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The American Journal of Tropical... Apr 2017
Topics: Animals; Echinococcosis; Echinococcus granulosus; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Pancreas; Pancreatic Diseases; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 28500819
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0713 -
Pancreas 1992Islet-like cell clusters (ICCs) prepared from human fetal pancreases were infected with mumps or coxsackie B3 virus. Double-labeled antibody technique showed that the...
Islet-like cell clusters (ICCs) prepared from human fetal pancreases were infected with mumps or coxsackie B3 virus. Double-labeled antibody technique showed that the viruses infected both insulin-secreting and other pancreatic cells and that secretion of immunoreactive insulin into the culture medium of the mumps virus-infected cells had already ceased on day 7. The mumps virus-infected ICC clusters produced virus for 14 days, and the mumps virus antigen was detected in the ICCs through the whole 22-day observation period. The coxsackie B3 virus-infected ICCs contained cells highly positive for viral antigen during the first 2 days after infection, and the infectious virus was detected in the culture medium for 22 days. This in vitro model indicates that mumps and coxsackie B3 viruses infect human fetal pancreatic endocrine cells and are able to alter beta-cell function. Coxsackie B3 virus infection in ICCs is lytical and seems to lead to rapid cell destruction, but long-lasting, restricted mumps virus infection in human fetal pancreatic ICCs offers an interesting model to study the effects of viral infection in the endocrine pancreas and beta cell.
Topics: Cells, Cultured; Coxsackievirus Infections; Enterovirus B, Human; Fetus; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Humans; Insulin; Islets of Langerhans; Mumps; Mumps virus; Pancreas; Radioimmunoassay; Time Factors; Virus Replication
PubMed: 1322538
DOI: 10.1097/00006676-199207000-00007 -
Pancreas Sep 1993Infections from enteric bacteria are a major cause of morbidity and mortality during acute pancreatitis (AP), but the pathways by which these organisms reach distant...
Infections from enteric bacteria are a major cause of morbidity and mortality during acute pancreatitis (AP), but the pathways by which these organisms reach distant organs remains speculative. Experiments were conducted to determine if bacterial translocation could be a mechanism for infection during this disease. AP was induced in Lewis rats by i.v. infusion of caerulein (experiment I) or ligation of the head of the pancreas (experiment II). In a third experiment, rats were gavaged with 1 x 10(8) 14C-radiolabeled Escherichia coli and pancreatitis was induced with caerulein. Results in all three experiments showed that AP increased the number of viable bacteria recovered in peritoneal fluid, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), liver, lungs, and pancreas. Radionuclide counting indicated that AP enhanced the gut permeability to 14C E. coli. To estimate the impact of AP on the magnitude of translocation and on the ability of the host to clear bacteria, the nuclide and colony-forming units (CFU) ratios were calculated between animals with and without AP. Blood, peritoneal fluid, and MLN had the highest nuclide ratio. During AP, these tissues may be the principal routes for bacterial spreading from the gut lumen. Peritoneal fluid, pancreas, and lung were the tissues with the highest CFU ratio. Bacterial killing ability of these tissues is likely impaired during AP.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Ascitic Fluid; Ceruletide; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Ligation; Liver; Lung; Lymph Nodes; Male; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew
PubMed: 8302791
DOI: No ID Found -
PloS One Oct 2009Several species of wild raptors have been found in Eurasia infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1. Should HPAIV (H5N1) reach North...
Several species of wild raptors have been found in Eurasia infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1. Should HPAIV (H5N1) reach North America in migratory birds, species of raptors are at risk not only from environmental exposure, but also from consuming infected birds and carcasses. In this study we used American kestrels as a representative species of a North American raptor to examine the effects of HPAIV (H5N1) infection in terms of dose response, viral shedding, pathology, and survival. Our data showed that kestrels are highly susceptible to HPAIV (H5N1). All birds typically died or were euthanized due to severe neurologic disease within 4-5 days of inoculation and shed significant amounts of virus both orally and cloacally, regardless of dose administered. The most consistent microscopic lesions were necrosis in the brain and pancreas. This is the first experimental study of HPAIV infection in a North American raptor and highlights the potential risks to birds of prey if HPAIV (H5N1) is introduced into North America.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Immunohistochemistry; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; Influenza in Birds; Necrosis; Orthomyxoviridae Infections; Pancreas; Raptors; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Species Specificity; Virus Shedding
PubMed: 19847294
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007555 -
Acta Medica Indonesiana Oct 2021Pancreatic and peripancreatic tuberculosis is a rare abdominal tuberculosis. Diagnosis for pancreatic tuberculosis can be challenging. Conventional imaging tools may...
Pancreatic and peripancreatic tuberculosis is a rare abdominal tuberculosis. Diagnosis for pancreatic tuberculosis can be challenging. Conventional imaging tools may show mass or malignancy in the pancreas. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is an excellent tools for evaluating pancreas and peri pancreas region. It also allows us to obtain tissue sample for cytology and histopathology. Here we present a case of peripancreatic tuberculosis lymphadenopathy that mimic pancreatic mass. His symptoms were also nonspecific (weight loss, epigastric pain, and irregular fever). From EUS evaluation we found that there was no mass but multiple lymphadenopathy around the pancreas and then performed FNA. The result of the cytology was granuloma inflammation and caseous necrosis which is compatible with tuberculosis infection. From this case illustration we conclude that EUS is an important diagnostic tool for pancreatic lesion to avoid unnecessary surgery.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Endosonography; Humans; Lymphadenopathy; Pancreas; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node
PubMed: 35027493
DOI: No ID Found -
Surgery Jul 2000
Topics: Echinococcosis; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Pancreas; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 10876195
DOI: 10.1067/msy.2000.103700 -
Archives of Virology 1986Weanling Fischer rats inoculated intramuscularly with Hantaan virus (strain 76-118) developed subclinical infections characterized by transient viremia and shedding of...
Weanling Fischer rats inoculated intramuscularly with Hantaan virus (strain 76-118) developed subclinical infections characterized by transient viremia and shedding of virus in saliva, persistence of virus in lung, pancreas, spleen and liver, and development of fluorescent and neutralizing antibodies in serum with immune complex deposition in lung. Viremia and virus shedding in saliva occurred 10 to 13 days after inoculation. Horizontal intracage transmission of infection occurred between 35 and 63 days post-inoculation, long after disappearance of virus in oropharyngeal secretions and blood. Multiple attempts to demonstrate infectious virus in feces and urine during this period were unsuccessful. The inability to detect virus in urine samples of experimentally infected rats may have resulted from intermittent or low-titered viruria. This contrasts sharply with the prolonged high-titered viruria reported in striped field mice (Apodemus agrarius) infected with Hantaan virus, suggesting differences in the mode(s) of virus transmission in nature.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Suckling; Antibodies, Viral; Antigen-Antibody Complex; Feces; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Orthohantavirus; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome; Lung; Macrophages; Muridae; Pancreas; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Species Specificity
PubMed: 2869749
DOI: 10.1007/BF01310890 -
Medical Microbiology and Immunology Feb 2018Monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein 1(MCPIP1) is identified as an important inflammatory regulator during immune response. MCPIP1 possesses antiviral activities...
Monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein 1(MCPIP1) is identified as an important inflammatory regulator during immune response. MCPIP1 possesses antiviral activities against several viruses, such as Japanese encephalitis. However, its role on Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection, a positive-stranded RNA virus, has not been addressed. Here, we reported that MCPIP1 was up-regulated in cardiomyocytes by CVB3 infection and in hearts and pancreas of infected mice. Then we found that overexpression of MCPIP1 inhibited CVB3 replication and knockdown of it promoted virus replication. Luciferase assay demonstrated MCPIP1 targeting non-ARE region of CVB3 3'UTR, which was dependent on its RNase, RNA binding and oligomerization abilities, but not deubiquitinase activity. We further verified that MCPIP1 negatively regulated CVB3-induced inflammatory response in macrophages. Thus, our data suggest MCPIP1 as a potent host defense against CVB3 infection and viral myocarditis.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Coxsackievirus Infections; Disease Models, Animal; Enterovirus B, Human; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Inflammation; Male; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Myocardium; Myocytes, Cardiac; Pancreas; RNA, Viral; Ribonucleases; Virus Replication
PubMed: 29043433
DOI: 10.1007/s00430-017-0523-0 -
Pancreas 1987Twenty-one routine clinical and laboratory data in 161 patients with necrotizing pancreatitis (NP) undergoing surgical treatment were analyzed. The necrotic tissue at...
Twenty-one routine clinical and laboratory data in 161 patients with necrotizing pancreatitis (NP) undergoing surgical treatment were analyzed. The necrotic tissue at operation was bacterially infected in 41% of the patients. The goal of the study was to evaluate whether there was any special clinical feature in cases of an infection. The parameters were recorded during 48 h after admission as well as during 48 h before operation, and the frequencies submitted to both a univariate and a multivariate analysis (logistic regression model). In the period after admission, patients with infected necrosis significantly more often had a rectal temperature greater than 38.5 degrees C (p = 0.001). Before operation (i.e., after maximum conservative treatment), four findings were significantly related to an infection: rectal temperature greater than 38.5 degrees C, base excess greater than -4 mmol/L, hematocrit less than 35% (all p = 0.0001), and paO2 less than 60 mm Hg (p = 0.001). The multivariate analysis, which calculates and quantifies the mutual influence of factors, showed a combination of three findings (rectal temperature greater than 38.5 degrees C, base excess greater than -4 mmol/L, and hematocrit less than 35%) to be related to necrosis infection before operation. All three criteria in a patient imply a probability of infection of 83%. It is noteworthy that the sepsis indicators were equally distributed in patients with focal, extended, or subtotal/total infected necrosis, but correlated with the necrosis extent in sterile necrotizing pancreatitis. Moreover, all parameters not related to the pancreatic infection [e.g., hyperglycemia, hypocalcemia, rise of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and the white blood cell count] correlated with the three necrosis categories.
Topics: Acid-Base Imbalance; Acute Disease; Age Factors; Bacterial Infections; Diagnosis, Differential; Drainage; Female; Fever; Hematocrit; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Necrosis; Oxygen; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Partial Pressure; Probability; Prospective Studies; Therapeutic Irrigation
PubMed: 3671346
DOI: 10.1097/00006676-198709000-00002 -
Biochemical and Biophysical Research... Mar 2013Ectopic mineralization of soft tissues is known to be a typical response to systemic imbalance of various metabolic factors as well as tissue injury, leading to severe...
Ectopic mineralization of soft tissues is known to be a typical response to systemic imbalance of various metabolic factors as well as tissue injury, leading to severe clinical consequences. In this study, coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection in mice resulted in significant tissue injury, especially in the heart and pancreas. Inflammatory damage and apoptotic cell death were observed in CVB3-infected heart and pancreas tissues. Along with tissue damage, substantial ectopic calcification was detected in CVB3-infected heart, pancreas, and lung tissues, as determined by von Kossa staining and calcium content quantification. In addition, CVB3 infection induced upregulation of osteogenic signals, including six genes (BMP2, SPARC, Runx2, osteopontin, collagen type I, and osterix) in the heart, three genes (SPARC, osteopontin, and collagen type I) in the pancreas, and two genes (BMP2 and alkaline phosphatase) in the lung, as determined by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Intriguingly, we showed that α-lipoic acid diminished CVB3-mediated inflammatory and apoptotic tissue damage, subsequently ameliorating ectopic calcification via the suppression of osteogenic signals. Collectively, our data provide evidence that ectopic calcification induced by CVB3 infection is implicated in the induction of osteogenic propensity, and α-lipoic acid may be a potential therapeutic agent to ameliorate pathologic calcification.
Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Coxsackievirus Infections; Enterovirus B, Human; Female; Heart; Humans; Lung; Male; Mice; Pancreas; Thioctic Acid
PubMed: 23357417
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.01.061