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Advances in Respiratory Medicine 2019Pulmonary function testing involves a battery of tests from the simple pulse oximetry to the cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is one of the...
Pulmonary function testing involves a battery of tests from the simple pulse oximetry to the cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is one of the newly described pulmonary function tests. It is based on the old principle of forced oscillatory technique modified and refined as per research and advances. It involves the use of sound waves during normal tidal breathing, which gives information on oscillatory pressure-flow relationships and eventually resistance and reactance. The resistance at 20 Hz (R20) represents the resistance of the large airways. The resistance at 5 Hz (R5) means the total airway resistance. (R5-R20) reflects resistance in the small airways. The reactance at 5 Hz (X5) indicates the elastic recoil of the peripheral airways. Resonant frequency and area of reactance are also measured. IOS has major uses in diagnosis and control of asthma in children and the elderly, where spirometry is otherwise normal. IOS has been studied in other respiratory diseases like COPD, ILD and supraglottic stenosis.
Topics: Humans; Oscillometry; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Reproducibility of Results; Respiratory Function Tests
PubMed: 31476011
DOI: 10.5603/ARM.a2019.0039 -
Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia :... 2022To compare impulse oscillometry parameters between healthy children and adolescents with symptoms of rhinitis and those without.
OBJECTIVE
To compare impulse oscillometry parameters between healthy children and adolescents with symptoms of rhinitis and those without.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional analytical study of healthy individuals 7-14 years of age. Health status was determined through the use of questionnaires. We performed anthropometric measurements, impulse oscillometry, and spirometry.
RESULTS
The sample comprised 62 students, with a mean age of 9.58 ± 2.08 years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 17.96 ± 3.10 kg/m2. The students were divided into two groups: those with symptoms of rhinitis (n = 29) and those without such symptoms (n = 33). The oscillometry results and anthropometric parameters were normal in both groups and did not differ significantly between the two. The variables age, height, and body mass, respectively, correlated negatively and moderately with most of the following parameters: total airway resistance (r = -0.529, r = -0.548, and r = -0.433); central airway resistance (r = -0.441, r = -0.468, and r = -0.439); respiratory impedance (r = -0.549, r = -0.567, and r = -0.455); reactance at 5 Hz (r = 0.506, r = -0.525, and r = -0.414); reactance area (r = -0.459, r = -0.471, and r = -0.358); and resonance frequency (r = -0.353, r = -0.371, and r = -0.293). We found that BMI did not correlate significantly with any of the parameters evaluated. The same was true when we analyzed each group in isolation.
CONCLUSIONS
In our sample, impulse oscillometry parameters did not differ between the students who had symptoms of rhinitis and those who did not.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Oscillometry; Respiratory Function Tests; Rhinitis; Spirometry
PubMed: 35857937
DOI: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20190021 -
Brazilian Journal of Medical and... 2023Scoliosis is a condition that affects the spine and causes chest rotation and trunk distortion. Individuals with severe deformities may experience dyspnea on exertion...
Scoliosis is a condition that affects the spine and causes chest rotation and trunk distortion. Individuals with severe deformities may experience dyspnea on exertion and develop respiratory failure. Respiratory oscillometry is a simple and non-invasive method that provides detailed information on lung mechanics. This work aims to investigate the potential of oscillometry in the evaluation of respiratory mechanics in patients with scoliosis and its association with physical performance. We analyzed 32 volunteers in the control group and 32 in the scoliosis group. The volunteers underwent traditional pulmonary function tests, oscillometry, and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Oscillometric analysis showed increased values of resistance at 4 Hz (R4, P<0.01), 12 Hz (R12, P<0.0001), and 20 Hz (R20, P<0.01). Similar analysis showed reductions in dynamic compliance (Cdyn, P<0.001) and ventilation homogeneity, as evaluated by resonance frequency (fr, P<0.001) and reactance area (Ax, P<0.001). Respiratory work, described by the impedance modulus, also showed increased values (Z4, P<0.01). Functional capacity was reduced in the group with scoliosis (P<0.001). A significant direct correlation was found between Cobb angle and R12, AX, and Z4 (P=0.0237, P=0.0338, and P=0.0147, respectively), and an inverse correlation was found between Cdyn and Cobb angle (P=0.0190). These results provided new information on respiratory mechanics in scoliosis and are consistent with the involved pathophysiology, suggesting that oscillometry may improve lung function tests for patients with scoliosis.
Topics: Humans; Scoliosis; Oscillometry; Lung; Respiratory Function Tests; Respiratory Mechanics
PubMed: 37937601
DOI: 10.1590/1414-431X2023e12898 -
Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology... Mar 2011To provide an overview of impulse oscillometry and its application to the evaluation of children with diseases of the airways. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To provide an overview of impulse oscillometry and its application to the evaluation of children with diseases of the airways.
DATA SOURCES
Medline and PubMed search, limited to English language and human disease, with keywords forced oscillation, impulse oscillometry, and asthma.
STUDY SELECTIONS
The opinions of the authors were used to select studies for inclusion in this review.
RESULTS
Impulse oscillometry is a noninvasive and rapid technique requiring only passive cooperation by the patient. Pressure oscillations are applied at the mouth to measure pulmonary resistance and reactance. It is employed by health care professionals to help diagnose pediatric pulmonary diseases such asthma and cystic fibrosis; assess therapeutic responses; and measure airway resistance during provocation testing.
CONCLUSIONS
Impulse oscillometry provides a rapid, noninvasive measure of airway impedance. It may be easily employed in the diagnosis and management of diseases of the airways in children.
Topics: Child; Humans; Oscillometry; Respiratory Tract Diseases
PubMed: 21354020
DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2010.11.011 -
Hong Kong Medical Journal = Xianggang... Oct 2020
Topics: Blood Pressure Determination; History, 20th Century; Humans; Medical Illustration; Oscillometry; Sphygmomanometers
PubMed: 33089799
DOI: 10.12809/hkmj-hkmms202010 -
F1000Research 2018Oscillatory input to networks, as indicated by field potentials, must entrain neuronal firing to be a causal agent in brain activity. Even when the oscillatory input is... (Review)
Review
Oscillatory input to networks, as indicated by field potentials, must entrain neuronal firing to be a causal agent in brain activity. Even when the oscillatory input is prominent, entrainment of firing is not a foregone conclusion but depends on the intrinsic dynamics of the postsynaptic neurons, including cell type-specific resonances, and background firing rates. Within any local network of neurons, only a subset of neurons may have their firing entrained by an oscillating synaptic input, and oscillations of different frequency may engage separate subsets of neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Models, Neurological; Neurons; Oscillometry
PubMed: 30613382
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.16451.1 -
Indian Journal of Pediatrics Aug 2023Lung function testing is an essential modality of investigation in children as it provides objective evidence of lung disease/health. With advances in technology,... (Review)
Review
Lung function testing is an essential modality of investigation in children as it provides objective evidence of lung disease/health. With advances in technology, various tests are available that can aid in the diagnosis of lung disease, assess the progression and response to therapy and document the lung development and evolving lung diseases in infants. This narrative review discusses lung function tests in infants and children. Currently, lung function tests can be performed in every age group, from neonates to the elderly. Spirometry and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) are the most employed tests in children more than six years of age. Spirometry helps diagnose and monitoring of both obstructive and restrictive diseases. There is a need for expertise to perform and interpret spirometry correctly. The forced oscillation technique (FOT) or impulse oscillometry (IOS) is done with tidal volume breathing and is feasible even in preschool children. Their utility is mainly restricted to asthma in children at present. Lung function tests can be performed in neonates, infants and children using infant pulmonary function test (PFT) equipment, although their availability is limited. Diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is a valuable tool in restrictive lung diseases. Lung volumes can be assessed by body plethysmography and multiple washout technique. The latter can also assess lung clearance index. It is essential to perform and interpret the lung function test results correctly and correlate them with the clinical condition for optimum treatment and outcome.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Infant, Newborn; Infant; Humans; Aged; Oscillometry; Respiratory Function Tests; Lung; Asthma; Spirometry; Forced Expiratory Volume
PubMed: 37261706
DOI: 10.1007/s12098-023-04588-8 -
Respiratory Research Sep 2022While optimizing spirometry is a challenge for lung function labs, long-term variability if any between IOS (impulse oscillometry) parameters and spirometry is not...
BACKGROUND
While optimizing spirometry is a challenge for lung function labs, long-term variability if any between IOS (impulse oscillometry) parameters and spirometry is not clearly known in stable COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and chronic asthma. The forced oscillation technique is increasingly employed in routine lung function testing. Our aim in this study was to determine the variability in oscillometric parameters between clinic visits over weeks or months in two patient groups during a period of clinical stability. Moreover, the research assessed relationships between IOS parameters long-term variability and COPD severity.
METHODS
We used data from 73 patients with stable COPD and 119 patients with stable asthma at the Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University. Patients were included if they had three or more clinic visits where spirometry and IOS were performed during a clinically stable period. Data recorded from the first three visits were used. The standard deviation (SDbv), the coefficient of variation (COV), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the coefficient of repeatability (COR) were calculated, Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test was used for data that did not conform to normality of distributions, Kruskal Wallis test was used to compare with multiple groups, post hoc comparison was analyzed by Bonferroni, Spearman correlation coefficients for non-parametric data, the multiple regression analyses to determine the relationship between long-term variability and airflow obstruction.
RESULTS
(1) The repeatability of IOS resistance parameters with ICC values > 0.8 was high in COPD and asthma. ICC values of IOS resistance parameters were higher than IOS reactance parameters; (2) the repeatability of spirometry parameters with ICC values < 0.8 was lower than IOS resistance parameters in different GOLD (the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) stages, the higher the stage the worse the repeatability; (3) the severity of airflow obstruction was correlated with long-term variability of R5 (R at 5 Hz) (P < 0.05) in GOLD4, not with long-term variability of R20 (R at 20 Hz) (P > 0.05) and R5-R20 (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
IOS resistance parameters have good long-term repeatability in asthma and COPD. Additionally, repeatability of spirometry parameters is lower than IOS resistance parameters in different GOLD stages.
Topics: Asthma; China; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Oscillometry; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Spirometry
PubMed: 36131305
DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02185-5 -
Pediatric Pulmonology Jul 2022Spirometry plays an important role in the assessment of possible respiratory failure in children with neuromuscular diseases (NMDs). However, obtaining reliable...
INTRODUCTION
Spirometry plays an important role in the assessment of possible respiratory failure in children with neuromuscular diseases (NMDs). However, obtaining reliable spirometry results is a major challenge. We studied the relation between oscillometry and spirometry results. Oscillometry is an easy, noninvasive method to measure respiratory resistance R and reactance X. We hypothesized an increased R and reduced X in patients with more reduced lung function.
METHODS
In this prospective single-center study, we included all children with NMDs able to perform spirometry. We consecutively measured R and X at 5, 11, and 19 Hz and (forced) vital capacity, peak expiratory flow. Spearman correlation coefficients and positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Regression curves were estimated.
RESULTS
We included 148 patients, median age 13 years (interquartile range: 8-16). A negative correlation was found between R and spirometry outcomes (Spearman correlation coefficient [ρ]: -0.5 to -0.6, p < 0.001). A positive correlation was found between X (i.e., less negative outcomes) and spirometry outcomes (ρ: 0.4-0.6, p < 0.001). Highest correlation was found at lower frequencies. Regression analysis showed a nonlinear relation. Measurement of inspiratory and expiratory R and X did not provide added value. Positive predictive values of 80%-85% were found for z-scores of R measured at 5 Hz versus (F)VC ≤ 60%.
CONCLUSION
We found a nonlinear relation between oscillometry and spirometry results with increased R and reduced X in patients with more restrictive lung function decline. Given the difficulties with performing spirometry, oscillometry may be a promising substitute.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Lung; Neuromuscular Diseases; Oscillometry; Prospective Studies; Spirometry
PubMed: 35441830
DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25923 -
Anesthesiology Feb 2021The optimal method for blood pressure monitoring in obese surgical patients remains unknown. Arterial catheters can cause potential complications, and noninvasive...
BACKGROUND
The optimal method for blood pressure monitoring in obese surgical patients remains unknown. Arterial catheters can cause potential complications, and noninvasive oscillometry provides only intermittent values. Finger cuff methods allow continuous noninvasive monitoring. The authors tested the hypothesis that the agreement between finger cuff and intraarterial measurements is better than the agreement between oscillometric and intraarterial measurements.
METHODS
This prospective study compared intraarterial (reference method), finger cuff, and oscillometric (upper arm, forearm, and lower leg) blood pressure measurements in 90 obese patients having bariatric surgery using Bland-Altman analysis, four-quadrant plot and concordance analysis (to assess the ability of monitoring methods to follow blood pressure changes), and error grid analysis (to describe the clinical relevance of measurement differences).
RESULTS
The difference (mean ± SD) between finger cuff and intraarterial measurements was -1 mmHg (± 11 mmHg) for mean arterial pressure, -7 mmHg (± 14 mmHg) for systolic blood pressure, and 0 mmHg (± 11 mmHg) for diastolic blood pressure. Concordance between changes in finger cuff and intraarterial measurements was 88% (mean arterial pressure), 85% (systolic blood pressure), and 81% (diastolic blood pressure). In error grid analysis comparing finger cuff and intraarterial measurements, the proportions of measurements in risk zones A to E were 77.1%, 21.6%, 0.9%, 0.4%, and 0.0% for mean arterial pressure, respectively, and 89.5%, 9.8%, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.2%, respectively, for systolic blood pressure. For mean arterial pressure and diastolic blood pressure, absolute agreement and trending agreement between finger cuff and intraarterial measurements were better than between oscillometric (at each of the three measurement sites) and intraarterial measurements. Forearm performed better than upper arm and lower leg monitoring with regard to absolute agreement and trending agreement with intraarterial monitoring.
CONCLUSIONS
The agreement between finger cuff and intraarterial measurements was better than the agreement between oscillometric and intraarterial measurements for mean arterial pressure and diastolic blood pressure in obese patients during surgery. Forearm oscillometry exhibits better measurement performance than upper arm or lower leg oscillometry.
Topics: Bariatric Surgery; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Determination; Catheterization, Peripheral; Female; Fingers; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Intraoperative; Obesity; Oscillometry; Prospective Studies; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 33326001
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000003636