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Pathologica Apr 2022Phyllodes tumors (PT) are fibroepithelial neoplasms of the breast showing a peculiar leaf-like appearance. They account for 0.3 to 1% of all primary breast tumors and... (Review)
Review
Phyllodes tumors (PT) are fibroepithelial neoplasms of the breast showing a peculiar leaf-like appearance. They account for 0.3 to 1% of all primary breast tumors and 2.5% of all fibroepithelial breast tumors. PT are classified into benign, borderline and malignant based upon their stromal morphology with a distribution of 60%, 20%, and 20%, respectively. Malignant PT of the breast constitute an uncommon challenging group of fibroepithelial neoplasms. They have a relatively high tendency to recur, although distant metastasis is uncommon, and nearly exclusive to malignant PT. Adequate surgical resection remains the standard approach to achieve maximal local control. Giant malignant PT are rare and a pose a diagnostic dilemma for pathologists, especially when comprised of sarcomatous elements. This review highlights the morphological features of PT detected in cytology and histology specimens and discusses diagnostic pitfalls and differential diagnosis.
Topics: Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasms, Fibroepithelial; Phyllodes Tumor
PubMed: 35414723
DOI: 10.32074/1591-951X-754 -
The Breast Journal Mar 2020
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; Female; Humans; Phyllodes Tumor
PubMed: 31605427
DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13562 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Nov 2014Phyllodes tumors of the vulva are rare proliferations that share morphologic similarities with breast neoplasms. Their histogenetic origin is elusive and may be... (Review)
Review
Phyllodes tumors of the vulva are rare proliferations that share morphologic similarities with breast neoplasms. Their histogenetic origin is elusive and may be associated with specialized mammary-like glands of the vulva. Because of their rarity, the clinical and pathologic features, classification, and therapy are not well defined, and their biologic behavior is difficult to predict by histology alone. Immunohistochemical expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and breast markers provide further support for a common origin. Surgical resection is the current mainstay of therapy and is definitive in most cases.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Phyllodes Tumor; Prognosis; Vulvar Neoplasms
PubMed: 25357118
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2013-0581-RS -
Strahlentherapie Und Onkologie : Organ... Jan 1995Presentation of the microscopical and clinical findings, prognostic factors and principles of treatment of the phyllodes tumor of the breast. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Presentation of the microscopical and clinical findings, prognostic factors and principles of treatment of the phyllodes tumor of the breast.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
This paper reviews the published data on this rare and intriguing tumor of the breast.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
The main prognostic factor is the histotype of the phyllodes tumor (benign, borderline, malignant) assessed on the basis of the criteria proposed by Azzopardi [3] and Salvadori et al. [50]. Wide local excision with an adequate marg in of normal breast tissue is the preferred initial therapy for phyllodes tumor. Mastectomy is indicated only for very large tumors compared with breast morphologic size and for recurrences of borderline and malignant tumors.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Combined Modality Therapy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Mammography; Middle Aged; Phyllodes Tumor; Prognosis
PubMed: 7839306
DOI: No ID Found -
Turk Patoloji Dergisi 2013Ectopic breast tissue can occur anywhere along the primitive embryonic milk line and can be the site of the same pathologic processes found in the normal breast.... (Review)
Review
Ectopic breast tissue can occur anywhere along the primitive embryonic milk line and can be the site of the same pathologic processes found in the normal breast. Phyllodes tumor is an extremely rare fibroepithelial neoplasm that occurs in ectopic breast tissue of the vulva. To date, only 8 cases of phyllodes tumor in the vulva have been reported in the literature. This paper presents two additional case of benign phyllodes tumor in the vulva. The first patient was a 43-year-old woman, presenting with a lesion on the left anterior mons pubis that had increased in size in the last three months. The second patient was a 50-year-old woman, presenting with a two-month history of a mass in the right labium majus. The patients underwent excisional biopsy. The histological examination of both specimens revealed a characteristic pattern of benign phyllodes tumor. In conclusion, the pathologists need to be aware that the lesion can occur in this location. Herein, the concepts about the histogenesis of phyllodes tumor in the vulva are discussed and a brief review of the previously reported cases is given.
Topics: Adult; Female; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; Humans; Middle Aged; Phyllodes Tumor; Treatment Outcome; Vulvar Neoplasms
PubMed: 23354802
DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2013.01153 -
Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology Nov 2013Complete surgical resection is the standard treatment for localized breast phyllodes tumors. Post-surgical treatments are still a matter of debate. We carried out an... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Complete surgical resection is the standard treatment for localized breast phyllodes tumors. Post-surgical treatments are still a matter of debate. We carried out an overview of the literature to investigate the clinical outcome of patients with phyllodes tumor. A retrospective analysis of mono-institutional series has been included as well.
METHODS
We reviewed all the retrospective series reported from 1951 until April 2012. We analyzed cases treated at our institution from 1999 to 2010.
RESULTS
Eighty-three articles (5530 patients; 1956 malignant tumors) were reviewed. Local recurrences were independent of histology. Distant recurrences were more frequent in the malignant tumors (22%). A total of 172 phyllodes tumors were included in the retrospective analysis.
DISCUSSION
Prognosis of phyllodes tumors is excellent. There are no convincing data to recommend any adjuvant treatment after surgery. Molecular characterization may well provide new clues to permit identification of active treatments for the rare poor prognosis cases.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms, Male; Child; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Grading; Phyllodes Tumor; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 23871531
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.06.005 -
The Breast Journal May 2020
Topics: Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms, Male; Humans; Male; Phyllodes Tumor
PubMed: 31876033
DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13710 -
The Breast Journal 2001The study aims to evaluate the survival and prognosis of patients with malignant phyllodes tumor. Between 1982 and 1998, 37 women with malignant phyllodes tumor were...
The study aims to evaluate the survival and prognosis of patients with malignant phyllodes tumor. Between 1982 and 1998, 37 women with malignant phyllodes tumor were treated at the Regional Cancer Center, Trivandrum. Twelve patients were recurrent. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Patient, disease, and treatment factors were compared using log-rank test. The Cox-proportional hazard model was employed to identify the prognostic factors. Thirty-six patients had surgery. Twenty-five patients received postoperative radiotherapy, and 2 received chemotherapy in addition. The median follow-up was 43 months (range 1-170 months). Eight patients failed locally, and 7 of these were successfully salvaged by surgery. The 5-year overall survival was 74.2% (95% CI, 0.44 to 0.89), whereas 5-year disease-free survival was 59.6% (95% CI, 0.39 to 0.7). The margin of surgical excision was found to be the only independent prognostic factor (p=0.003). However, patients with tumor size more than 5 cm (hazard ratio 2.9) were found to have increased hazard, whereas those receiving adjuvant radiotherapy (hazard ratio 0.6), married women (hazard ratio 0.4), and those women over the age of 35 years (hazard ratio 0.7) showed a decreased hazards. Cystosarcoma phyllodes is a rare malignancy of the female breast. Surgery with adequate margins is the primary treatment. Adjuvant radiotherapy appears to improve the disease-free survival.
Topics: Adult; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mastectomy; Middle Aged; Phyllodes Tumor; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards Models; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Survival Analysis
PubMed: 11843853
DOI: 10.1046/j.1524-4741.2001.07606.x -
International Journal of Surgical... Feb 2022Phyllodes tumor is a paradigm of fibroepithelial neoplasm that accounts for <1% of the breast neoplastic lesions usually detected in females and uncommonly in the male... (Review)
Review
Phyllodes tumor is a paradigm of fibroepithelial neoplasm that accounts for <1% of the breast neoplastic lesions usually detected in females and uncommonly in the male breast. The World Health Organization classifies the tumor into benign, borderline, and malignant based on the predefined morphological criteria. Squamous differentiation in phyllodes tumor is epithelial metaplasia, which has been occasionally documented in English literature. We report the first undocumented case of a recurrent borderline phyllodes tumor with cystic squamous metaplastic change in a 32-year-old male patient. The histology was that of a fibroepithelial neoplasm with the typical leaf-like projections and cystic spaces lined by squamous epithelium containing keratin debris. The purpose of presenting this case is to elucidate the pathogenesis and discuss other malignant and benign breast lesions that may be included in the differential diagnosis when evaluating a breast lesion with squamous metaplasia, particularly in the context of fine-needle aspirates.
Topics: Adult; Breast Neoplasms, Male; Humans; Male; Phyllodes Tumor
PubMed: 34080913
DOI: 10.1177/10668969211022017 -
Fetal and Pediatric Pathology Aug 2023Breast phyllodes tumor has a distinct histologic appearance. There are no pediatric phyllodes tumors of the bladder in English literature reported. A 2-year-old boy...
Breast phyllodes tumor has a distinct histologic appearance. There are no pediatric phyllodes tumors of the bladder in English literature reported. A 2-year-old boy presented with a urinary infection and obstructive urinary symptoms. A 3-cm slow-growing bladder mass revealed by repeated transabdominal ultrasonography was initially considered a ureterocele. Cystoscopic and laparoscopic exploration using pneumovesicum confirmed the diagnosis of a bladder neck tumor. Histologically, the features were of a benign phyllodes tumor, morphologically similar to those seen in breast tissue. The patient received no further treatment and showed no recurrence or metastasis. Phyllodes tumor can cause a pediatric bladder tumor.
Topics: Male; Humans; Child; Child, Preschool; Phyllodes Tumor; Urinary Bladder; Mastectomy; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms
PubMed: 36995095
DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2023.2193274