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Journal of General Internal Medicine Jan 2013
Topics: Humans; Interprofessional Relations; Medical Staff, Hospital; Names; Personnel, Hospital; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 22722976
DOI: 10.1007/s11606-012-2125-2 -
Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue... Mar 1980Identity, though complex, can be encoded in a name. The name bears the stamp of the namers' traditions and their hopes for the child. The infant's characteristics... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Identity, though complex, can be encoded in a name. The name bears the stamp of the namers' traditions and their hopes for the child. The infant's characteristics influence the choice to some degree and, to a degree, a name affects the person who bears it. The interface between names and personal identity is illustrated clinically in syndromes of transsexualism and multiple personality, in twinning, and in the development of the ego-ideal.
Topics: Black or African American; Black People; Canada; China; Dissociative Identity Disorder; Ego; Ethnicity; Europe; Female; France; Gender Identity; Humans; Indians, North American; Inuit; Jews; Male; Names; Pregnancy; Psycholinguistics; Social Behavior; Social Identification; Twins
PubMed: 7190867
DOI: 10.1177/070674378002500206 -
Cognition Jan 2022Picture name agreement is commonly used as both a control variable and independent variable in studies of language production. It describes the proportion of...
Picture name agreement is commonly used as both a control variable and independent variable in studies of language production. It describes the proportion of participants who volunteer a picture's modal name in a norming study-a population-level descriptor-but researchers often assume that name agreement also indexes cognitive processes that occur within individuals. For instance, if norms show that 50% of speakers name a picture as couch, then each time a person tries to name the picture, they might have a 50% chance of selecting couch. An alternative, however, is that name agreement may simply reflect population-level sampling of more stable individual preferences (e.g., 50% of speakers prefer the name couch), continually developed through experience. One way to distinguish between these possibilities - and assess the psychological reality of name agreement - is simply to re-norm pictures with the same individuals. In Experiment 1, we therefore collected timed naming norms for a large set of line drawings from the same 25 native British English speakers twice, 1-2 weeks apart. Results show participants' name choices in Session 2 are jointly predicted by population-level name agreement, from our previous norms, and individuals' own productions in Session 1. Experiment 2 replicated this result and further showed that prior selections predicted Session 3 outcomes better than those in Session 2, in line with an incremental learning account. This is the first direct demonstration that picture name agreement has some psychological validity, but also reveals that it does not directly index within-participant lexical competition as previously assumed.
Topics: Humans; Language; Learning; Names; Recognition, Psychology
PubMed: 34798508
DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104947 -
Families, Systems & Health : the... Mar 2021In this brief article, the author states that beyond her family context, she has come to rec ognize the privilege and responsibility she has as a provider and an...
In this brief article, the author states that beyond her family context, she has come to rec ognize the privilege and responsibility she has as a provider and an educator to promote inclusivity. When she meets a new patient or a new learner, particu larly those from different linguistic backgrounds than her own, she acknowledges that it may be hard for her to say their name, placing the burden to practice and be open to correction on herself. Some might argue names are trivial-what does it matter if someone pronounces your name cor rectly?-but we know it's not. Our names are one way we become visible or invisible to those around us. When we ask someone if we can call them something other than their name, we are communi cating (oftentimes, inadvertently) that their name is not worth the effort, that there is something wrong with it, something wrong with them. We have a responsibility to engage in culturally and lin guistically congruent practices and an obliga tion to model what it means to treat our learners and patients with dignity, starting with saying their names. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Communication Barriers; Emigrants and Immigrants; Humans; Names
PubMed: 34014738
DOI: 10.1037/fsh0000588 -
PLoS Biology Apr 2020Putting a name to a face is a highly common activity in our daily life that greatly enriches social interactions. Although this specific person-identity association...
Putting a name to a face is a highly common activity in our daily life that greatly enriches social interactions. Although this specific person-identity association becomes automatic with learning, it remains difficult and can easily be disrupted in normal circumstances or neurological conditions. To shed light on the neural basis of this important and yet poorly understood association between different input modalities in the human brain, we designed a crossmodal frequency-tagging paradigm coupled to brain activity recording via scalp and intracerebral electroencephalography. In Experiment 1, 12 participants were presented with variable pictures of faces and written names of a single famous identity at a 4-Hz frequency rate while performing an orthogonal task. Every 7 items, another famous identity appeared, either as a face or a name. Robust electrophysiological responses were found exactly at the frequency of identity change (i.e., 4 Hz / 7 = 0.571 Hz), suggesting a crossmodal neural response to person identity. In Experiment 2 with twenty participants, two control conditions with periodic changes of identity for faces or names only were added to estimate the contribution of unimodal neural activity to the putative crossmodal face-name responses. About 30% of the response occurring at the frequency of crossmodal identity change over the left occipito-temporal cortex could not be accounted for by the linear sum of unimodal responses. Finally, intracerebral recordings in the left ventral anterior temporal lobe (ATL) in 7 epileptic patients tested with this paradigm revealed a small number of "pure" crossmodal responses, i.e., with no response to changes of identity for faces or names only. Altogether, these observations provide evidence for integration of verbal and nonverbal person identity-specific information in the human brain, highlighting the contribution of the left ventral ATL in the automatic retrieval of face-name identity associations.
Topics: Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Face; Female; Humans; Male; Names; Neuropsychological Tests; Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation; Pattern Recognition, Visual; Temporal Lobe; Young Adult
PubMed: 32243450
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000659 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Oct 2018
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Humans; Names; Patient Compliance; Physician-Patient Relations
PubMed: 30281983
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp1806388 -
JAMA Jul 2019
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Names; Physicians, Women; Sexism
PubMed: 31310302
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2019.8647 -
Journal of Experimental Psychology.... Nov 1986Interference effects between the processing of simultaneously presented photographs of faces of familiar people and printed names of familiar people were investigated....
Interference effects between the processing of simultaneously presented photographs of faces of familiar people and printed names of familiar people were investigated. Printed names interfered with identifying faces, whereas faces did not interfere with saying printed names (Experiments 1 and 3). In contrast, faces interfered more with name categorization than names interfered with face categorization (Experiments 2 and 4). Despite a priori reasons as to why faces might be thought to possess functional properties different from those of other visual objects, the observed effects are comparable to those found in object-word interference studies, with photographs of faces behaving like pictures of objects and printed people's names behaving like printed names of objects. In face naming tasks, the presence of related names produced more interference than did the presence of unrelated names (Experiment 1). This effect was examined in greater detail in Experiment 3, where we found that the effect arises when the face and the name belong to people of similar appearance. An effect of common category membership was not found in Experiment 3. Experiment 5, however, showed that names of people highly associated with the person whose face is presented also produce more interference than do names of unrelated people.
Topics: Association; Face; Female; Humans; Male; Memory; Names; Psychophysics; Reaction Time; Visual Perception
PubMed: 2946803
DOI: 10.1037//0096-1523.12.4.466 -
JCO Oncology Practice Oct 2021
Topics: Humans; Names; Neoplasms; Parents; Patient-Centered Care
PubMed: 33734827
DOI: 10.1200/OP.20.00588 -
American Journal of Psychotherapy Apr 1980Much has been said about what's in a name, but what, in law, is a name? Following a discussion of studies on the impact of a name on a person, the author discusses what...
Much has been said about what's in a name, but what, in law, is a name? Following a discussion of studies on the impact of a name on a person, the author discusses what constitutes a name at law.
Topics: Female; Humans; Identification, Psychological; Jurisprudence; Male; Names; Self Concept; United States
PubMed: 7386692
DOI: 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1980.34.2.208