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International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2022The COVID-19 pandemic made more people aware of the danger of viruses and bacteria, which is why disinfection began to be used more and more often. Epidemiological...
The COVID-19 pandemic made more people aware of the danger of viruses and bacteria, which is why disinfection began to be used more and more often. Epidemiological safety must be ensured not only in gathering places, but also in home and work environments. It is especially challenging in public transportation, which is a perfect environment for the spread of infectious disease. Therefore, the aim of the study was the identification of bacteria in crowded places and the evaluation of the effect of fumigation with peracetic acid (PAA) in public transportation. Inactivation of microorganisms in buses and long-distance coaches was carried out using an automatic commercial fogging device filled with a solution of peracetic acid stabilized with acetic acid (AA) and hydrogen peroxide (HO). Before and after disinfection, samples were taken for microbiological tests. The most prevalent bacteria were and was only present in buses, whereas and were only present in coaches. Statistical analysis showed a significant reduction in the number of microorganisms in samples taken from different surfaces after disinfection in vehicles. The overall effectiveness of disinfection was 81.7% in buses and 66.5% in coaches. Dry fog fumigation with peracetic acid is an effective method of disinfecting public transport vehicles.
Topics: COVID-19; Disinfectants; Fumigation; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Pandemics; Peracetic Acid; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 35270221
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052526 -
Environment International Mar 2004Peracetic acid is a strong disinfectant with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Due to its bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, and sporicidal effectiveness as... (Review)
Review
Peracetic acid is a strong disinfectant with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Due to its bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, and sporicidal effectiveness as demonstrated in various industries, the use of peracetic acid as a disinfectant for wastewater effluents has been drawing more attention in recent years. The desirable attributes of peracetic acid for wastewater disinfection are the ease of implementing treatment (without the need for expensive capital investment), broad spectrum of activity even in the presence of heterogeneous organic matter, absence of persistent toxic or mutagenic residuals or by-products, no quenching requirement (i.e., no dechlorination), small dependence on pH, short contact time, and effectiveness for primary and secondary effluents. Major disadvantages associated with peracetic acid disinfection are the increases of organic content in the effluent due to acetic acid (AA) and thus in the potential microbial regrowth (acetic acid is already present in the mixture and is also formed after peracetic acid decomposition). Another drawback to the use of peracetic acid is its high cost, which is partly due to limited production capacity worldwide. However, if the demand for peracetic acid increases, especially from the wastewater industry, the future mass production capacity might also be increased, thus lowering the cost. In such a case, in addition to having environmental advantages, peracetic acid may also become cost-competitive with chlorine.
Topics: Costs and Cost Analysis; Disinfectants; Disinfection; Peracetic Acid; Water Purification; Water Supply
PubMed: 14664864
DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00147-8 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2021Disinfection is a key element in controlling infections. Fogging, also known as fumigation, is one of the most effective chemical disinfection methods. Peracetic acid...
Disinfection is a key element in controlling infections. Fogging, also known as fumigation, is one of the most effective chemical disinfection methods. Peracetic acid (PAA) is a powerful oxidant with bactericidal and fungicidal properties. The aim of this study is to determine the type of bacteria and fungi present in educational institutions and whether disinfection by PAA fumigation in these institutions is also effective and useful, as demonstrated previously in healthcare centers. This study was carried out in five kindergartens and five primary schools in Bialystok, Poland. Three rooms have been selected in each of these educational institutions, and the disinfection was carried out in 30 rooms in total. Fogging with PAA was performed in selected rooms. Before and after disinfection, samples were collected from four surfaces: walls, tables, doors, and chair backs. Most frequently detected microorganisms in schools and kindergartens were ssp. . In addition, ssp. were the most prevalent in kindergartens, whereas was the most prevalent in schools. Comparison of the bacterial flora of schools and kindergartens showed statistically significant differences in the prevalence of bacteria on different surfaces. A significant decrease in the number of colonies after disinfection was observed on all surfaces ( < 0.05). In addition, the calculated effectiveness of disinfection was 99.7% in kindergartens and 99.3% in schools. The results indicate that fogging of PAA is a highly effective method of surface disinfection in kindergartens and schools.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Actinobacteria; Micrococcaceae; Paracoccus; Peracetic Acid; Schools; Staphylococcus
PubMed: 34604154
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.697917 -
The Journal of Laryngology and Otology Jul 2023This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of 1 per cent and 0.01 per cent peracetic acid as an antifungal agent in animal otomycosis.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of 1 per cent and 0.01 per cent peracetic acid as an antifungal agent in animal otomycosis.
METHOD
After creating a superficial scratch in the external auditory canal of guinea pigs, a suspension of , and candida were inoculated into the ears of the animals. After otomycosis, the effect of 1 per cent or 0.01 per cent peracetic acid on otomycosis was evaluated by otomicroscopy and culture at 10 days post-treatment and compared with 2 per cent acetic acid as the control.
RESULTS
A 10-day treatment with 1 per cent peracetic acid and 2 per cent acetic acid (control) showed normal otomicroscopy and negative cultures compared with 0.01 per cent peracetic acid. Drug sedimentation or other side effects in the external auditory canal or tympanic membrane were not observed during treatment with peracetic acid.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study confirm that the treatment of otomycosis with 1 per cent peracetic acid in an animal model is beneficial and may be a novel therapeutic treatment for otomycosis.
Topics: Animals; Guinea Pigs; Antifungal Agents; Otomycosis; Peracetic Acid; Aspergillosis; Aspergillus niger
PubMed: 36519278
DOI: 10.1017/S002221512200264X -
Environmental Science & Technology Apr 2022Peracetic acid has quickly gained ground in water treatment over the last decade. Specifically, its disinfection efficacy toward a wide spectrum of microorganisms in...
Peracetic acid has quickly gained ground in water treatment over the last decade. Specifically, its disinfection efficacy toward a wide spectrum of microorganisms in wastewater is accompanied by the simplicity of its handling and use. Moreover, peracetic acid represents a promising option to achieve disinfection while reducing the concentration of typical chlorination byproducts in the final effluent. However, its chemical behavior is still amply debated. In this study, the reactivity of peracetic acid in the presence of halides, namely, chloride and bromide, was investigated in both synthetic waters and in a real contaminated water. While previous studies focused on the ability of this disinfectant to form halogenated byproducts in the presence of dissolved organic matter and halides, this work indicates that peracetic acid also contributes itself as a primary source in the formation of these potentially carcinogenic compounds. Specifically, this study suggests that 1.5 mM peracetic acid may form around 1-10 μg/L of bromoform when bromide is present. Bromoform formation reaches a maximum at near neutral pH, which is highly relevant for wastewater management.
Topics: Bromides; Disinfectants; Disinfection; Peracetic Acid; Wastewater; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water Purification
PubMed: 35357818
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06118 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2020Numerous substances from different chemical sectors, from the pharmaceutical industry to the many consumer products available for everyday usage, can find their way into...
Numerous substances from different chemical sectors, from the pharmaceutical industry to the many consumer products available for everyday usage, can find their way into water intended for human consumption and wastewater, and can have adverse effects on the environment and human health. Thus, the disinfection process is an essential stage in water and wastewater treatment plants to destroy pathogenic microorganisms but it can form degradation byproducts. Sodium hypochlorite is the most common disinfectant, but the most important drawback associated with this kind of compound is the generation of toxic disinfection byproducts. Many studies have been carried out to identify alternative disinfectants, and in the last few years, peracetic acid has been highlighted as a feasible solution, particularly in wastewater treatment. This study compares the transformations of five emerging pollutants (caffeine, tramadol, irbesartan, diclofenac, trazodone) treated with peracetic acid, to evaluate their degradation and the possible formation of byproducts with those obtained with sodium hypochlorite. Although peracetic acid has many advantages, including a wide field of use against microorganisms and a low toxicity towards animal and plant organisms, it is not as effective in the degradation of the considered pollutants. These ones are recovered substantially and are unchanged quantitatively, producing a very low number of byproducts.
Topics: Peracetic Acid; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Sodium Hypochlorite; Wastewater; Water Purification
PubMed: 32414067
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102294 -
Chemosphere Dec 2018Peracetic acid (PAA) has gained increasing attention over the last decades as a suitable and environmentally-friendly alternative to chlorine-based compounds for... (Review)
Review
Peracetic acid (PAA) has gained increasing attention over the last decades as a suitable and environmentally-friendly alternative to chlorine-based compounds for wastewater disinfection, claiming limited disinfection by-products (DBPs) formed and no persistent residues in the environment. The present work aims at presenting a comprehensive and updated review of the ecotoxicological effects of effluents treated with PAA, to be ascribed to residual PAA and hydrogen peroxide (HO) and DBP formation. Modest concentrations of DBPs have been observed after PAA treatment, mainly carboxylic acids, which are not recognized as genotoxic. Moreover, there is no evidence of any endocrine disruption potential of PAA in human health or in the ecotoxicological studies. The associated HO fraction can potentially minimize the formation of halogenated DBPs and also contribute to the acute toxic effects of treated effluents. Effluents disinfected with PAA at concentrations typical of the wastewater treatment field have displayed limited toxic, mutagenic and genotoxic effects on different aquatic organisms, particularly low compared to chlorine-based disinfectants.
Topics: Disinfection; Ecotoxicology; Humans; Peracetic Acid
PubMed: 30212717
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.005 -
Letters in Applied Microbiology Apr 2022One of the major problems in industrial water systems is the generation of biofilm, which is resistant to antimicrobial agents and causes failure of sanitization policy....
One of the major problems in industrial water systems is the generation of biofilm, which is resistant to antimicrobial agents and causes failure of sanitization policy. This work aimed to study the anti-biofilm activity of peracetic acid (PAA) at contact times and temperatures combinations. To this end, a 96-well microtiter-based calorimetric method was applied in in vitro biofilm production using Escherichia coli, isolated from the water supply system of a pharmaceutical plant. The phenotypic and phylogenetic tests confirmed that the isolated bacteria belong to strains of Escherichia coli. The anti-biofilm activity of peracetic acid on formed biofilm was investigated at concentrations of 0·15-0·5% for a contact time of 5-15 min at 20-60°C. The maximum biofilm formation by MTP method using an Escherichia coli isolate was achieved in 96-h incubation in TSB containing wells at 37°C. Biofilm formation rate shown to be high by the environmental isolate compared with that of standard strain. PAA at concentrations above 0·25%, the temperature of 40°C and a minimum of 10 min of contact time was effective in the eradication of biofilm in an MTP-based system.
Topics: Biofilms; Disinfectants; Disinfection; Escherichia coli; Peracetic Acid; Phylogeny; Water
PubMed: 34984695
DOI: 10.1111/lam.13647 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Sep 2021An effective decontamination procedure of personnel wearing personal protective equipment is required by CBRN responders and healthcare workers when dealing with...
Peracetic acid-based disinfectant is the most appropriate solution for a biological decontamination procedure of responders and healthcare workers in the field environment.
AIMS
An effective decontamination procedure of personnel wearing personal protective equipment is required by CBRN responders and healthcare workers when dealing with biological warfare agents or natural outbreaks caused by highly contagious pathogens. This study aimed to identify critical factors affecting the efficacy of peracetic acid (PAA)-based disinfectants and products containing either hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite under the same conditions.
METHODS AND RESULTS
The influence of concentration, application (contact) time, erroneous human behaviour, interfering substance, technical assets and weather conditions on disinfection efficacy against Bacillus subtilis spores were assessed in 14 experimental groups. Residual contamination of protective suits was measured to provide responders with readily understandable information (up to 100 colony forming units classified a suit as disinfected). Weather conditions, short application time and erroneous human behaviour substantially affected the effectiveness of PAAs (P < 0·05). Non-PAA-based disinfectants (either liquid or foam) did not reach comparable efficacy (P < 0·001).
CONCLUSIONS
Peracetic acid was effective at a concentration of 6400-8200 ppm and an application time of 4 min.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
The study provides operationally relevant data for the use of PAA-based disinfectants in preparedness planning and management of biological incidents and natural outbreaks.
Topics: Decontamination; Disinfectants; Disinfection; Health Personnel; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Peracetic Acid; Personal Protective Equipment; Spores, Bacterial
PubMed: 33590580
DOI: 10.1111/jam.15041 -
Environmental Technology Nov 2021In this study, peracetic acid (PAA) activated by Fe(II) was proposed to remove diclofenac (DCF) in polluted water. It was found that Fe(II)/PAA system could effectively...
In this study, peracetic acid (PAA) activated by Fe(II) was proposed to remove diclofenac (DCF) in polluted water. It was found that Fe(II)/PAA system could effectively remove DCF at neutral condition, which has a significant advantage over classical Fenton process. According to the result of scavenging experiment, both hydroxyl radical and peroxy radical were considered to be responsible for the degradation of DCF. The influence of several operational parameters including initial pH, Fe(II) dosage, PAA concentration and common water matrix on DCF removal were investigated. 80% DCF was removed at mild condition (pH 6-7) within 60 s, and its removal rate could be enhanced with the increase in Fe(II) dosage and PAA concentration. Presence of and natural organic matter (NOM) was proved to have a significantly negative impact on DCF degradation. Four probable degradation pathways of DCF were proposed based on the detected reaction products, including hydroxylation, C-N bond cleavage, decarboxylation and dehydrogenation.
Topics: Diclofenac; Ferrous Compounds; Oxidation-Reduction; Peracetic Acid; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 32295490
DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1756926