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Advances in Respiratory Medicine 2019Pulmonary function testing involves a battery of tests from the simple pulse oximetry to the cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is one of the...
Pulmonary function testing involves a battery of tests from the simple pulse oximetry to the cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is one of the newly described pulmonary function tests. It is based on the old principle of forced oscillatory technique modified and refined as per research and advances. It involves the use of sound waves during normal tidal breathing, which gives information on oscillatory pressure-flow relationships and eventually resistance and reactance. The resistance at 20 Hz (R20) represents the resistance of the large airways. The resistance at 5 Hz (R5) means the total airway resistance. (R5-R20) reflects resistance in the small airways. The reactance at 5 Hz (X5) indicates the elastic recoil of the peripheral airways. Resonant frequency and area of reactance are also measured. IOS has major uses in diagnosis and control of asthma in children and the elderly, where spirometry is otherwise normal. IOS has been studied in other respiratory diseases like COPD, ILD and supraglottic stenosis.
Topics: Humans; Oscillometry; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Reproducibility of Results; Respiratory Function Tests
PubMed: 31476011
DOI: 10.5603/ARM.a2019.0039 -
Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology... Mar 2011To provide an overview of impulse oscillometry and its application to the evaluation of children with diseases of the airways. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To provide an overview of impulse oscillometry and its application to the evaluation of children with diseases of the airways.
DATA SOURCES
Medline and PubMed search, limited to English language and human disease, with keywords forced oscillation, impulse oscillometry, and asthma.
STUDY SELECTIONS
The opinions of the authors were used to select studies for inclusion in this review.
RESULTS
Impulse oscillometry is a noninvasive and rapid technique requiring only passive cooperation by the patient. Pressure oscillations are applied at the mouth to measure pulmonary resistance and reactance. It is employed by health care professionals to help diagnose pediatric pulmonary diseases such asthma and cystic fibrosis; assess therapeutic responses; and measure airway resistance during provocation testing.
CONCLUSIONS
Impulse oscillometry provides a rapid, noninvasive measure of airway impedance. It may be easily employed in the diagnosis and management of diseases of the airways in children.
Topics: Child; Humans; Oscillometry; Respiratory Tract Diseases
PubMed: 21354020
DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2010.11.011 -
Physiological Measurement Apr 2022. Recent studies in respiratory system impedance (Zrs) with single-frequency oscillometry have demonstrated the utility of novel intra-breath measures of Zrs in the...
. Recent studies in respiratory system impedance (Zrs) with single-frequency oscillometry have demonstrated the utility of novel intra-breath measures of Zrs in the detection of pathological alterations in respiratory mechanics. In the present work, we addressed the feasibility of extracting intra-breath information from Zrs data sets obtained with conventional oscillometry.. Multi-frequency recordings obtained in a pulmonology practice were re-analysed to track the 11 Hz component of Zrs during normal breathing and compare the intra-breath measures to that obtained with a single 10 Hz signal in the same subjects. A nonlinear model was employed to simulate changes in Zrs in the breathing cycle. The values of resistance () and reactance () at end expiration and end inspiration and their corresponding differences (Δand Δ) were compared.. All intra-breath measures exhibited similar mean values at 10 and 11 Hz in each subject; however, the variabilities were higher at 11 Hz, especially for Δand Δ. The poorer quality of the 11 Hz data was primarily caused by the overlapping of modulation side lobes of adjacent oscillation frequencies. This cross-talk was enhanced by double breathing frequency components due to flow nonlinearities.. Retrospective intra-breath assessment of large or special data bases of conventional oscillometry can be performed to better characterise respiratory mechanics in different populations and disease groups. The results also have implications in the optimum design of multiple-frequency oscillometry (avoidance of densely spaced frequencies) and the use of filtering procedures that preserve the intra-breath modulation information.
Topics: Electric Impedance; Humans; Oscillometry; Respiratory Mechanics; Respiratory System; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35263717
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ac5bef -
Hong Kong Medical Journal = Xianggang... Oct 2020
Topics: Blood Pressure Determination; History, 20th Century; Humans; Medical Illustration; Oscillometry; Sphygmomanometers
PubMed: 33089799
DOI: 10.12809/hkmj-hkmms202010 -
Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia Mar 2023To evaluate the agreement between high-definition oscillometry (HDO) used on the metatarsus or tail base with invasive arterial blood pressures measured in the dorsal...
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the agreement between high-definition oscillometry (HDO) used on the metatarsus or tail base with invasive arterial blood pressures measured in the dorsal pedal artery in anaesthetised cheetahs.
STUDY DESIGN
Prospective clinical study.
ANIMALS
A group of 13 captive adult cheetahs.
METHODS
Cheetahs were immobilised with medetomidine (32-45 μg kg) and tiletamine/zolazepam (0.93-1.39 mg kg) administered intramuscularly, and anaesthesia was maintained with either isoflurane in oxygen or continuous propofol infusion. Invasive blood pressure was measured via a 20 gauge intra-arterial catheter in the dorsal pedal artery in the metatarsus and used as a reference method for pressures simultaneously estimated using HDO on the contralateral metatarsus and tail base. Bland-Altman plots (for repeated measurements) and criteria defined by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) were used to compare agreement according to the anatomical location of the cuff, the anaesthetic maintenance agent and magnitude of the blood pressure.
RESULTS
A total of 147 paired measurements were obtained with HDO on the metatarsus and 135 on the tail. Agreement with invasive pressures was better when HDO was used on the tail (rather than on the metatarsus) with all ACVIM criteria being met. Mean bias (a positive bias meaning that HDO overestimated the invasively measured pressures) ± standard deviation of differences for systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures were -7.0 ± 13.9, 4.2 ±12.1 and 4.6 ±11.2 mmHg, respectively, for HDO on the tail, and -11.9 ±15.1, 2.8 ±16.5 and 2.1 ±13.2 mmHg, respectively, for HDO on the metatarsus. Agreement was better during isoflurane anaesthesia than propofol, and at lower blood pressures than at higher.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
When used on the tail base of anaesthetised cheetahs, HDO met the ACVIM validation criteria for a noninvasive device, as compared to invasively measured pressures in the dorsal pedal artery.
Topics: Animals; Arterial Pressure; Acinonyx; Propofol; Isoflurane; Oscillometry; Prospective Studies; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Determination
PubMed: 36669927
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2022.11.009 -
Respiratory Care May 2018Impulse oscillometry is a method of airway assessment and diagnosis that provides data on lung mechanics. In the literature, studies have used different types of...
BACKGROUND
Impulse oscillometry is a method of airway assessment and diagnosis that provides data on lung mechanics. In the literature, studies have used different types of mouthpieces or did not describe the model used for the tests. We sought to compare the 3 most commonly described mouthpieces in terms of test results, comfort, and subject preference.
METHODS
Thirty-nine healthy volunteers were evaluated with spirometry and impulse oscillometry, assessing the resistance at 5 Hz and 20 Hz (R5 and R20, respectively), reactance at 5 Hz (X5), reactance area, and resonant frequency. A filter heat exchanger with a circular mouthpiece (B1), a filter heat exchanger with an oval mouthpiece (B2), and a filter heat exchanger with a circular mouthpiece coupled with a free-flow piece (B3) were compared using an acceptability and tolerance scale, and subjects noted their preference.
RESULTS
Statistical analysis showed differences between all the mouthpieces and the predicted values for R5, R20, and X5. The mouthpiece comparison showed differences in R5 between a filter heat exchanger with an oval mouthpiece (B2) and a circular mouthpiece coupled with a free-flow piece (B3) ( = .007); resonant frequency between a filter heat exchanger with a circular mouthpiece (B1) and a filter heat exchanger with an oval mouthpiece (B2) ( = .004) and between a filter heat exchanger with a circular mouthpiece (B1) and a circular mouthpiece coupled with a free-flow piece (B3) ( = .003); and reactance area between a filter heat exchanger with a circular mouthpiece (B1) and a circular mouthpiece coupled with a free-flow piece (B3) ( = .01). In the subjective evaluation, acceptability and tolerance differences were found in the ease of carrying out the evaluation, and no difference was found with regard to the degree of discomfort. Ten subjects preferred a filter heat exchanger with a circular mouthpiece (B1), 15 preferred a filter heat exchanger with an oval mouthpiece (B2), and 14 preferred a circular mouthpiece coupled with a free-flow piece (B3).
CONCLUSIONS
A circular mouthpiece coupled with a free-flow piece (B3) appeared to be the most suitable mouthpiece for the impulse oscillometry tests. It assured smaller impedance values for the respiratory system, and subjects expressed the most confidence in using this mouthpiece.
Topics: Adult; Airway Resistance; Equipment Design; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Lung; Male; Oscillometry; Respiratory Function Tests; Respiratory Mechanics
PubMed: 29487095
DOI: 10.4187/respcare.05471 -
Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) Jan 2011The use of the impulse oscillometry system (IOS) allows differentiated lung function testing with a minimum of cooperation at normal tidal breathing. The aim of this...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
The use of the impulse oscillometry system (IOS) allows differentiated lung function testing with a minimum of cooperation at normal tidal breathing. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the association of body mass (overweight and obese) with oscillometric parameters in preschool children.
METHODS
A preschool medical check of 518 children (age 6.01 ± 0.25 years) included IOS recordings of airway resistance and lung reactance (MasterScreen IOS, CareFusion, Höchberg, Germany). Measured values of respiratory resistance (R5) and reactance (X5) at 5 Hz were correlated with BMI. In addition, data were compared with recently published reference equations.
RESULTS
In this young age group of 241 boys and 277 girls there was no significant association between oscillometric parameters and BMI. When compared with current IOS reference values of healthy subjects the relationship of R5 (109 ± 25%) and X5 (105.5 ± 35%) suggested mildly elevated peripheral resistance in this unselected group of preschool children.
CONCLUSIONS
IOS is ideally suited to obtain measurements of respiratory function in preschool children. At the age of 6 years, standard oscillometric values do not indicate impaired respiratory function associated with increased BMI.
Topics: Airway Resistance; Body Mass Index; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Lung; Male; Obesity; Oscillometry; Respiratory Function Tests
PubMed: 21114710
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2010.01906.x -
Scientific Reports Aug 2019Impedance, or oscillometry, measurements of the respiratory system can generate information about the function of the respiratory system not possible with traditional...
Impedance, or oscillometry, measurements of the respiratory system can generate information about the function of the respiratory system not possible with traditional spirometry. There are currently several instruments on the market using different perturbations. We have compared a new respiratory oscillometry instrument, the tremoflo, with Impulse Oscillometry (IOS). Patients with a physician's diagnosis of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) and healthy subjects were recruited. They underwent assessment of respiratory function with oscillometry using the IOS and tremoflo devices and the resulting impedance data from the two methods were compared. The two devices were also tested against a reference respiratory phantom with variable resistances. Whereas both devices detected impairments in the patients' lung function commensurate with small airways pathology, the tremoflo appeared to be more sensitive than the IOS. We found systematic differences between the two instruments especially for reactance measurements where the area over the reactance curve (AX) was significantly lower with the IOS compared with the tremoflo (p < 0.001). Moreover, the agreement between the two devices was reduced with increasing severity of the disease as determined with a Bland-Altman test. Testing both instruments against a respiratory phantom unit confirmed that the resistance measured by the tremoflo compares closely with the known resistance of test loads, whereas the IOS' resistance correlated with a test load of 0.19, kPa.s.L at higher loads it deviated significantly from the known resistance (p < 0.0028). We conclude that the absolute values measured with the two devices may not be directly comparable and suggest that differences in the calibration procedures might account for the differences.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oscillometry; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Respiratory Function Tests
PubMed: 31406190
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48039-x -
The European Respiratory Journal Dec 2008
Topics: Asthma; Bronchodilator Agents; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Oscillometry; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Spirometry
PubMed: 19043021
DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00091508 -
Seminars in Roentgenology Oct 1975
Topics: Doppler Effect; Humans; Oscillometry; Ultrasonics
PubMed: 1188398
DOI: 10.1016/0037-198x(75)90046-2