Identification of some clinical strains of CDC coryneform group A-3 and A-4 bacteria as Cellulomonas species and proposal of Cellulomonas hominis sp. nov. for some group A-3 strains.
CDC coryneform group A-3 and A-4 bacteria were defined by Hollis and Weaver in 1981, but their taxonomic position is still unclear. By using biochemical and chemotaxonomical methods, four clinical strains belonging to CDC coryneform groups A-3 (n = 2) and A-4 (n = 2) were studied and could be assigned to the genus Cellulomonas, resulting in the first description of Cellulomonas strains isolated from clinical specimens. CDC coryneform group A-3 and A-4 strains were compared with the type strains of the seven species constituting the genus Cellulomonas at present as well as with the closely related species Oerskovia turbata, Oerskovia xanthineolytica, and Jonesia denitrificans, but their biochemical patterns were not compatible with the patterns of any of those species. Almost the entire sequences of the 16S rRNA genes of one representative strain of both CDC taxa were determined, and comparative sequence analysis confirmed the placement of the CDC coryneform group A-3 and A-4 strains studied in the Cellulomonas-Oerskovia subbranch of the actinomycetes. Both CDC taxa exhibited > 99% base pair homology within their 16S rDNAs. On the basis of phenotypic and molecular data, we formally propose a new species, Cellulomonas hominis sp. nov., for the CDC coryneform group A-3 bacteria examined. The type strain is DSM 9581. The precise taxonomic status of the CDC coryneform group A-4 strains studied remains to be established by quantitative DNA-DNA hybridizations.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Sequence; DNA Primers; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Genes, Bacterial; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Phenotype; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Species Specificity
PubMed: 7559954
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.33.8.2091-2097.1995 -
Applied Microbiology Mar 1970The genus Oerskovia is proposed to harbor actinomycetes forming an extensively branched substrate mycelium which usually breaks up into motile elements. Cell wall...
The genus Oerskovia is proposed to harbor actinomycetes forming an extensively branched substrate mycelium which usually breaks up into motile elements. Cell wall preparations contain major amounts of lysine and galactose. Aspartic acid is often present in major amounts. Aerial mycelium is not formed. Gram reaction and catalase production are positive. The type species is Oerskovia turbata comb. n.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Aspartic Acid; Catalase; Cell Wall; Galactose; Lysine; Nocardia
PubMed: 5440174
DOI: 10.1128/am.19.3.534-534.1970 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Jan 2011Isolation and characterization of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), mainly Enterococcus faecium, from the faecal pellet of wood frogs (Rana sylvatica).
AIM
Isolation and characterization of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), mainly Enterococcus faecium, from the faecal pellet of wood frogs (Rana sylvatica).
METHODS AND RESULTS
The frog VRE isolates were tested for their susceptibility to various antibiotics and were found resistant to ampicillin (Am), chloramphenicol (Cm), erythromycin (Em), gentamicin (Gm), tetracycline (Tc), teicoplanin (Tp) and vancomycin (Vn). The linkage of multiple antibiotic resistances to Em, Tc, Tp and Vn was observed in 84% of resistant Ent. faecium. Inducible antibiotic resistance (MIC ≥ 512 μg ml(-1) ) to Vn was also detected in these isolates. PCR analysis revealed the presence of vanA in all strains, and none of the strains were positive for vanB, indicating the existence of vanA phenotype. Furthermore, the PCR-RFLP analysis of the frog vanA amplicon with PstI, BamHI and SphI generated identical restriction patterns similar to Tn1546-like elements found in human VRE isolates. DNA homoduplex analysis also confirmed that vanA from the frog VRE has DNA sequence homology with the vanA of Tn1546-like elements of human and animal isolates. Blastx analysis of frog vanA sequence showed similarities with protein sequences generated from protein database of Vn-resistant Ent. faecium, Baccilus circulans, Paenibacillus apiarius and Oerskovia turbata isolates. Horizontal transfer of Vn resistance was not detected in frog isolates as revealed by filter mating conjugal experiment.
CONCLUSIONS
In summary, our results demonstrated that wood frogs carry Vn-resistant bacteria, and resistance genes (vanA) are located on Tn1546-like elements.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
This study highlights a previously less recognized role of amphibians as sentinels for multidrug-resistant bacteria and alerts the public health workers for an emerging risk of zoonotic bacterial infections to humans.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Carbon-Oxygen Ligases; DNA Transposable Elements; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Enterococcus faecium; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Ranidae; Vancomycin Resistance; Zoonoses
PubMed: 20880145
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04860.x -
Nefrologia : Publicacion Oficial de La... 2011
Review
Topics: Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascitic Fluid; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrectomy; Peritoneal Dialysis; Peritonitis; Postoperative Complications; Recurrence; Renal Dialysis; Species Specificity
PubMed: 21461020
DOI: 10.3265/Nefrologia.pre2010.Nov.10508 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Mar 1989A case of Broviac catheter-related bacteremia in a 3-year-old boy infected with Oerskovia turbata is discussed. The blood cultures of the patient remained positive...
A case of Broviac catheter-related bacteremia in a 3-year-old boy infected with Oerskovia turbata is discussed. The blood cultures of the patient remained positive despite antibiotic therapy, and only with catheter removal was his blood sterilized. The microbiology and antimicrobial susceptibilities of this organism are described.
Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Catheterization, Central Venous; Catheters, Indwelling; Child, Preschool; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Male; Nocardiaceae; Sepsis
PubMed: 2715328
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.27.3.571-572.1989 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Apr 2005CDC coryneform group A-3 bacteria are rare human pathogens. In this study, six group A-3 isolates (two from blood, one from cerebrospinal fluid, and one each from...
CDC coryneform group A-3 bacteria are rare human pathogens. In this study, six group A-3 isolates (two from blood, one from cerebrospinal fluid, and one each from homograft valve, lip wound, and pilonidal cyst) were compared to the type strains of phenotypically related organisms, Cellulomonas fimi, Cellulomonas hominis, Oerskovia turbata, and Sanguibacter suarezii, and characterized by phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genotypic studies. DNA-DNA reassociation analysis identified two genomic groups, and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence identified the taxonomic positions of these groups to genus level. Two groups were defined, and both were more closely related to Cellulomonas species: one group of three strains, for which we propose the new species Cellulomonas denverensis sp. nov., with the type strain W6929 (ATCC BAA-788(T) or DSM 15764(T)), was related to C. hominis ATCC 51964(T) (98.5% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), and the second group of three strains was related to C. hominis ATCC 51964(T) (99.8 to 99.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The definition of this new Cellulomonas species and the confirmation of three strains as C. hominis serve to further clarify the complex taxonomy of CDC coryneform group A-3 bacteria and will assist in our understanding of the epidemiology and clinical significance of these microorganisms.
Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Cellulomonas; DNA, Ribosomal; Fatty Acids; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Phenotype; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 15814993
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.43.4.1732-1737.2005