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The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Aug 1994
Review
Topics: Humans; Oncogenes; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Tumor Virus Infections; Virus Replication
PubMed: 8040616
DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12393230 -
American Journal of Clinical Oncology Oct 2009An increasing subset of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCCA) is positive for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). Patients tend to be... (Review)
Review
An increasing subset of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCCA) is positive for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). Patients tend to be younger, have a minimal or absent tobacco and ethanol abuse history, increased number of lifetime sexual partners (particularly oral-genital sex), and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCAs) arising in the oropharynx. The most common HR-HPV associated with HNSCCA is HPV-16. HR-HPV positivity is associated with decreased expression of the p53 and Rb genes, overexpression of p16, decreased expression of EGFR, and a different genetic expression pattern compared with patients with HR-HPV-negative SCCAs, leading to the conclusion that this is a distinct clinical entity. Patients who have HR-HPV-positive HNSCCAs have an improved prognosis, particularly those with oropharyngeal SCCAs, leading some to speculate that the intensity of treatment might be decreased. At present, whether this can be done safely remains unclear.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Human papillomavirus 16; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Prognosis; Risk Factors
PubMed: 19652580
DOI: 10.1097/COC.0b013e31818b8fee -
Head & Neck Jan 2007Head and neck cancer is the world's sixth most common cancer, but despite advances in treatment, there has been no significant decline in the mortality rate. In recent... (Review)
Review
Head and neck cancer is the world's sixth most common cancer, but despite advances in treatment, there has been no significant decline in the mortality rate. In recent years, there has been mounting epidemiologic and experimental evidence of a role for human papillomavirus (HPV) as the etiologic agent of a subset of head and neck cancers. The association is strongest for oropharyngeal cancers, especially those of the tonsil. HPV 16 is invariably the predominant type. HPV-positive cancers have been shown to be biologically distinct, clustering among nonsmokers and light drinkers, and have been associated with a favorable prognosis. This review examines the current findings of HPV in head and neck cancers and discusses implications for developing new treatments.
Topics: Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Prognosis; Risk Factors
PubMed: 16823878
DOI: 10.1002/hed.20460 -
Prevalence of genital human papillomavirus among men in Europe: systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of Sexual Medicine Nov 2014Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the commonest sexually transmitted infection worldwide and causes substantial morbidity in both sexes. Most European countries offer HPV... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the commonest sexually transmitted infection worldwide and causes substantial morbidity in both sexes. Most European countries offer HPV vaccination for girls, but vaccine recommendations for boys are warranted.
AIMS
The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of genital HPV, identify parameters that affect the prevalence, and describe the type-specific prevalence among men in Europe.
METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature in PubMed and Embase.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Genital HPV prevalence and factors influencing prevalence in general and high-risk male populations in Europe.
RESULTS
We included 31 articles that gave the prevalence of genital HPV DNA among men in northern, southern and western Europe; no studies from eastern Europe were identified. The pooled HPV prevalence among 1,863 men representing the general population (nine studies) was 12.4%, with large heterogeneity between studies (I(2) = 96.3%, P < 0.0001). The pooled HPV prevalence among 6,428 men in the high-risk population (22 studies) was 30.9%, also with substantial heterogeneity (I(2) = 95.6%, P < 0.0001). In unadjusted meta-regression analysis, the HPV prevalence in the general population was significantly higher in studies published after 2000 (28.5%) than in earlier studies (8.8%) (P = 0.0179). In the meta-regression analysis adjusted by publication year, the heterogeneity in the two population groups could not be explained by geographical region, anatomical sampling site, or HPV detection method. HPV16 was the most prevalent high-risk type in both populations.
CONCLUSIONS
HPV prevalence differs in male general and high-risk populations, but HPV16 and HPV18 are among the most common HPV types detected in both groups. Our findings contribute knowledge that may be useful as a baseline measure before the introduction of HPV vaccination for boys in Europe, and add to understanding of the epidemiology of HPV infection in men.
Topics: Europe; Female; Genital Diseases, Male; Humans; Male; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Prevalence; Sexually Transmitted Diseases
PubMed: 25088239
DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12652 -
Current Topics in Microbiology and... 1994
Review
Topics: DNA, Viral; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Tumor Virus Infections
PubMed: 8205835
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-78487-3_1 -
Cancer Cytopathology Sep 2014Nucleic acid-based high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing is essential to contemporary cervical cancer screening. The numbers of commercially available assays... (Review)
Review
Nucleic acid-based high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing is essential to contemporary cervical cancer screening. The numbers of commercially available assays approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for HPV nucleic acid detection have increased, each offering various approaches to analysis. An understanding of the methodologies associated with HPV testing is important to the practice of laboratory medicine. An overview of instruments, chemistries, laboratory workflows, and test limitations associated with current US Food and Drug Administration-approved assays is provided.
Topics: DNA, Viral; Humans; Papillomaviridae; RNA, Viral; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration
PubMed: 24939083
DOI: 10.1002/cncy.21451 -
Virology Jul 1997We have constructed chimeric papillomavirus-like particles (CVLPs) by replacing the 34-carboxy-terminal amino acids of the HPV 16 L1 protein with various parts of the...
We have constructed chimeric papillomavirus-like particles (CVLPs) by replacing the 34-carboxy-terminal amino acids of the HPV 16 L1 protein with various parts of the HPV 16 E7 protein. Chimeric proteins were expressed by recombinant baculoviruses and analyzed by electron microscopy for their ability to assemble into virus capsids. We were able to produce CVLPs in high efficiencies with inserts of up to 60 amino acids. CVLPs are able to induce a neutralizing antibody response, assayed by inhibition of hemagglutination of mouse erythrocytes. CVLPs are interacting with the putative receptor for papillomaviruses as they were shown to hemagglutinate mouse red blood cells and bind to and penetrate cells in vitro. As CVLPs follow a similar intracellular pathway as observed earlier for BPV VLPs, we speculate that CVLPs can be used to deliver peptides into mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo, possibly reaching the pathway for MHC class I presentation.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Capsid Proteins; Cell Line; Chlorocebus aethiops; Humans; Immunization; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Molecular Sequence Data; Oncogene Proteins, Viral; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus E7 Proteins; Recombination, Genetic; Spodoptera; Virion; Virus Assembly
PubMed: 9234950
DOI: 10.1006/viro.1997.8591 -
The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 1988A variety of human papillomavirus (HPV) types infect the anogenital mucosa, giving rise to lesions that differ in clinical appearance, histology, and risk of malignant... (Review)
Review
A variety of human papillomavirus (HPV) types infect the anogenital mucosa, giving rise to lesions that differ in clinical appearance, histology, and risk of malignant progression. Certain high-risk types (HPVs 16, 18, 31, 33, 35 and 39) have a strong association with high-grade epithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinomas of the anogenital tract. Cancer appears to have a multifactorial etiology, and HPV infection alone is probably insufficient for malignant transformation. The consistent association between HPV infection and anogenital cancers emphasizes, however, that the sexually transmitted papillomaviruses may have a necessary role in carcinogenesis. Hence, there is a prospect that vaccination programs may one day allow public health control of HPV infection, thereby eliminating an important risk factor.
Topics: Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Precancerous Conditions; Tumor Virus Infections
PubMed: 2847433
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano... 2015Human papillomavirus (HPV) refers to a group of viruses which belongs to a larger group, commonly referred to as papillomaviruses. These viruses are taxonomically... (Review)
Review
Human papillomavirus (HPV) refers to a group of viruses which belongs to a larger group, commonly referred to as papillomaviruses. These viruses are taxonomically located in the Papillomaviridae family. Papillomaviruses are small, non-enveloped with a genome of double-stranded DNA and they have affinity for epithelial tissue. Many of them are associated with human infection; they induce benign lesions of the skin (warts) and mucous membranes (condylomas), but they are also associated with some epithelial malignancies, such as cervical cancer and other tumors of the urogenital tract. Papillomaviridae contains 16 genera, which are named with a Greek letter prefix and the termination papillomavirus, e.g., Alphapapillomavirus, Betapapillomavirus, etcetera. From the clinical point of view, human papillomaviruses infecting the genital tract (which are located in the genus Alphapapilomavirus) have been divided into two groups: those of low risk, associated with benign genital warts, and those of high risk, with oncogenic potential, which are the etiological agents of cervical cancer. In this paper we review some relevant aspects of the structure, replication cycle and classification of human papillomaviruses.
Topics: Genome, Viral; Papillomaviridae; Proteome; Viral Structures; Virus Replication
PubMed: 26462512
DOI: No ID Found -
Archives of Virology Aug 2003Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) E5 protein, along with the more publicized E6 and E7 proteins of this virus, has been found to be oncogenic. E5 is a highly... (Review)
Review
Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) E5 protein, along with the more publicized E6 and E7 proteins of this virus, has been found to be oncogenic. E5 is a highly hydrophobic membrane-bound protein of 83 amino acids associated with the Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, and nuclear membrane in infected cells. E5 can activate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) through binding to the 16 kD subunit of protein pump ATPase leading to a reduced downregulation of EGFR receptors. The activation of EGFR can initiate biochemical cascades that lead to overexpression of a variety of protooncogenes and stimulate rapid cell growth. Moreover, E5 can inhibit the expression of tumor suppressor gene p21((WafI/SdiI/CipI)) and impair the control of cell cycle checkpoint. E5 protein has been identified as a potential tumor vaccine target antigen.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cell Line; Cell Transformation, Viral; Humans; Mice; Oncogene Proteins, Viral; Papillomaviridae
PubMed: 12898324
DOI: 10.1007/s00705-003-0111-z